CCIE routing and switching certification guide

1347 Pages·8.615 MB·English

by  Odom, Wendell;Healy, Rus;Donohue, Denise

CCIE Routing and Switching
Certification Guide
Fourth Edition
Wendell Odom, CCIE No. 1624
Rus Healy, CCIE No. 15025
Denise Donohue, CCIE No. 9566
Cisco Press
800 East 96th Street
Indianapolis, IN 46240 USA
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CCIE Routing and Switching Certification Guide, Fourth Edition
Wendell Odom, CCIE No. 1624
Rus Healy, CCIE No. 15025
Denise Donohue, CCIE No. 9566
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Published by:
Cisco Press
800 East 96th Street
Indianapolis, IN 46240 USA
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written
permission from the publisher, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review.
Printed in the United States of America
First Printing November 2009
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Odom, Wendell.
CCIE routing and switching exam certification guide / Wendell Odom, Rus Healy, Denise Donohue. -- 4th ed.
p. cm.
Includes index.
ISBN-13: 978-1-58705-980-3 (hardcover w/cd)
ISBN-10: 1-58705-980-0 (hardcover w/cd) 1. Telecommunications engineers—Certification—Study guides.
2. Routing (Computer network management)—Examinations—Study guides. 3. Telecommunication—Switching
systems—Examinations—Study guides. 4. Computer networks—Examinations—Study guides. 5. Internetworking
(Telecommunication)—Examinations—Study guides. I. Healy, Rus. II. Donohue, Denise. III. Title.
QA76.3.B78475 2010
004.6—dc22
2009041604
ISBN-13: 978-1-58705-980-3
ISBN-10: 1-58705-980-0
Warning and Disclaimer
This book is designed to provide information about Cisco CCIE Routing and Switching Written Exam, No. 350-001.
Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accurate as possible, but no warranty or fitness is
implied.
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The opinions expressed in this book belong to the author and are not necessarily those of Cisco Systems, Inc.
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ized. Cisco Press or Cisco Systems, Inc., cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this book
should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark.
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Publisher: Paul Boger
Associate Publisher: Dave Dusthimer
Cisco Representative: Erik Ullanderson
Cisco Press Program Manager:Anand Sundaram
Executive Editor: Brett Bartow
Managing Editor: Patrick Kanouse
Development Editor: Dayna Isley
Project Editor: Seth Kerney
Copy Editor: Keith Cline
Technical Editor(s): Maurilio Gorito, Narbik Kocharians
Editorial Assistant:Vanessa Evans
Book Designer: Louisa Adair
Composition: Mark Shirar
Indexer:Tim Wright
Proofreader:Apostrophe Editing Services
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About the Authors
Wendell Odom, CCIE No. 1624, is a 28-year veteran of the networking industry. He
currently works as an independent author of Cisco certification resources and occasional
instructor of Cisco authorized training for Skyline ATS. He has worked as a network
engineer, consultant, systems engineer, instructor, and course developer. He is author of
several best-selling Cisco certification titles. He maintains lists of current titles, links to
Wendell’s blogs, and other certification resources at www.TheCertZone.com.
Rus Healy, CCIE No. 15025, has worked on several Cisco Press projects, including the
third edition of this book as a coauthor, and the second edition as a technical reviewer. Rus
is chief technology officer of Annese & Associates, Cisco’s Education Partner of the Year
for the Northeast US and Canada. Rus serves on the Board of Directors of Habitat for
Humanity of New York State and Habitat for Humanity of Ontario County, NY.
Denise Donohue, CCIE No. 9566, is senior solutions architect for ePlus Technology, a
Cisco Gold partner. She works as a consulting engineer, designing networks for ePlus’s
customers. Prior to this role, she was a systems engineer for the data consulting arm of
SBC/AT&T. She has co-authored several Cisco Press books in the areas of route/switch and
voice. Denise has been a Cisco instructor and course director for Global Knowledge and
did network consulting for many years. Her areas of specialization include route/switch,
voice, and data center.
