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Avant-propos Qu'a-t-il bien pu arriver au libéralisme en 1996? ParBillBruneau dd'éefxeanldtraetioln',assnuoruasncea-vmaolnasdiecrumaïqsu,ililalsl'aeistt lmeosdveositresmajsoalraéisr.esetavaientpeud'espoirde changLeersdg'oiudévee.rnIlesmpeenutvse,nétvriédteamblmiernlte,fpienuavnecnet- POURLAPLUPARTD'ENTRENOUS,NOS arrêté à temps. (L'implantation de l'assu- jusque verslemilieudesannées 1950, ment.Ilspeuventbâtiraulieuderéduireles annéesdubaccalauréatsontempreintes rance-maladie devait attendre quelques les fermiers de mon village des prairies crédits. Des signes révèlent que le présent deromantisme.Dansmoncas,jemerappelle annéesencore.) n'avaientpresque pas de revenu disponible. gouvernement commence à penser à ces nonsansémotiondesmomentsfortsdemon Pearson a signalé que les Libéraux Parcequ'ilexistaitunréseaud'écolesetd'u- choses.Enagissantainsi,ilrevientaupremier passage àl'Université de la Saskatchewan : avaientfaitduchemindepuisle«gouverne- niversités,deplusenplusaccessiblesàleurs etauvrai«bilandeslibéraux».Nousallons une admirable introduction à l'histoire, la mentnégatif» de MackenzieKingquiesti- enfants,les fermiersontpris des risques et continuer à les surveiller et à attendre les logiqueenseignée parunmaîtrehilarantet maitalorsquel'Étatdevaits'ingérerdansles ontenvoyéleursrejetonsàl'université. résultats. distrait, la littérature américaine dispensée affaires sociales seulement lorsque la situa- Comme il est étrange aujourd'hui de (BillBruneauestpTêsidmldel'ACPPU) parquelqu'un qui avaitégalementfait car- tion allait très mal, notamment pendantla penseràlacréativitédeceslibéraux.Qu'a-t-il rière en politique provinciale, et les mer- Crise. bien puarriverau libéralisme? En 1996,le veilleuxpartysd'étudiants. Toutefois,mêmeMackenzieKingaété discoursdeslibérauxestponctué desmots Je me souviens aussi de la visite de progressisteàsafaçonencréant,àlafindela compressions,efficacitéetrenouveauécono- politiciens notables, notamment Lester B. Seconde Guerre mondiale, les pensions de mique.Lemotcollectivitéestabsentdeleur Pearson, à l'automne 1963. Nous étions vieillesse, un programme fédéral d'aide aux vocabulaire,toutcommecesinstitutionscul- rassemblés dans une salle de l'édifice servicesdesantéetsociauxainsiqu'uneaide turellesquirendentpossiblelaco MemorialUnionpourécouterfePearsondes nationalepourlarechercheetledéveloppe- lectivitéetlaconfiance. meilleuresannées:Lepaysétaitunexemple ment.C'estàLouisSt-Lautentqu'estrevenue Les «nouveaux» libéi decivilité.Unesociéténepouvaitêtrecivile la responsabilité de mettre en pratique ces ontprisparerreurl'économie etbienveillantequesiles forces brutesdes programmes,d'unepartselonlesrecomman- pourdelapolitique.Ilsinvo- capitauxetdesintérêtsétrangersétaientcon- dationsdelaCommissionMassey,etd'autre quentlapauvreté ettentent tenues.PourPearson, lesuniversitésétaient partpourrépondreauximmenses transfor- de se soustraire à leurres- un microcosme desa vision du pays pour mations subies parlasociété etl'économie ponsabilité de bâtisseurs l'avenir. canadiennes. delacollectivitéetdelacul- II a parlé avec fierté de son appui à Cequiestextraordinaire,c'estquetous ture. LesterPearsondoitse l'enseignementetàlarechercheensciences ceschambardementssontsurvenusalorsque retourner dans sa tombe, humainesetsociales.11alouangelesénormes leCanadaétaitunpayspauvre.Eneffet,ona siqueMM.KingetSt- avantages, socio-économiques, directs et réagi à la Crise pendant que les Lautent. (M.Trudeau peut indirectsd'unenseignementsupérieurlarge- fondaient a vue d'oeil. On avait gagné la parlerpourlui- ment accessible et financé par les deniers guerre maisle trésorpublicétaitpresqueà même.) publics. Il a reconnu que l'autonomie de sec. Les anciens combattants ont pris le l'universitéétaituneconditionindispensable. chemindesuniversités,alorsenpleineebulli- Il a vanté l'essor économique régional et tion.Lesrégimesdepensionontétéimplan- la repartitiondurevenu. Dansun moment tés. Les Canadiens gagnaientcependantde Introduction What Heck the Has Happened to Liberalism? ByBillBruneau liriousmomentwethoughthewasgoingto Inmyprairievillage,farmershadvirtu- CAUTSACPPU MOSTOFUS,.ROMANTICIZEOURUN- atrigmuee(fNoartimoendailcamreed,icbautrehheacdautoghwtaihtimasceolufplien a1l9l5y0sn.oBduitspboescaabulseeitnhecroemewasuntailnetthweormkido-f BULLETIN dergraduatcdays.Forme,thememo- ofyears). schoolsanduniversities,increasinglyaccessi- riesareofexc—itementsattheUniversityof PearsonnotedthatLiberalshadcomea ble to their children, these people took Stmoaisnhkidasettodcrhyi,enwslatornguiccttora,uagAhcmtoembrpyieaclalhniilnalgriitioenursatltruyordaeubcgsteiinvoten-n fgsahoiovruelrwdnamyienntstei"rnvcee—neMaintchkseeoncibzeeitleyieofKnilntygh'awsthet"nhneegsaosttmiaevt-ee cohfantcHheosos,weanocdrdedasteiintvteisthiLeniibrtehrkiasildsys.eaoWrfhf1a9tto96"ttthhoeetUhh.ei"cnkk ExePcruéstiidveenDtDo/iPrnreaéclstdiodrCe/.nDtiS:raevBciatlgleeuBrrguénneéarual: bysomeonewhohadmadeaseparatecareer thinghadgoneseriouslywrong,as,forexam- has happened to Liberalism?The Liberals' AssociateExecutiveDirector/ ait1nhm9eop6rn3MAoegvntmidontochrgivieiaivlmaseiltpLusoesUlsibnttvyiieicronshtn,iBag.gaBhenuPdiePplaeogdralrisrienotsaignotc.na:iplnHaTreftthiihegeecsu.arnfemaasletli—otonof pbosliefeo,nWssoroB,hrmucfletetdGdehreWvireeaananlgtraMDoIsaIefscpiwkrsaoteenuasnnlszacdicietoeibnvfr.ioKsiritn,nhggeaiannltdtuohrlbndaye-naddtghoeseuoptceeinnatd-lo nptitcliahaltockyrseee.insaecn.nuwldoatlwurcao—olfnficinudbstteusint,tcueetnfifooiptncosiseostnfihcbailtecesomamainmknduenetichctoeoymn,mfoiumros--rt EdDiitMArodaervcnietaarelgtuiiArssnigsgniésgnLEtéLodaairuinnzaittadlso/erDAaC/dusiDRjsrh'oéocaAciduininlaétajcm:etoteiruGàokonel/raPdeuronbélndciahcPceiitftci:éhoèn: wasanexampleofcivilityatwork.Acivil services, and national assistance inresearch The"new"Liberalshavemistakeneco- etdiffusion:StellaMazzarolo and kindlysocietywaspossibleonlyifthe and development. It was for Louis St. nomics for polirics. The Liberals plead Translation/Traduction:LouiseCaron rawforcesofcapitalandforeigninterestwere Laurenttoputallthismorefullyintoprac- povertyandseektoescaperesponsibilityas GraphieDesign/Graphisme:KevinAlbert heldincheck.ForPearson,universitieswere tice, partly on the advice of the Massey builders of community and culture. Lester iwfabinoenonrndudmeilifrtPndeieseictaoatasfccritihn—saui—alornlneglysswcaopobhicnrfeeaidoncatculowedrhmsielae.edsyn.eehdlaHosryeppecohceakodceeincxnotethsmootseilfhiclbewe,lhhdeiho,dsulitmerhspaeeuunncbptailhpttiauoiicnogrelndetsy CchrwiheaonoascpmnnpopmgTomeienohensssnseeseidinwaeoetxCnrowtnaehrenaaiatanolrfhdrdealedilyilap-niCanDenaraegmrtsnppyloartrycaydetipisehaintisdtynlrirgyewoae.aanssnwsupTdarohsycne.peascotemoTohewnrahtoat.oemrwyihTth.uvwheegaatlenesls PmTtcgheeraoeannuvirtderbsBieruoumoaninitnulmndemdocMnusrfaetsa.nsttcTshisoserbhuprsereebstayeweKhkgh,iaicinfnnargognnlorciiuvarnhtnee.gingrsmdTntishtonmeoSrelethefrn.i)tetsf.hLsuigaannrrucdeakriavesnenoi,gnfg.tcnnhTsot(athhMtneehrgtsiy.eoes CpwTfSiPIoOuuhttcMpbntpbiwlytlilCilratoCéalrnuohAnnolonthbaUp)rltdUaTdriilrMa'tanutBBnRnïhudaitlAiïuSvlipojfldicKirurhiroIowliomçfdhiachi6iuoau1*irJnt.oCMiuliinA2nolpoe2nÛUulI6n-Tbo7n1Acli5divaJwbG,u.tn7iiu.hradtÛitpdadh.dIdcigioeSutenolSi!nNmihdnntAtn0eienwi0liaui0andit,7drbo-tmieuudn7ri8tnwiPO3pdoouw7inlptaiokt<rJcftrlnyri.imocvSOvllftOwe,luf!ucitt'fawotcIo.nutnipdfcObtmuttyuIIhhte fundedhighereducation.Herecognizedthat came back to burgeoning universities, and verythings.Andindoingsotheyreturnto ubmnreianvgetgresaidntdya-baiounutctoomnreoegmrieyodinwsatlarsiebauctoisnoinone.mi<Fjcohhrdnoeovnne.elodHpee-- pohneolnpyseitoohnfesbmecotatsmetre.moind,esaltlowfheinncoCmaensa,diaanndslihtatlde tbheewfa(irtBsictl,hliaBnrngudnaetnahduetwisrauiPretéisn"igLd.iaibteroaflCRAeUcTo.r)d."We'll Imleto«Bn(updltltrettwionpiitdfHtTclia'nbAanCdPiiPe|UnuiimnuiTp1u'uatbdjhutt.amtloaiyopntintImS:iS3tN1r0e000i00c7m-aÎPiSJnSpt7atdl*wicthadqaume ÉDITION SPÉCIALE 2 OCTOBER 1996 OCTOBRE The Liberal Record in 1996 Le bilan des libéraux de 1996 JodCttumpooiirooniaoneitmncmartrugFeamyeenrPinftieensonltatteefaarocetcebncdurtceadrctspheelsoteorafcsranoosncusuno,rtmog-recnanetCogeaotnth.ehtmeaibesaeiditn-Caniiucubuliroeeoptabnngd,mabnooaurarJcatlncaodanechsawndkptttboursrhiwafhiaaeseooh.rpimgtrnsaypgiruh,T,tteroeshi1tovbteret9Sswaueeya.9tctsnreb6aehomInlnatbtuytmrtcdeihscesohibtathtnnaaehtc,agt,neunnrsgytoiaCtgo"betntheoAamnisetsmcubooaeeksmevncvnedstiaaoedx.,mtltnrspiatTetoettpoihdernhhnniaaiee-ee,-sss- Jfvtdnbdudlai'iinroeaeanniéminsr,cuveavsnre,enePhoerrcvéenitlsmeéltetsaedrsaeeslnsiernraplt,tsaynteaaopcstspdbnrecahdal,onoêisnmeétctnossecprétlnreoeedildépnennecpusdrorulhciiruemojohdsacariiaro,echuaxnqiinoavxtuxmt—dniénaeeiserdgdi.reéeelsurndemnEéu1ncêaleCCd9ceetltnouo9tesritiqs6mimeoru,.oiianneinctatueisLlé«ésdbeePepodldsslsouipéoe.'itieiedresnsvrfééxctqePhdampehunourçenadaetrcoon'nnttfnmesegpelioneoaneeonétàsusrtnqcrvgusct—aêqioodoivtluuiennoeri-esire-nre-l sicnigeoncueraencdontoemcihcnofluotguyr;e.t"heyareessentialtobuild- lla'étdeuccahtnioolno,gilaereesctheurcnhee,prli'oirnintoévantaitoino,nalales,ciceanrceceets The Liberals have been in power now for three activitéssontessentiellespourassurerl'avenir.» years. Itseemstheystill speakofthe prioritiesof Les libéraux sont au pouvoir depuis maintenant epBuodlrultceatttihineoenrxhaaemntiodrnierces?setTahhreicshq.usepBseucttiiaoldno.eedsittihoenirofretchoerdCAsuUpT- tepranorciloserneta.nfsLa.eirueLr'pbéiadlruatcnia,etcidoeenpelneedtuarnslta,prreisoetrc-iihtleéàrsclhpaeuhisasquuet'meiblulsreednnet leurdiscours?CetteéditionspécialeduBulletinde l'ACPPUexaminelaquestion. À Inside l'intérieur R&D 4 RetD S OCTOBER 1996 OCTOBRE 3 SPECIAL EDITION Le bilan des libéra—ux What The Domino Cuts Effect FederalPolicies btieonp,u"blDirc..LTohreimpearpesrasid.if"rIetcseiavgeesndshaosuhlodulbde Create Crisis in University available, and its advice to government ResearchFunding shouldbepublished." Sheurgedthegovernmenttoprovidea cRriEsiCsciEinesNunhTiavveeFrsEciDlteEyaRrrlAeyLseparGreOcchiVp—EitRaNtteMhdiEsaNdfTesupnPidOtiLeIn-ga pswfiiooltirlynmdatcleeodpmremotnuuodtneitohtineynt.taohdeSvthhiqieussaolrapilyrtsoyoccoeonusfnoscttifheloedr.pttSehhrheasetounnumsiruvgaeceprhd-- centuryofcommitmentatCanadianuniver- thattherebeanappropriatenumberofrep- sitiestobothbasicandappliedresearchpro- resentativesoftheacademiccommunityand jects.WhenArthurMaywaspresidentofthe thattheybebothbenchscientistsaswellas NaturalSciencesandEngineeringResearch adminMiRstCr,atNorSsE.RC,SSHRCC—Despitethe grCeeosruenoacrficlhb,ehcaenodmwianrdgneevadelTtohhpiamrtedCnatW.noardTlahdiwscaosuhnaitnsrdynaonit-n CroecmommimtetnedeaotvieornstwoofstuhceceCssoimvemyoenarssFthiantantchee funds for the granting councils be main- changed. Canada is still behind most Organi- tained,newcutswereannouncedintheesti- zDfaoetrvimeoalnnocpefm.oernOtEucrcoonuionntmvrieicsetsmCeionn-toiptiesnraRtu&inioDvnerpsaeinrtd-y cuts itsown resaenadrcfhedperroaglralmasbs,.tWhihsefrneqtuheefnetdleyrahlasgoivmemrendmieantte mbautdegsTethtehfaotrSwtSheHenRtcCuw'rirstehngttrfhaienstcbasul—dyageenatdr.hfaesldlorwosphpiepds Rpa&rtDicullaagrslybtehheinScdanmdainnyaviOaEnCcoDuntcroiuenstraineds effects on researchersandgraduatestudents in theuniversities. tforojmustthuend$e8r8.$77m9ilmliilolnioSnSHRaCshtaesepadweacrldiende the Netherlands. The National Research The $12 million cut in theresearch capacity ofAJECL isa forresearchandgraduatestudenttrainingin Councilbeganfundinguniversityresearchto- goodexample. This includes the laboratory whereBertram thesocialsciencesandhumanitiesduringthe wardstheendofWorldWarI.AfterWorld precedingyear(1995-96). WarIItherewasadramaticincreaseinthe Brockhouse didhisNobel-prizewinning research. The media have AtNSERC, theCollaborative Project scopeThoefufneidveerraslitgyorveesrenarmcehn.trecognizedthe highlightedtheattacks on theFreshwaterInstituteandits GOrcatnotbser(1C9P9G5),tphroouggrhaemxiwstaisngtgerramnitnsawtieldlbien importanceofscienceinthewareffortand ExperimentalLakesprogram. The vicissitudesofthe Green Plan honoured.TheCollaborativeSpecialProjects hreeaavliilzyedonthreespeoarscthwaarndedceovneolmoypmwenotuladswreellly suggests thatresearch on theenvironmentmay suffersignificantly. progTrhaemhgaosvealrsnombeenetnltiesrtmeinneadtteod.oneofthe asneedingaconcomitantincreaseinknowl- Uncertainty hangs overATDSresearch. On theotherhand, argumentsintheNABSTReport,Healthy, aenddgeitsabilolsu.tCanadiansociety, itssuccesses thegovernmentcommitted $16.6 million over5years to the mWielalltihoynafnudnWdisteo.iItnvdesetciigdaetdewthoacrrewaotrekas$a6n5d Thepostwaryearssawthecreationof budgetofTRIUMFatthe University ofBritish Columbia and whatdoesnotinCanada'shealthcaresystem. thethreefederalresearchcouncilswhichhave ThisfundwillbeadministeredbyMRC.It beenthekeyengineinthedevelopmentof increasedthefundingfortheSudburyNeutrino Observatory. willinvitepartnershipsfromtheprovinces university-basedresearchinrecentdecades. Ron Irwin also announcedthat the cuts to universityfunding of andtheprivatesector. Thecouncilsthemselvesarehighlyregarded CAUTandAUCCsupportedthisfund aroundtheworld,andtheyhavehelpedto thePolar ContinentalShelfProjectwill be restored. inprinciple.CAUTconsidersthereshould makeCanadianresearchinternationallycom- be collaboration with SSHRCC on the petitive. project. Researchanddevelopmentwasmuchde- ment'sownscientificactivitiesinsupportof searchanddevelopmentatStatisticsCanada. Whilepleasedaboutthenewfund,Dr. batedduringtheMulroneyyears.Therewere thisend."Theoverridingpurposeistoen- Dr. Lorimer also noted earlier announce- Friesen,thepresidentofMRC,voicedcon- someimportantinitiativessuchasthecre- couragethetransfer,commercializationand mentswhichhadadirectbearingonuniver- cernthatbecauseofcontinuingfiscaldiffi- ationoftheGreenPlan.TheConservatives diffusionoftechnology. sity research such as the joint program culties,MRC'sbasebudgetwasfurtherre- maintained the fundingofthe federalre- Inthiscontextuniversityresearchgot betweenSSHRCC,CitizenshipandImmi- duced by three per cent for 1998-99, search councils. However, theyseemed to short shrift. Both AUCC and CAUT gration,andotherfederaldepartmentsfor followingthepreviouscutsannouncedinthe lackacoherentplantoguidetheirresearch protested.AUCCtoldthegovernmentthat researchonimmigrationpolicy. 1995federalbudget. — policy. — itsstrategy"fallsshortofthefrontendof Howevet, she expressed great disap- NetworkofCentresofExcellence The TheScienceandTechnologyReview When itsbasicunderlyingequation.Thereisno pointmentaboutthetreatmentoftheuniver- governmentmaintainedtheprogramof14 theLiberalscametopower,theylauncheda doubtthatCanadaneedstoenhanceitstech- sitysectorin theScienceandTechnology centres,droppingfourandaddingfournew full-scale review of Canada's science and nologyandtransfercapability.However,itis Reviewandexpressedconcernabouttheex- ones.However,therealquestioniswhether technologypolicies.JohnManley,theminis- shortsightedtobelievethatthisobjectivecan istingandproposedfederalstructuresrelat- theprogramwillberenewedin1998atthe terresponsibleforIndustryCanadaandDr. beachievedattheexpenseofitsinvestments ingtoresearch. sameleveloffunding.Therehasbeensome Jon Gerrard, the Secretary of State for inknowledgecreation." Dr.Lorimersaidtherewasaconcernin indicationthatpartofthefundingatleast Science,ResearchandDevelopmentspon- Itarguedthatuniversityresearchisone the university community that Industry mightbecomepermanent, but thedimen- soredanationalconsultation. oftheprincipalgeneratorsofjobgrowthin Canadawassimplynotinterestedinuniversi- sionsofthegovernment'ssupportarenotyet