About the Technical Reviewers
Maurilio Gorito, CCIE No. 3807 (Routing and Switching, WAN Switching, and Security),
has more than 20 years of experience in networking, including Cisco networks and IBM/
SNA environments, which includes the planning, designing, implementation, and
troubleshooting of large IP networks running RIP, IGRP, EIGRP, BGP, OSPF, QoS, and
SNA worldwide, including in Brazil and the United States. Maurilio has worked for Cisco
since 2000 with the CCIE Team. As program manager, he is responsible for managing the
CCIE Routing and Switching track certification exams, and he has more than seven years
of experience proctoring CCIE lab exams. He holds degrees in mathematics and pedagogy.
Narbik Kocharians, CCIE No. 12410 (Routing and Switching, Security, SP), is a Triple
CCIE with more than 32 years of experience in the IT industry. He has designed,
implemented, and supported numerous enterprise networks. Narbik is the president of
Micronics Training Inc. (www.Micronicstraining.com), where he teaches CCIE R&S and
SP boot camps.
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Acknowledgments
Maurilio and Narbik each did a nice job tech editing the book and finding the technical
errors that can creep into a manuscript. On his third time with editing this book, Maurilio
did his usual great job with one of the most difficult challenges with this book: help us
choose what to cover, and in what depth, and what to not cover. And what a treat to get
Narbik, one of the world’s most respected CCIE instructors, to review the book. His
comments both on technical accuracy and suggested improvements of how to go about
describing the topics were very valuable.
Joe Harris (CCIE 6200, R/S, Security, SP) did a great job for us working to update and add
to the CD question bank. Joe's expertise and experience has been a tremendous help to
improve the questions on the CD. Thanks, Joe!
Wehad the privilege of working with Dayna Isley as development editor this time around.
Dayna got the task of juggling a wide variety of details, keeping track of a large number of
chapters, some with few changes, some with many small changes, and some with big
chunks of new material that needed to fit well with existing material (and with 3 authors to
boot). And oh yeah, she had to do the usual development work, too. Amazing job, Dayna!
The wonderful (and mostly hidden) production folks—Patrick Kanouse’s group—did their
usual great job. When every time you see how they reworded something, or made a figure
look better, or catch a problem, it makes me appreciate the kind of team we have at Cisco
Press. In particular, thanks to Seth Kerney for managing the production process as Project
Editor for the book, and for working through all the competing tasks, large and small
changes, and the competing timelines. Many thanks to the entire production team for
pulling us through the process and making the book better.
From a more strategic perspective, thanks to Brett Bartow, the executive editor for this
book. I can remember sitting at a table at the Cisco Networker’s conference back in… 2004
I believe, and talking with Brett about the possibility of rewriting the first edition of this
book for what came to be called the second edition. Not only did Brett work hard, and with
flexibility, to get me the chance to write this book originally, he has also helped me keep a
great group of co-authors engaged with the book to help use keep the book up-to-date on a
relatively frequent update cycle.
From Wendell Odom:
As usual, the timeline for the new edition of this book coincided with a couple of other projects.
Yet again, Rus helped beyond compare. Frankly, while I may have written more net pages in this
book overall, Rus has become invested in this book, not just in time and effort, but in the amount
he cares about this book in the marketplace. Rus’s value to the ongoing shape of this book goes
far beyond any particular words or figures printed in the pages.
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Denise Donohue joined the team for this fourth edition, making her the fifth co-author to
work on various parts of the book. It was great to have a fresh set of eyes looking at the
content, and to have an experienced author and respected consultant/instructor work with
us was a big help as well. Without Denise, we never would have made the requested due
dates—thanks, Denise!
Finally, on the personal side, thanks to my wife, Kris, for helping make this work lifestyle
happen for me. I truly love to write, and Kris helps make that happen. Thanks, doll! And as
always, thanks to my Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ.
From Rus Healy:
Thanks to Wendell Odom and Denise Donohue for the opportunity to work with them on
this book. It’s been a satisfying and enjoyable project. It’s always a pleasure to serve on a
great team, and along with the great folks from Cisco Press, this group is one of the best!