CAUTwelcomedthisandparticipated thiscountryanditcitedEricNewell,CEO tyresearchandthatnooneseemedmandated known. — atalllevels.Therewasthennothingbutsi- ofSyncrudcofCanada,whospokeatare- toworkwiththeuniversitiesandcollegesin OtherFederalAgencies The budget lence.Variousanonymousvoiceswithinthe centAUCCmeetingaboutthebasicuniver- thesamemannetastheministryworkswith continuedtheattackonotherfederalagen- government suggested powerful ministers sityresearchwhichtransformedhisentirein- companiesintheprivatesector. ciesthatsupportuniversityresearchsuchas wereopposedtoanyscienceorresearchpoli- dustryandhelpedmakeittheviableindustry Shealsoexpressedreservationsaboutthe the National Library and the National cyasweresignificantplayersintheFinance itistoday. proposedstructureforadvicetothegovern- Archives.Theirbudgetswerecutby8.4per Departmentdespitethecommitmentsmade Dr. Joyce Lorimer, then president of mentannouncedinthereview.NABSTwill centand14.6percent. intheLiberalRedBook. CAUT,wrotetoDr.Gerrardexpressingsim- beabolishedandreplacedbyanewAdvisory Foreignaidwascut14percentoverthe EventuallythehandoftheCabinetwas ilar sentiments. She noted the hard work Council onScienceandTechnologycom- next three years. Between 1994-95 and forcedbythepublicationoftheresponseof bothheandMr.Manleyhadputintothe posedofdistinguishedindividualsfromout- 1998-99,thisassistancewillhavedecreased theNationalAdvisoryBoardonScienceand creationofascienceandtechnologystrategy sidethegovernment. by34.3percent.CIDAfundsimportantop- Technology (NABST) entitled, Healthy, overtheobjectionsofsomeoftheircol- Unlike NABST this Council will no erationalanddevelopmentworkintheThird WealthyandWise.Finallythereviewwaspub- leagues. longergenerateitsownreports.Itwillreview World. Higher education is a significant lisheAdsshAorUtlCyCaftneorttehde,1"9t9h6ebsutdrgaette.gyisde- itiveSrheeceanltsosingontsedsutchhatasthtehreenweerwehseoamltehpsoesr-- tphoretsd.epItaratpmpeenartsalitewsitlilmdatoesthiasndinasnencureatlarned- ptlhearyeerwiilnltbheissuwbosrtkan,tiaanldcuittsseteompsroligkrealmysthiant- !msiogrneedacttoiveenptairctenetrheinprtihveatceousnetcrtyo'rstionnboeva-a vNiSceEsRCresteoarccrheatfeunadn,intvheestmpeenrtmifsusnido,nantdo rmeepnotrtCodmimreictttlyeetoofthceabiEnceot.nomicDevelop- volviRnegsetahrechhIingfhrearsterduuctcuartei—oncAolmlmtuhneisetyd.evel- tionsystemandtorestructurethegovern- thedecisiontofundproperstatisticsonre- "Wethinkitshouldbeanopeninstitu- opmentsindicatethatthereisamajorcrisis ÉDITION SPÉCIALE 4 OCTOBER 1996 OCTOBRE The Liberal Record R&D Mean to Will for Universities in thefundingofuniversityresearch.The guerreapermisàlascienced'êtrereconnue participéàtouslesniveaux.Onn'aplusen- definancerdesétudesstatistiquespertinentes consequencehasbeenanunprecedentedal- parlegouvernementfédéralquis'estrendu tenduparlerderienparlasuite.Selondiver- sur la recherche et le développement à lianceofuniversitypresidents,facultyandre- comptequel'économiedel'après-guerrere- sessourcesanonymesauseindugouverne- StatistiqueCanada.Elleaégalementsignalé searchers through AUCC,CAUTand the poseraiténormémentsurlarechercheetle ment, des ministres influents ainsi que desannoncesfaitesantérieurementquionteu NationalConsortiumonthissubject. développement.Ilestégalementdevenuévi- d'importants joueurs du ministère des deseffetsdirectssurlarechercheuniversi- ThisfirstmanifesteditselfinJunewhen dent qu'il faudrait augmenter par le fait Financessesontopposésàtoutepolitiqueen taire,notammentleprogrammeconjointdu the stakeholders intheuniversityresearch mêmelesconnaissancessurlasociétécana- matièredescienceetdetechnologiemalgré CRSH,duministèredelaCitoyennetéetde communitymetwithPaulMartinandJohn dienne,sursesréussitesetsesfaiblesses. lesengagementsprisdansleLivrerouge.Le l'Immigrationetd'autresministèresfédéraux Manleytooutlinetheirconcerns.Theconse- Lesannéesdel'après-guerreontétété- Cabinets'estfinalementfaitforcerlamainà pourlarecherchesurunepolitiqued'immi- quenceofrhatmeetingwasageneralrealiza- moindelacréationdetroisconseilsfédéraux lasuitedelapublicationdelaréponsedu gration. tionthatthecommunityhadtomoverapidly derecherches,figuresdeprouedel'essordela Conseilconsultatifnationaldesscienceset Elles'esttoutefoismontréetrèsdéçuedu tocomeupwithconcretefundingsugges- rechercheuniversitaireaucoursdesdernières delatechnologie(CCNST)intituléLasanté, traitementaccordéausecteuruniversitaire tionstomeetrealproblems.Thetimefor décennies.Lesconseilsderecherchesjouis- larichesseetlasagesse.L'examenaétérendupu- danslecadredel'examendessciencesetdela lamentationwaspassed. sentd'ailleursd'unegranderépurationdans blicpeuaprèslediscoursdubudgetde1996. technologie. The prime minister then opened the lemondeetilsontcontribuéàrendtecon- Commel'asignalél'AUCC,lastratégie Elleafaitpartdesoninquiétudequant doorbycallingafirstministers'conferencein currentiellesurlascènemondialelarecherche viseàforcerlesecteurprivéàparriciperplus auxstructuresfédéralesactuellesetcellesqui Juneandsuggestingasecondnationalinfra- effectuéeauCanada. activementauprogrammed'innovationetà sontproposées pourlarecherche. Elle a structureprogram. L'ACPPUcraintquelegouvernement restructurerlesactivitésscientifiquesdugou- ajoutéquelemilieuuniversitaireétaitpréoc- Onwhat,however,wouldinfrastructure fédéralgaspillecesgrandesréalisationsau vernementàcettefin.Lebutprimordialest cupé par le désintérêt du ministère de moneybespent?PremierRomanowsuggest- lieudeconsolidercequiadéjàétéaccompli. d'encouragerletransfert,lacommercialisa- l'Industrieenverslarechercheuniversitaiteet edthatthereshouldbeasignificantprogram Lorsqu'il était président du Conseil de tionetladiffusiondelatechnologie. parl'absencedemandatairepourtravailler ofsupportforresearchanddevelopment. recherchesensciencesnaturellesetengénie, Danscecontexte,larechercheuniversi- aveclesuniversitésetlescollègesàl'instardes AUCC,CAUTandtheNationalConsortium ArthurMayamisengardeleCanadacontre taireaététraitéesansménagement.L'AUCC entreprisesdusecteurprivé. thencombinedtosupportthisideaandto ledangerdedevenirunpaysduTiers-Monde etI'ACPPUontprotesté.L'AUCCaditau Elleaenoutreexprimédesréservesau arguethatasubstantialportion(20percent) enrechercheetdéveloppement.Cettemiseen gouvernement que sa stratégie était loin sujetdelastructureproposéepourconseiller ofanyinfrastructureprogramshouldbede- gardedemeurecarleCanadaseclasseencore d'avoiratteintsesobjectifslesplusélémen- legouvernementetquiaétéannoncéedans votedtouniversiryresearch. derrièrelaplupartdespaysdel'OCDEdu taires.L'AUCCaajoutéqueleCanadaavait lerapportdel'examendessciencesetdes If the second infrastructure program pointdevuedesontendementenrecherche sansl'ombred'undoutebesoind'améliorer technologies.LeCCNSTseraeneffetaboli wereonthesamescaleasthefirst,thiswould et développement. L'investissement du satechnologieersacapacitédetransfert.A etremplacéparunnouveauconseilconsul- involve$1.2billion.Thereseemstobesup- Canadadanslarechercheetledéveloppe- son avis, c'esr manquerde vision que de tatifsurlessciencesetlatechnologie.IIsera portintheLiberalcaucuswherethereiscon- mentuniversitairesesitueloinderrièrede croirequecetobjectifpeutêtreatteintau composéd'éminentsspécialistesdel'extérieur cernthattheLiberalsappeartohaveignored nombreuxpaysdel'OCDE,notammentles prixdesesinvestissementsdanslaproduc- dugouvernement.AucontraireduCCNST, theirRedBookpromises. paysScandinavesetlesPays-Bas. riondesconnaissances.L'AUCCasoutenu ceconseilneproduiraplusderapports.Ilexa- Thethreeorganizationsarenowwork- Larechercheetledéveloppementasus- quelarechercheuniversitaireétaitl'undes mineralesprévisionsetlesrapportsannuels ingonalargerpackageofsupportforre- citébeaucoupdedébatspendantlesannées principauxfacteursdecréationd'emploisau des ministères. Il semble que ses travaux searchwhichtheyhopetoreleasebytheend oùMulroneyétaitaupouvoir.Desinitiatives paysetacitéEricNewell,pdgdeSyncrudc serontconfidentielsetqu'ilrelèveradirecte- ofOctobet. importantes ont été mises en oeuvre, Canada Ltd. S'adressant aux participant ment du Comité du Cabinet chargé du entre autres la création duPlan vert. Les d'unerécenteréuniondel'AUCC.M.Newell développementéconomiqueetrégional. Lapolitiquefédérale Conservateursontmaintenulefinancement adéclaréquelarechercheunîversirairefonda- MmcLorimers'estopposéeàceprojet desconseilsfédérauxderecherches.Illeur mentaleavaittransformétouresonindustrie etadéclaréquelenouvelorganismedevait en matière de recherche manquaittoutefoisunplancohérentpour etavaitcontribuéàsaviabilité. êtretransparentetquesonprogrammedevait orienter leur politique en matiète de MmeJoyceLorimer,alorsprésidentede êtrepublic.Lesdocumentsqu'ilreçoitde- DEPUISPLUSDECENTANS,LESUN1- recherche. — I'ACPPU,aécritauDrGerrardpourluifaire vraitêtredisponibleetlesavisqu'ildonneau versités canadiennes sont engagées L'examendessciencesetdelatechnologie part d'un message analogue. Elle lui a gouvernementdevraientêtrerenduspublics. danslarechetchefondamentaleetappliquée. Àleurarrivéeaupouvoir,lesLibérauxont soulignélasommedetravailqueluietM. Elleavivementconseilléaugouverne- Cetengagements'estd'abordmanifestéen décidéd'effecrucrun examencompletdes Manleyavaitinvestidanslacréationd'une menrdeprévoirunmécanismeofficielpour médecine,ensciencesnaturelles,engénieet politiquescanadiennesenmatièredescience stratégieenmatièredescienceetdetechnolo- lemilieuuniversitaire.Elleajouréquelaréus- en agriculture. Le Conseil national de et de technologie. M. Manley, ministre giemalgrél'oppositiondecertainsdeleurs site du projet dépendrait beaucoup de la recherchesduCanadaacommencéàsubven- responsable d'Industrie Canada, et le Dr collègues.Elleaégalementfaitétatd'exem- qualitédespersonnesnomméesauconseil tionnerlarechercheuniversitaireverslafinde Gcrrard,secrétaired'EtatauxSciences,à.la plespositifs,entreautreslenouveaufondsde consultatif. Ellea fortement recommandé la Première Guerre mondiale. Après la Recherche erauDéveloppement, ontpar- recherchedanslesservicesdesoinsdesanté, quelemilieuuniversitairesoitsuffisamment SecondeGuerremondiale,larechercheuni- rainéuneconsulrationnationale.L'ACPPUa la permission accordée au CRSNG pour VoirRetD...àlapage6 1®" versitaire a pris de l'ampleur. L'effort de accueillifavorablementcetteinitiativeetya créerunfondsd'investissementetladécision The Librarian: A Database Software to Organize and Manage Your Personal Library cTohlelecLtiiobnraorfiarnefelreetnsceys.ouYoguetcaonrgiadnenitziefdyikmemeepdiinagtetlryacikfyoofuhyaovuer TTihtilseoprerAsboonuatl),dyaetaarbaosfepucbalnicbaetiosne,aracnhyedtexutsifnrgomautthheoRrenmaamrekss,fikeelyd,woarnddsID(wnourmdbserf,roomr ProductDescriptionOrderrUnoirtmPrice Sub-Total aloccoatpiyngoftahenafirlteicloer.fNooldemrorfeordyuopulircaatcequciorpeides!peNrsoonmaolrecofpryustorfatainoyn Tanhyecocmobmipnlaettieonpaocfktahgeesewiitetmhs.all these features, costs a fraction ofother similar TheLibrarian $145 reference!TheLibrariantransformsafrustratingtaskofreference packages.Again,thoseotherpackageslackmanyofIhesefeaturesandarenotasuser- ShippingandHandling $6.50 management into a user-friendly and enjoyable exercise. This friendlyasTheLibrarian. (Nochargeifpaymentisenclosed) Windows-baseddatabasesoftwarecanbeusedtoorganizeaswell Canadianresidents,add7%GST astodevelopyourowndatabaseofreferentialmaterials.Themajor #897365086RT featuresofTheLibrarianarc: Ontarioresidents,add8%PST •yYoouurcainntebrueisltdawhdiactahbasceanofjboeurniatlemainzdedconafcecroerndciengartitcolestohef 90-daymoney-backguarantee. Total •jYiotoueurmnsaclaat/ncaotanlifsmeoer.ednecveeltiotples,aasnedarcchaanblbeeesleeacrtcrhoneidcfolriboranreyoorfmyooruer CPlheeaqsueei/nBvaonickeDmrea.ft/PurchaseOrderenclosed. reports, proposals, books, theses, patents, slides, art works, ppehrostoongarlapchosm,mucnoimcpauttieornss,ofatuwdairoe,cadssreatwtiensg,sv,idceoompcaustseetrtedsi,skeettct.es, OArdgdarneiszsa:tion:_ •Thesearchedlistmaybedisplayed,printed,orappendedtoa document. EachrecordofTheLibrariandatabaseconsistsofthefollowing ff(iiover)ldtsh:Seo(yuie)racAreuotfhfoiperulbdlfiiecflaodtrifoontr,het(hieitii)ntlaTeimteloesffoitfehltdehfejoorauuttrhhneoarltsi,tloe(rioi)fcYroeneffaeerrrefenincecele,d LicNeansmeee.anPldeoarsgeanmiazkateioennlwialrtgbeedpcroipnyteodfitnhitshefosromftbweafroereaswrtihteing prarnogcee,edi(nv)gsA,bothuetvfoielludmetoneuxmpbleairn,birsiseufelynwuhmabetr,theanrdefetrheencpeagies GeoResMeaialrcchtaxInjtuetrorndaetritoo.'nalInc. about,(vi)Remarksfieldtowriteyourremarks,and(vii)IDfield 1633MeadowbrookRoad.Ottawa,Ontario tcoollgeicvteioann.identificationorfilenumbertothereferencesofyour thelistsofJournals,Conferences,andOthersareuser-definable. CanadaK1B4W6 Fax:(613)741-3972 OCTOBER 1996 OCTOBRE SPECIAL EDITION Le bilan des libér—aux The Domino What Effect Cuts ESt1Suitedelapage5 EMnegdiinceaelriRnegsReeasrecahrcChouCnocuinlci(lM(RNCSE)RaCn)d,tthhee représentetantpardesscientifiquesdelabo- Social Sciences and Humanities Research ratoirequepardesadministrateurs. — Council (SSHRC) totalled over $800 LeCRM,leCRSHetleCRSNC Bien million. queleComitédesfinancesdelaChambredes AsforfuturefundingfortheGranting communesaitrecommandépendantdeuxan- Councils,thefederalgovernmentiscommit- néessuccessiveslemaintienaumoinsdesen- tedtosupportingitsinvestmentinuniversity veloppes budgétaires,denouvellescoupes researchtothegreatestextentpossible,Itis ontétéannoncéesdanslesdocumentsbudgé- importanttonotethat,intheMarch 1996 tairesaccompagnantlebudget. Budget,theCouncilsweretreatedequallyto Lebudgetdessubventionsetdesbourses othergovernmentdepartmentsandagencies duCRSHpourl'exercicefinancierencoursa withregardtothe3.5percentefficiencysav- fléchisousles79millionsdedollars,une ing in 1998-99. However, in last year's baisseexcessiveparrapportaux88,7millions Budget, the budgets of the Granting de dollars que le conseil octroyaient à Councilswerereducedbylessthanthoseof larechercheetàlaformationdesétudiants mostothereconomicactivities. de2eet3ecyclesensciencessocialeseten Inthefaceoffiscalconstraints,therearc sciences humaines pendanr l'année précé- innovativepartnershipsbeingdevelopedwith dente(1995-1996). theprivatesectorasameansofsustaining AuCRSNG.leprogrammedesubven- support for researchers. The Canadian tionsdeprojetsconcertésaprisfinenocto- ^ MedicalDiscoveriesFundisonesuchinitia- bre 1995.Toutefois,lessubventionsdéjàoc- | tive.Inaddition,NSERCisinvolvedinthe troyéesserontrespectées.Leprogrammede E| creationofan investmentfundtoprovide subventionsàdesprojetscollectifsspéciauxa 2 supportforresearchemergingfromthenat- aussiprisfin. | uralsciencesandengineering. Legouvernements'estcependantrendu | Finally, it is worth noting that the àl'undesargumentsdurapportduCCNST, | GrantingCouncilshaveworkedinconjunc- Lasanté,larichesseetlasagesse.Ilaainsidécidé g tionwithanumberofgovernmentdepart- decréerunfondsde65millionsdedollars ë ments on such recent initiatives as the poureffectuerdesrecherchessurlesbon TechnologyTransferProgram,theNetworks csoatnétséecTanleasdileanc.unLesedCuRsMystaèdmmeindiestsroeirnasdc<i oPrfojCeecntt.resofExcellenceandtheMetropolis eaftpopndduusyséeercetinenuvprirrpeirrniacviéd.peesLpl'eaArptCreoPnjaPeitUr.eesLtd'ÏeA'sCApPUroPCvCUinoecnse-ts 1' oPafrttnhIeenristthhiirapeteePdrGoriganrnatMmianr(gcThCPoPu1)n9c9ii5sl,astjahoneidnTtIencvhdenunostltuorrgyey time qu'une collaboration avec le CRSH Canada.TPP,anewapproachtogetuniversi- lseerDairtFnréiceessesna,irper.