Finally, I want to thank my wife, Nancy, and our kids, Gwen and Trevor, for putting up with
me as I took time away from family life to work on this book.
From Denise Donohue:
I would like to second all the wonderful things that Wendell said about the Cisco Press staff
and our technical reviewers. Authors are but the tip of the iceberg; producing a quality book
requires many hands, and we are so very grateful for all the help.
A big “thank you” to Wendell for the opportunity to work on this new edition. The subject
matter was interesting, and I learned some new things! What more can you ask? He and Rus
are so professional in their writing; my future books will be better because of the tips I
picked up from them.
I promised my Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ, that I’d give him a shout-out in this book.
Thanks to Him for all He’s done, including helping me understand how to explain a tough
concept or keep motivated to stay inside and write on bright, sunny spring days.
Finally, thank you to my husband and children for picking up the slack while I’m writing.
Couldn’t have done it without you!
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Contents at a Glance
Foreword xxxi
Introduction xxxii
Part I LAN Switching
Chapter 1 Ethernet Basics 3
Chapter 2 Virtual LANs and VLAN Trunking 31
Chapter 3 Spanning Tree Protocol 63
Part II IP
Chapter 4 IP Addressing 105
Chapter 5 IP Services 141
Part III IP Routing
Chapter 6 IP Forwarding (Routing) 181
Chapter 7 EIGRP 217
Chapter 8 OSPF 249
Chapter 9 IGP Route Redistribution, Route Summarization, Default Routing,
and Troubleshooting 309
Chapter 10 Fundamentals of BGP Operations 365
Chapter 11 BGP Routing Policies 427
Part IV QoS
Chapter 12 Classification and Marking 493
Chapter 13 Congestion Management and Avoidance 529
Chapter 14 Shaping, Policing, and Link Fragmentation 567
Part V Wide-Area Networks
Chapter 15 Wide-Area Networks 611
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Part VI IP Multicast
Chapter 16 Introduction to IP Multicasting 643
Chapter 17 IP Multicast Routing 689
Part VII Security
Chapter 18 Security 753
Part VIII MPLS
Chapter 19 Multiprotocol Label Switching 817
Part IX IP Version 6
Chapter 20 P Version 6 879
Part X Appendixes
Appendix A Answers to the “Do I Know This Already?” Quizzes 949
Appendix B Decimal to Binary Conversion Table 979
Appendix C CCIE Exam Updates 983
Index 986
CD-Only
Appendix D IP Addressing Practice
Appendix E RIP Version 2
Appendix F IGMP
Appendix G Key Tables for CCIE Study
Appendix H Solutions for Key Tables for CCIE Study
Glossary
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Contents
Foreword xxxi
Introduction xxxii
Part I LAN Switching
Chapter 1 Ethernet Basics 3
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 3
Foundation Topics 7
Ethernet Layer 1: Wiring, Speed, and Duplex 7
RJ-45 Pinouts and Category 5 Wiring 7
Auto-negotiation, Speed, and Duplex 8
CSMA/CD 9
Collision Domains and Switch Buffering 9
Basic Switch Port Configuration 11
Ethernet Layer 2: Framing and Addressing 13
Types of Ethernet Addresses 15
Ethernet Address Formats 16
Protocol Types and the 802.3 Length Field 17
Switching and Bridging Logic 18
SPAN and RSPAN 20
Core Concepts of SPAN and RSPAN 22
Restrictions and Conditions 22
Basic SPAN Configuration 24
Complex SPAN Configuration 24
RSPAN Configuration 25
Foundation Summary 26
Memory Builders 29
Fill In Key Tables from Memory 29
Definitions 29
Further Reading 29
Chapter 2 Virtual LANs and VLAN Trunking 31
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 31
Foundation Topics 35
Virtual LANs 35
VLAN Configuration 35
Using VLAN Database Mode to Create VLANs 36
Using Configuration Mode to Put Interfaces into VLANs 38
Using Configuration Mode to Create VLANs 39
Private VLANs 40
VLAN Trunking Protocol 42
VTP Process and Revision Numbers 43
VTP Configuration 44