ésHieduernteudxudCeRcMet,teaitnoiuttiaetfiovies, thyelprseseCaarncahdiiantnostmhaell-maarknedtpmleadcieumq-usicikzleyd, faitpartdesespréoccupations.Enraisonde companiesanduniversitiesturnuniversity dbiafsfeicdulutéCsfRinMancaièsruebsicdo'nasuttarnetsesc,olmepbruedsgseitondse al'aUcncirvuerslietéfdienlaancCoelmoemnbtie-qub'riiltanfnoiurqnuiet,età tdeenutxiioènmedeprloagrreacmhemrecheestudneivlearsmitêamiree.enSvierl-e ptreocdhuncotlso,gypraoncdesisdeesasanindtosenrveiwceas.ndByimpparrtoivceid- vdabeeuuxrd3gnLeecpetmo.eurf1énpés0dteeé0sarauaplacdonoeudtnerécsereni11tre99rvu9e9érs58e.-dlse'e1axp9cnr9enl9olo,gennrqccaeuéim—emsfeodLndtaeenssgsuoi1utl-4ee lLqnp'luaOhanbtioclesneaeroumérrtevaacanbobtltnloiteriuianrniRieetvoneltnrdeasseliItsrapnooiwelmriuaemniterdraesui.nerponresotojrueadttn—ercdeh'éSaéeutsndunbddoueunrdcyfiué.- lgpcdehuuusiryfLeecfirarbeuqcrécuearutieasttueàxlleiibnd1é'é,prae2raielaem,mlniiotldetleprsisa,aqsrdudcétseepetdnulteu'teoéndlspoelsursl'roeaisprnmsopqb.urrlioteAèmintueoetsnsqsaeuepises-ne aoepptxlafepitleaijodnoitgbteRsictn&hfhonetDrhotelCeaoapcngnrhydaondgowdirlheaaoinmmlgso,ey.nusccntooirmmvmaepertasrenicititieahesleslacfyraeenaasnadibdbolieclaripteto--y r—oldPscvrsssoegdqpoepvpcqmes'éeltutoeclnueanoeueùroeuneaIeprcuissbattrnureuaan.mqialh,epditnnvsnrBtLrumb1enlneoulertCerDdreeetsielml9tatc'dreirnbv'mieaenrumslcoteeseceee'9eesaeleiséttasuue,htansrinuu8tntarttbCrnduite.dsrvmta.smeteuuuat'aateuédriudpanf.xedroalvdcrmsnaneepeorouLetipsanuLeguacsosiavsooremaitcéut'certBsa.eumdtnussnrsiiroparit,erinspetanrafnnvlrioêeCilsaoéieesfsnecaqcenolmlsenumrlnceslleetmoLgpe'pSxtaisocuakeperqeemricanpoetImprunanhtursnaepmmtodéelnuinrsDgrqioientmenpiraormdilncratAucpuoimltt1euaévumhéappunh'.ocpvseeeg6éesuxaclanrrdeinueoouseanr,eî.srieqtneresaclunDrdsbd6nxius,aecrnumtldr'ieaeeruLaohnemdseiaetnrasNrmedeteienctdfoéeboassulmieèotpgrrsashsne.ounitlqgbanàeeifeeetlsrrqcstlrtcrneauttvrfd'ohoOheui.Éteueleslieusceaieaannoniintelde.cnterphnnupnretsCeetrcislpeseas7acqsgprheaaseLeuplsrnnboeed2guàrTsrésneiaretidscrelsioreiadugtobos,ReefeeltccemnnemofdaasgméccueaIphniretmlemlbuudeacrsddhobeloeoaseUéasboeauentoéenroalutsujxldguigsmdtnMponrrncràiovemorlerioroe.grmtachadeoiueFaumdamueuneoireuhîrnnrelrltll,esIu--sse--exet-ttsstaeséarél mcÏnlcdmtLpddmdttMpliprEllrrfaeae'naiohaeelieeeeeee'eaaen'ltviirtenraeiucemvmmcunmA,nertnAtittvrcrrihrpehepsxeetfUlsêco,eeecClseoentrnsriLneCnomhimviarrndPea'tpo.èedairenmyeClomccdistiemlP^onnnn'mulusioit,hnehqeciItiiduutrUpxefrénlsedsenueecsacdssrenruioqésletnartoeaecrsusepucurdcrupsr'srdertnrpétcntieeortstet'luemeuerrcîéAvsrr2draneucnruléivranpooeorulné.Co0etRcedcmanerricelositeqeigsegoiPriueemotsvCuuLndut.upls,nrsuucirsePrstaroedem.aaiirtqtrohn,asaMdipnrUnetelsnrarredauf,oémsp1amapeiiustsarétetae'nndjervtii0'muimecoianeusréurdeaeteolylu0hsaoeerees,idsePlmeullenlneewctilntseeiaaxedovpdsepneerio-ulidèuninrapauaaoranmeetncuralvefCjsrpecprnntccvpearsterucumtpriooupeseatfratohiiegldiorenntnMniitimreèmnrceod'ntfeetonfnsaterqesaetaoishtneaeeecnmpéunlennnorteatghadpsrprpoaoocctiseertlilrteneerrserierrsrienefecof.nttiedonoiansréosdeudfhmnltsuécbpindmpqcmreaspeaeeéuedreroléoelLutoeuntlmto'n?osapdnèesuuTasmmt'faseettieurdtmnveeotmaoiitteLAatadveiérerarinpjdinneruriàeenvseUoesideorettsaaarmJpsepsrtrc.tneCéutenelvirpopaooqtàc'-ucricansrCrpcilhiuuuuddLuenoéeoeiuéeneieenll,lnereenri-nn-.-e----x.-s--asaa rpdtcnu9atetdematXctreonuiiireicdhe6ocuevseiebtoAVtmgnrmoaifnaevnliutepoolttnasseacbioLiieT'ieuncLorirvdcenuvlsitcgishenrossmciedslliaKe.htsditehybietgoeftnt'mryttNc,irelomiihfeItayatsobacoOeveetihntcortiueiuntneenisarRtrtWgxerrrllnlatlehsteroepgitLekyiat.esh.selisfchnetcsBhieEetsse&ofbroohnhiuesrahaeiyreineTDemderfinrrtaefspisrshcGcccrAamtJDougdtectthrhcocreGaeEi'ohrrno,ihhuhrerardinoetavegeranianuicnntAiepaaeenonnecagtcotinlrniNnsqtNatGdrfrooavvaufnusldaiinebseetDvaiso',mnstarCtitteitnrreegcrtmsuegorliohreIemdronhoC.oersarnonenxdaCulaNtnaisoaenmoctectmoa'nFtasesulrtefeaiuisbnisnCelhOmndtnotincpypdnldroatsinnRgSlicreieèueoao'fn,lcioMeronrresnusasianjtancAee.dm.gtenueteldecsnuThhmtpnthdpdIaeaotnteecIeipinaguieodieknnrroOovtrrnebr1swncecervdaNmentee9hroomhetgosnfhcesl9rawarieiBevldooaino5llninnnsnaoErugcttd-nw--de-g-w-g-t-ey apSaiJNctieawonnatmlvipGItiCcisareiuomvcnneonnoeonerrMevCrcetclvserdgpmclnrddoaewsnetaEyeeubrorsthouikEgunseitrsntsuroutstngTTsssrtrntitit11siioenvaoriotyuroaeehiesdl49psifpbethatrlinbssmdne9eCv0rplohiane,aysowgyo,igs5eefrtloaessovcaregfntfhnrei,an-ecfCgarymnwirgatessncmcFeneEeaacrneaidoahoneeiapfCdxloxdedtnrtptatlsgittklcedierosuefatoaaertlmfoyieorcsrmiuigiuna.redadelot-oagoyltaihmannndCntbgclaelisinhiectfo,rfcsiglatnedehatn.an,eeIviokfionisnengiteadgtnssasaeersecrklsgimuranoo.itirhneamrtgseIssoseppdlv1aenedadinhfnrnyptdIor(oidfde0anctmonim.ronuroguaNnrr2iirhdpgdy2ietwwrtsydnno1InConsn1neyni7ipatfuieennicommE9rftnntrtonofbnrctaosalneso9r)yfghauucsnsaelwtewmoetfhoarnesr5o,edmsleoaedoratangirnmoitvdea-itrrrrrs-vgynnnauaiastbnsw9dtkfiecsbehidtat.torwmoeuc-eieghssda6seiiicdrneobrugpwda.issCLarvoha,oenpnrbe,tp,uencaanetoinvoyNTnokrdoafldehnf,fifu4ieeueilushfrahiodiavinsnto6tocrinleocprntpctuednepkchcntwsnaocnom,orhrscpoeasieehhlonpssfechtpcoaarmm.,ietpirieNh\atildafmttdocpwrtmtrkuenTdisaen,heideruiaiClanostllecunrh85iceonclottcillehbatpsessiE-1e9nseoo-yyhts---hm----e-,nf EDITION SPÉCIALE 6 OCTOBER 1996 OCTOBRE The Liberal Record R&D Mean to Will for Universities saepciolnodtpphraosjeectiniJnanJuuanrey11999945,.iItteisntaevraeildabiltes i thefederalcontributiontoSNOto$45mil- in both gopher and World Wide Web ] lion,ofatotalconstructioncostofabout (WWW),andinbothofficiallanguages. 3 $76million.Theremainingfundshavebeen (IHATCh)eIwnafsoremsattiaobnliHsihgehdwainyAAdpvriislor1y9C9o4u,nctiol Ii pmcrnotvsi,deadnbdytphreovpirnicviaatleasnecdtofro.reIingnadgdoivteironn-. advancethegoalofmakingCanadaaworld I theprojecthasbenefitedfromtheloanof leader in the development and use 1 $300millionofheavywaterfromAtomic octurfreaatltheaedsivunabfnsottaragnmetaistaifloonrecahloilngCohamwniaaycd,,iaasnnoscd.iatTlhhraeonudcgohcuunlit--, ^ waEbonlreelrdg'tsyodoietfebpCyeasntIaNhdaCarOdL-trdLo.t,cdk.anmTidhniets,hempuraosdjeeeoctafvahtiahles- cil's work culminated inSeptember 1995, demonstratedthebenefitsthatcanaccrueto withthereleaseofitsFinalReport,contain- Canadiansciencebyvirtueofmulti-sectoral Irvi1nean9frng9osg6raeoml,vaoetatfirchocenie3ss0Ssgsouoceriavseenteaycdr:nondmlMmiomecfvenoeinnltndocgneargrteCnlailsenoe,aaansrdsienandiconilBgnnuut.doiailItdnnhigbenrMgu2oana1tisyhd-te pcstiathsrrattulsnclTwetehriinstoeghhneisupptsnhth.iehaqasoutepepShosaNrcvitOeeunntphiiratfosiyvcitfdaoaencdidendtSeeinrNnagcOiitntesesexccrtioieennnng--- Centurywhichisbothaprogressreporton sivelywiththeprivatesector.Thisinteraction Canada'stransitiontoaninformationsociety hasresultedinthedevelopmentofproducts maennddtahteigoonvserpnumtentfsorrweasrpdonsbeytoIHtAheC.recTohme- aSnNdO,sebruvitcaelssothtaotCaatneadoifanvacloumepannoiteso.nlyto uCnotuinlciMlahracshbe1e9n9i7n.viTtehdetoiscsounetionfuelietsarwnoirnkg (CRCT)h,eanCionmstmiutnuitecaotfioInnsdusRtersyeaCracnhadaC,enhtarse athnedcotuhnecilwoarskfpollalcoews:hDasuribnegentheputtranbseiftoiroen bRe&enDdfeodricmaotreedtthoaand4va0nyceeadrs.coItmsmkuenyicraesteiaorncsh to a knowledge-based economy, how can areasincluderadioscienceandradiocommu- lpCilafanecleaEo,dnlagtehmlreeeenassrtipntsoiunnaodgtfictoutonlhtetouhfrCeeal?cnahabadonuigraensaniidnnftdoherevmewalotoripokn-a CncainoRcdmaCmtmuiifoncrniresocq,eauletbenirctootlarnyodsncciaoscslyltasatnbTedoemrcsoah,ptnteionscleaowtlgiwittoeehsrc,khCnaossnlayatosedgtliileeaimstn.se ngNdhfuiunoaeitisrntgivttiwheesrzorswyasroaitakfyttinyhfodm,aornrorsoEebrduuurebtsgcheeihaepinttrenhAiesCgaodssnnvAde.aaeN2nnCnvt0AceidAe0RnlNmggoIepAopnEeCvRetoa,deIpnroElatnfedh'tmarhseRf'oeenrsusmtoegiCarmhcsraecssno5theiahm,6aodemrniIocueanhrfi--n,-s- gaciptutrtiulnisvaisavevmecerepdeerT(rrmssIehoeioesMtgaenneirrStaecaIs)rsthnmchtosfiheesso.lnprlaaneiangescmeidrxranauttajlddnioMeeggtarnevientneemussoclujrfloawaattphpnritmr-iodueonorjnaniafettnrcriegoteopsfqnSriuanyroealsegcntdlcroteavooalrmaoisypmnnpecPgehrfreroaatod--s-o- ttNaCCtpoheoaaAkecnntnfRqaaeasuodIdccawaioiolEll.fnaiietotnItdAaymnhgtscycee.eo,o,s-cfmtubothtpcahemoelheismt,fdweiuefee.CtdneavidiAlIesvectnorNleahacnoAtliiepaietRsmngstosedoIynsnvEiajuitenonpnrbcfdpoanrolofmcalnerrestcctetsnrraroeititucotbnciituhfotocotaunamresrlCsyseaAianoontsi-d--onff gsltrieynoienosmtcaneehesdae.rv3tcafIo0hintes0cslaedubnodprordpogfroaapordinbrtn-iotebzetl-aalioctslcnoiiesggomden-mnasmtetneerfsdrmcrymibsoaaetmrplretrmisiefsdhn-i,edcciuivoppasmaeltrplirtenoyiitcn,pcitlumetuullendialnievri-ste-- sccswilethneariearu.rcccThhtpIheihnreoywssinaslidetlcodosif,natuleianalowsdnonte,werirownTtCpiatahRekiynxeaIsoatitidUscivtiscMeuasdbaFnineiendaaswcminlrnlsdeuullcdaafplectoerceraotedervhliieetmgrdoneaectdnooraiunren---,- ltmlgtbiaurrnaarbriigunasainnumlangctlfigslhozaiseemfctsddiabottrngruwumaeuorotsdtfai,ryhatdnlehctdgareito.dnputveTrshanahcitendacineclawcgsoeeodhfdrseanileomnnAcdmliddpt'aocurosngsssiriuctlsleofarespfaayn1e.rdc-d9,iolt9nemgue5gdro,nOtivcmfhitnoefaenhgimrineitcpnuiitnamfpaeadsetracluisonchlsv---yt--e vested$106millionthroughto1999,while versities, researchcentres, institutionsand in-kind contribution of high-technology nologyandprocesses,keyissuestoCanada's theprivatesectorwillcontributeovet$400 laboratoriesrepresentingarangeofeconom- componentsandservicestotheworld'shigh- nationalagendaoncompetitiveness. million. ic sectors from manufacruring ro utilities estenergyparticleacceletator,undercon- Canada was selected to chair the Canada'sScboolNetisasetofinteractive, andmining. structionattheCERNlaboratoryinGeneva, InternationalSteetingCommitteefortheini- Internet-basededucationalresourcesandser- Thisnextphasewillbuilduponthesuc- thereby ensuring that Canadian scientists tialtwoyearsofthe10-yearIMSProgram, vicesforeducatorsandlearnersfromkinder- cessofthefirstphaseincreatingnewpart- continuetoparticipateattheleadingedgein as well as be responsible for the Inrer- garten to Grade 12.This ptogram isde- nershipsandworkingrelationshipsamong thisfieldoTresearch. Regional Secretariat. For 10 years, the signed to stimulate learning and equip governments,industryanduniversitiesand The activities ofTRIUMF will have world'sleadingadvancedtechnologycompa- Canada's youth with the information and itssuccessindevelopingnewintelligentsys- long-termbenefits,forbothCanada'sscien- nies, universities and research institutions Telecommunications skills required in the temstechnologies.PRECARNalsomanages tific-communityandhigh-technologyindus- from Canada, the United States, Europe. global knowledge-based economy. Led the institute for Robotics and Intelligent try.In 1996, thecontributionsto CERN JapanandAustraliawillpooltheirknowledge byIndustryCanadaandsupportedbythe Systems(IRIS),oneofthefederalgovern- andprogressonthenewfacilityconstruction andresourcesinco-operativeresearchpro- provincialandterritorialgovernments,First ment'sNetworksofCentresofExcellence. wereonschedule.InAugust1995,TRIUMF jectstoexplorethefrontiersofknowledgein Nations leaders, the academic sectorand IRISisanetworkofsome140researchers becametheonlyfacilityinCanadatoprovide virtually every aspect of manufacturing. industry,SchoolNct'smandateistoensure workingat23Canadianuniversitiesdoing protonbeamthetapyforpatientswithocular Universitiesandacademicscontributeto,and these learning opportunities ate provided researchinthesameareasasPRECARN. melanoma. benefitfrom,thisprojectaraninternational toallCanadianschools,colleges,universities OneNRCprogramthatdeservesspecial Thefederalgovernment'ssupportofba- leveltherebygainingrheopportunitytoen- andlibrarieswithinthreeyears.Byestablish- noteisTRIUMF,the Tri-UniversttyMeson sicresearchhasalsobeendemonstratedbyits gageinresearchwithindustrialpartners,im- ingtheframework forefficientcommuni- Facility,locatedattheUniversityofBrirish supportoftheSudburyNeutrinoObservatory provethequalityoftraining,educationand cation,rhisprogramassistscurrentandfu- Columbiaandoperatedjointlybyfourwest- (SNO). This Canadian-led, international transferofknowledgeandensurethatstate- ture university researchers access a wider ernuniversities:UBC,SimonFraser,Victoria project,whichhasparticipationfromscien- of-the-attinformationisbroadlyavailable audience, drawupon agreaternumberof andAlberta.TRIUMF,Canada'slargestsub- tistsfrom5Canadianuniversities,aswellas forcurriculadevelopment. researchresources,anddisseminateinforma- atomic physics laboratory and one of universitiesandnationallaboratoriesinthe Overthepastyeat,universityparricipa- tioneffectively. Canada'slargestbasicscienceresearchfacili- United States and United Kingdom, will tioninIMSprojectshasincreasedfromonly PRECARN, Pre-Competitive Advanced tiesisusedbyover700Canadianandforeign probefundamentalquestionsrelatingtonu- afewpost-secondacyinstitutionstoover20 ResearchNetwork,asannounced inJanuary researchers.InJune1995,thefederalgovern- clearphysics,astrophysics,andsolarfusion universitiesacrossCanada.Inaddition,rev- 1995, will receive $19.4 million over mentapprovedTRIUMF'sFive-YearPlan processes. enuegenerationhasrisenfrom$250million gfirvaemsy.earPsRinECsuApRpoNrtAosfsocitisatPehsasIenc.2pisro-a oanddtcooamlmliotwtTeRdI$1U6M6F.6tmoilcloinotninfuoretihtsisinpteerri-- nanciTahlecgoomvmeirtnmmeennttrteocetnhtelycoinncsrterauscetdioitnsofif- prrôojaecptsrojreacntgeidng$1frobmillSieonnsoirny1I9n9s8pecfrrioomn nnaotti-ofnora-lpcroofnistorctoirupmoroaftiCoannaodpiearnatoirngganaisza-a nwealtlioansalulnydearctcalkaeinmeedwrienisteiaarticvhes.programs,as SspNrOin,gw1h9i9c7h.iTsheixspeicntcerdeatsoedbefucnodmipnlgetberdinbgsy R&Dcontinues...Page8 US* OCTOBER 1996 OCTOBRE 7 SPECIAL EDITION Le bilan des libéra—ux What The Domino Cuts Effect Es?*FromPage7 nteicchhneolroegsieeasr.ch innewautomotiveproduct mfeunndtisnga.ndBuidngteutrncuftobracceksdifaffifceuclttacllhodiecpeasrtt-o IFinrfsrta,stlrouwcetrurientIIeruesptarnadtesruannndinfgasbtyersgurmomwetrh. SyscemstoMineAutomation.Therearccur- Thereleaseofthefederalscienceand bemadebetweenexcellentalternatives.Once thanexpectedthisyearwillmeanFinance rently6activeprojectsand14othersinthe technology(S&T)Strate—gy,ScienceandTech- again,universityresearchhasbeenmorefor- MinisterPaulMartinhaslowerdebt-service developmentstage. nologyfortheNewCentury AFederalStrategy, tunatethanmostareas,withspendingreduc- chargestopayoutevenashigherrevenues Industry Canada assistance has been wasanimportantmilestoneinCanadiansci- tionslowerthanotherS&Tactivitiesandsig- flowin.ThuswillMartinhandilybeathis uwsoeoddtopreosctaebslsiesshaatntehweuUnniivveerrssitiytyproofgrBraimtiosnh eBnocoek'sanrdectoegcnhintoiloongyo.fSBu&iTldiansgaokneythderivRiendg ancitfiivcitainetsl.y lower than cuts to non-science daefbiaclitantcaergdetb,updugtetti.nTgohitmheonPMafaasntdermtarancyktion Columbiatoexaminethefeasibilityofcom- forceofeconomicandsocialwell-being,the hiscaucus,"smallerdeficit"translatesinto mmaeenrndctiapalrloirzmeaostetiaeornchhi,ogfdhe-bvroeetlchohpnfooerlceosogtnyroymoapipncodrdtaeutnnavibitarisoeenss- bsCtaarsnaeatddeigoaynncnshceaieredtnsstiafanicdcoemuxacresxleilemfnuocrem,fvreaedlleuereavlafnocrSeo&utTro BasketbaSlclieinfceInBferaatsstructure e"xsppaercTethecedasshde.e"cgornedefoilflipenfotrhutshieaPsmMfiosrthaenuenw- throughanautomotiveresearchcentre.Inad- investment. — IIHits theRoad national infrastructure program shown by dition,thegovernmentcontinuestoseeknew Thestrategysetsoutakeychallenge the premiers at their annual conclave in waystoencouragewomentoparticipatein buildingastrongCanadianinnovationsys- ByGilesGherson Jasperlastmonth.Basically,whathasuniver- scienceandengineering. tem.Inthisregard,thestrategyfocuseson salappealamongthemisafreefederaltop- The National Education Initiativefor buildingpartnershipsandlinkages.Thecosts THEWORD"INFRASTRUCTURE"SURE uptohelpfinancehighways,roads,sewers, theFurnitureandWoodProcessingIndustries ofperformingexcellentsciencehaveescalat- doesn'thavemuchofaringtoit,but side-wal—kupgradesandevenhigh-techinstal- isa uniquecollaborationamongIndustry edtotheextentthat,asanation,wemust thesedaysitisspicingtheconversationsand lations mostofwhicharcgoingahead Canada,agroupoffurnitureandwoodpro- poolourresourcestobeabletoremainatthe speechesofpoliticiansinthenation'scapital anyway. cessing companies and rhe University of leadingedge.Governmentscannolongeraf- asharriedbureaucratsscrambletocomeup AndsoitwasthatTuesday,thedeputy BritishColumbia(UBC),andhasresultedin fordtodothisalone.Neithercantheyafford withalow-budgetmake-workprogramthat fedetalfinanceministerfoundhimselfmeet- anewuniversitycurriculumanddegreepro- tofundeveryopportunitytodoexcellentsci- couldbeunveilednextsummer. ingwithhisprovincialcounterpartstodis- gram.Basedon theGermanmodelatthe ence.Thestrategyprovidesguidancetofed- Hardtobelievethatintoday'sDepart- cussthepossibleconditionsandfeaturesofa FachhochschuleRosenheim,thisnewpro- eraldepartmentsandagenciesinseekingout mentofFinance-dominatedOttawa,talkof possibleInfrastructureIIprogram.Earlynext gramtrainsstudentsin variousaspectsof partners,openingtheirfacilitiestothescien- asuccessortorhemulti-billion-dollar1994 month,thefinanceministerswilltakeupthe woodprocessing.Throughthisindustry-led tificandindustrialcommunities,andtrans- infrastructureprogramisgoinganywhere? issue. The premiers talked about getting initiative,graduateswillbepreparedtomeet ferringtechnologytothosewhocanmake You'dberighttowonder.Withlowinterest agreement by April, with shovels in the specificCanadianindustrialwoodprocessing thebestuseofittobenefitCanadians.In ratesalreadyexpected-tosparkanupsurgein ground next summer, and that's the needs. conjunctionwiththereleaseofthestrategy, jobsandgrowthoverthenext12months,the timetable. Afteritsfirstsuccessfulyear,thepro- ninescience-baseddepartmentsandagencies ideaoffinancingthousandsmoretempotary Sofar,thefederalgovernment(tead:the gramnolongerreliesonIndustryCanadafor released Action Plans outlining how they consrructionjobsatacostof$60.000apop departments of Finance. Tteasury Board financialsupportandinsteadhasworkedto wouldbetranslatingthisguidanceintocon- (whichwasthecasewiththelastinfrastruc- andIndustry)issayingthatiftherehasto become self-sufficient. UBC wasawarded creteaction. tureprogram)seemsabsurd. be a program, it should come with a far tinsprogramandhassincesecuredtheneces- In embarking on this course, a new Except,thetopsupporterofmoreinfra- lowerfederalpricerag(possiblyunder$1 saryfunding,facilitiesandteachingstaff,fi- structure for thegovernanceofS&Thas structureistheprimeministerhimselfJean billion over three years, instead of $2 nalizedacurriculumandhashadstudents beenputinplace.AcommitteeofCabinet Chrétien.ThewaythePMsees it, there's billion).Inaddition,thefedswanttoshut completetheirfirstyear.Currently,Industry downanynotionfloatedbysomeprovinces Canadaisexaminingthepossibilityofapply- thattheymightfundprojectsona50-50 ingthiseducationmodeltootherindustrial Thesurvey suggests that Canadians want their basis, instead of one-third federal, one- sectoTrsheinICnastniatduat.eforChemicalScienceand governments ruthlesslyfocusedon thosefew things tha—tare Tthhierrdeprwoivlilnciaallsoanbde oaned-etshiirred tmounipcuitpali.n Technology(ICST)receivessupportfrom really important to them. In a—ddition to health care placeabetterprocedureforensuringthat Ifnodcuusstrtyo Cadadnraedsas aennvdirhoansmeandtoapltepdroablneemws theholygrailofpublicspending theyplacegreatstock in pirnocjreecmtesntqaulal—ifyiinngotfhoerrfwionradnsc,intgheayresitmrpullyy under the name of Environmental Science an activegovernmentinvolvementin education andtraining. wouldnotgetdonewithoutInfrastructure aIunnCidvSeTTres/cihEtnoySlTomgAeyCmAblelhiraassncestihxoaftcCoparanpyaodraaantn(euEaSalTndAduCe)1s.5. TheroeuptorotfhtihnetstrtahiantinOgtftaelwdainisfamvaokuirngofatmhiesptraokveincinesg.etting IiInssiusTptphooenrtf.aedmeorralegdoivsecirpnlmiennetdifsocaulssotlhiikseltyimteo Trehseearccohllaencdteddevreelvoepnmueentisproujseecdtstsoelefcutnedd "Theamountofemphasis thatpeopleplace in the area of obualtl.cSooufrttsi,nfcroamstmruuncitutryecpernotjreecstsorliakreebnaasksekty-- through a competitive process from pro- education andtrainingcannotheoverstated. Itisseen both as boxeswillbeverboten.Strategicprojectsthat posalssubmittedbymembers.Projectsare carryabiggerbangforthebuckincontribut- normallyconductedatauniversityincollab- aplacewheregovernmentcan beeffectiveandwhere it ingtostrongerregional economicgrowth orationwithindustry.Asmembers,partici- hasan obligation toprovideaservice" willbethepriority. pating companieshave first access to any The phrase of choice being bandied resultingtechnology. GlobeandMail"NationalPollPutLowPriority aboutis"infrastructureforthe21stcentu- TheFederalEconomicDevelopmentInitiative onJobCreation,"August10,1996 ry."Underthisrubric,thefederalgovernment inNorthernOntario,orFedNor,partof mayevenasktheprovinces—toropeoffapor- IndustryCanada,sponsorsseveralprograms tion—ofanynewptogram maybe20per tharbenefitlocaluniversities.Theseinclude, willbeexaminingoutoverallS&Tperfor- nothinglikeagoodold-fashionedgovern- cent exclusivelyforscience-and-technolo- at LakeheadUniversity,adatabaseofde- manceandmakingrecommendationsonpri- mentbuildingspreetorallyold-timeLiberals gy-enhancinginfrastructure,fromupdating tailedinformationontheNorthernOntario orities. The new Advisory Council on (particularlytheruralcaucus)anddemon- universityresearchlabstofinancingresearch economy,andfeasibilitystudiesexamining ScienceandTechnology(ACST),announced strateanactivistgovernmentministeringto intostate-of-the-artcoldweatherconsrruc- thecommercialpotentialofresearchcoming July5,1996,willprovidethePrimeMini- theunemployed.TheLiberalman—datebegan tiontechniques. fromForestryCanada'sResearchCentrein ster,Cabinetandrhegovernmentwithstrate- withaninfrastructurepro—gram courtesy Onefinalcondition:private-sectorpar- SaultSte.Marie. gicadviceonS&Tissues.Theadvisorycoun- ofthecampaignredbook and,bygolly,it ticipation.Thereisagrowingbeliefthatany Anotherjointuniversity-industry-gov- cilismadeupof12eminentCanadiansand willendwithone. futuregovernment infrastructure program ernmcntinitiativeistheAutomotiveResearch includesprominentrepresentationfromthe For closetoayear, the PMhasbeen oughttoencouragethewidestpossiblepar- andDevelopmentCentreinWindsor,Ontario. university research community, including coaxinghisministersforimaginativesugges- ticipationbyprivate-sectorinvestors.High- Thefederalgovernmentplayedacatalytic NobellaureateDr.MichaelSmith.Thegov- tionsaboutanewinfrastructureprogram.In ways,bridgesandwatersystemscanallbede- roleinestablishingthiscentte,thefirstofits ernmentisalsosrtengtheningtheexternal classic Yes, Minister style, these entreaties velopedwithprivatefinancing,paidbackby kCihnrdysilneCraCnaandaad.aThAeutUonimvoetrisviteyRoefsWeairncdhsoarn/d aatdvbioctehittrheecedievpesarotnmesnctiaelnceanadndgotveecrhnnmoelnotgy- sinpgaswanneddrweapvoerstsofbuitnltietrtldeepelasret.mTehnetalcomneveern-- userTchhaersgeesdeatnadilstolclosu.ldmakethedifference DevelopmentCentrewillextendtheuniver- widelevels. tionalwisdom:nothingwillhappen, betweenabadinfrastructureprogramanda sity'sexpertise,providecooperativejobop- Recentyearshavebeendifficultforgov- Wrong.Twodevelopmentshavelately not-so-badone...iftheyaremorethanwin- portunitiesforWindsorstudentsandpursue ernment and those depending on public surfaced to buttress the PM's zeal toget dowdressing. EDITION SPECIALE 8 OCTOBER 1996 OCTOBRE The Liberal Record R&D Mean to Will for Universities AIDSResearch in Limbo overfiveyears)andfundingforAIDSre- searchbyroughly25percent(from$14.1 asLiberals Shilly-shally milliontoS17.8millionayear). ByKeithHaysom the UNnHivRerDsiPtyhAaIvDeSnreevseeratrhcehleersssfbuenndeefditbeyd The Liberal government's deci- fromthenewinfluxoffunds.Canadianuni- gabyouotnshiAooInwDnSeolts—etotoraeclanocenkwgletwhitehtehNadtiitissoenaiasnelde—Sctirsahitaoesn- (vfeo1rr9siA9t3Iie-Ds1S9r9erec5se)eiavroecfdh$twh1ie0t.hci3unrmrtiehlneltifoifrnistveitn-hyrefeauernydpeilanarngs ctlhiesarclToyhuepnLtlirabyce.eradlsAiInDPSowreerse—arcAhsionffjiecioaplarodpypoi-n aplroen-esT.toratpeugtytNhiHsRfiDguPreuniinvepresristpye-cbtaisveed,AwhIiDlSe researchmoniesaveragedS2.6millionannu- AsiDciiIatnliDgoonSw,faltrthleheseceLoaCimrobcpnehlsr.eaalrivOnPaenatdrirvaAyebp'worsau.srte2ctc,ohoners1dgi9oso9tvn0een,rtfnlumDyneadncvirtiin'tdgs- amphlihalaylv,sleeid,pornrotohpavepniifndinuergsadtl3alt0hnyrpeadeevureryriecaanegrgnesttoothffoeta$hsn3et.ra4cavutermerrigayelg'nlestio$fpn1ilr.ais8nnt extensive delay in announcing a national NHRDP spending on university-based AIDS strategy, urging "the minister [for AIDSresearch,up46percentfrom 1990- HealthandWelfare]andtheprimeminister 1992spendinglevels.Arleast$4.6million to taketheirresponsibilities seriouslyand offundinghasbeenguaranteedforuniversi- moveforwardwithanationalAIDSstrategy tyresearchersin1996/97,while$2.7mil- immediately." lion has already been earmarked for the The Conservatives launched the 1997/98year. NationalStrategytwoandahalfmonthslat- TheMRCalsoprofitedfromthericher er,butDingwallfoundtheinitiativeitselfto secondphaseoftheNationalStrategy,and beunsatisfactoryandinadequate,callingita assigneduniversityresearchers$7.9million "tremendousdisappointment"and"onlya worthofAIDSresearchbetween 1993and reshufflingofoldmoney.'' 1996,forayearlyaverageof$1.96million, TheLiberalgovernmenthasnot,howev- up14percentfromtheprevious1.7million er,fullyliveduptothedemandsitmadeas annually.Itistrue,however,chattheMRC's official opposition. For one thing, the support for university research has been Liberals neverraised thestrategy'sannual steadilydecliningfromapeakofS2.5million budget from the $42 million that their in1993toalowof$1.2millionin1996. Conservarivepredecessorshadpeggedirar. Sowharwillhappennowcofundingfor Andmoreimportantly,theLiberalshavede- AIDSresearchinCanada?Nodefiniteanswer cided against renewing the National tothisquestioniscurrentlyavailable,norwill Strategy'ssecondphasebeyonditsMar.31, therebeuntilthefederalbudgecofspring 1998sunsetdate. 1998isbroughtdown.Itseemslikelythein- Theabsenceofanyclearindicationby — creased funding level maintained between theLiberalgovernmentofwhatwillhappen TheNationalStrategyonAIDS InJune fundedatotalof263university-basedAIDS 1993and1998willdisappearalongwiththe to AIDS research and education in this of 1990, HealthandWelfareunveiled its researchprojectssince1986,115ofwhich organizationalstructurethatgavecohesion countrybeyond 1998 hasgreatlyangered Nacional Scraregy on AIDS.Though the arestillreceivingfunds. tothestrategy.SomeAIDSresearchwillno andfrustratedmanyAIDSactivistsandre- strategyprovidednonewfunds,itsoughtto Between 1986and1989(priortothe doubrcontinuebutatamuchreducedlevel. searchers.PrimeMinisterJeanChretien'sde- bringtheplethoraofseparateresearchpro- initiationoftheNationalAIDSStrategy), Thelackoffederalleadershipandthe cision not to make an appearanceat this jectstogetherandopenthelinesofcommu- the NHRDP provided $10.6 million for uncertaintymayprecipitatethedeclineeven year's International Conferenceon AIDS, nicationbetweenthevariousdepartmentsin university-based AIDSresearch, and $5.5 beforethe 1998budget.Foralthoughthe heldinVancouver,justaddedinsulttoinjury, whichtheyoperated. millionbetween 1990and 1992(thefirst strategydoesnotofficiallyenduntil1998, andleftHealthMinisterDavidDingwallto ThoughledbyHealthCanada,thestrat- fouryearsofthestrategy). allfundingallocated(overthewhole5years) facetheAIDScommunity'sanger. egywasa"collaborativeeffortinvolvingdif- Asthesefiguresillustrate,theadventof forAIDSresearchhasalreadybeenspent, Dingwallhas,forhispart,madeitclear ferentlevelsofgovernment,voluntaryand theNarionalStrategyonAIDSwas.atleast andthusnonewproposalsforresearchpro- heis"notcomfortable"withcabinet'sdeci- professionalnon-governmentalassociations, initsfirstphase,essentiallyanadministrative jeccsarecurrendybeingconsidered. siontoeliminatetheNationalStrategyand theacademicand private sectors, andthe reformthatactuallysawasignificantreduc- Thereare, ofcourse, manyAIDS re- hasstressedchatthisdecisionwasmadedur- AIDScommunity." tion,ratherthanincrease,intheamountof searchprojectsstillinprocess,andmanythat ing Diane Marleau's cenure as hcalch Thestrategywasbrokenintofivemajor fundstheNHRDPmadeavailabletouniver- willreceivefundsrightuptoche1998sunset Minister.Healsowrotetotheprimeminis- components:educationandprevention,bio- sityresearchers. date, buc chese pcojeccs may have been cer in May urging him to attend the medicalresearch,programcoordinationand Theadministrativere-organizationin- approved as manyassix yearsago. AIDS Vancouverconference. Hepointedoutto collaboration,supporttoNGO'sandcare, volvedintheadventoftheNationalStrategy researcherswithinnovativeorsimplyneces- JeanChrétienthac"Ifyouchoosenottoat- treacmentandsupport. was, however, of considerable benefit. In sary new research projects muse already tend, Canadians and representatives from Biomedicalresearchreceivedthelion's apaperdeliveredattherecentInternational lookforfundingelsewherechanchefederal othercountrieswillstillreceiveasignal,but shareofthefundingwithmoneyallocatedto Conference on AIDS in Vancouver, Leo government. itwillbeasignalthatCanadaislessthan various governmentdepartments but pre- Lehtiniemi of Health Canada indicated Thiscurrent(relative)stagnacionofre- committedtofightingchisdisease." dominantlytoHealthandWelfare.Ofchose thatthepreparationofanevaluativeframe- searchanduncertaintyaboutfuturefunding At the outset, medical research into fundsdiscributcdbyHealrhCanada,most work involved in creating the strategy isalreadyhavingnegativeeffectsonCanada's Acquired Immunity DeficiencySyndrome weredividedamongtwomajorresearchagen- "helped managers and clients clarify and AIDSresearchcommunity. (AIDS)wasinitiallyfundedbypre-existing cies,theMedicalResearchCouncil(MRC) "focustheobjectivesofprograms,andidenti- Dr.MartinSchectcrandMarkWain- programs,bucitsoonbecameclearthatthe and the National Health Research and fywhatinformationwasneededtodemon- berg,twoprominencAIDSresearchers,held seriousnessandlackofscientificknowledge DevelopmentProgram(NHRDP).Thevast stratetheresults." a press conferenceinJuneofthis yearat ofthediseaserequiredamorefocusedap- majorityofthisextra-muralresearchrakes Inanycase,whentheConservativegov- whichtheyraisedconcernsrhatwithoutase- proach. placeinCanada'suniversities. ernment renewed the strategy in March cureguaranteeoffundingforAIDSresearch, In1986,theDepartmentofHealthand TheMRChasfunded41projectssince 1993, it added more funds, augmenting drugcompaniesmaydecideagainsttesting Welfare announced its first five-year plan 1990. Of these, 35 have been based in HealthandWelfare'scorefundingwithnew, newdrugsinCanada.Theyalsoforeseethac to support activities dealing with AIDS Canada'suniversities.DuringtheNational strategy-based monies. Phase two of the manyCanadiansciencistsmaybedrawnto in Canada, allocating $39 million to the Strategy'sfirstchree-yearphase,thesepro- strategy,duetoendin 1998,increasedover- othercountriesinsearchofbetterfunding effort.Fundingwasincreasedby$129mil- jectsgarnered$5.1 millioninfederalfund- allfundingforAIDSresearchandeducation opportunities. liinon19i8n9.1988,andthenagainby$3.8million ienxgt.raA-smutrhaelAmoIrDeSsriegsneiafrcihc,antthecoNntHrRibDutPorhatso byeyarroouvgehrlyth1r0eepeyeracresncto(f$r4o2m.2$3m7i.ll3iomnilaliyoenara R8iDcontinues...Page 10 BS* OCTOBER 1996 OCTOBRE 9 SPECIAL EDITION Le bilan des libéra—ux What The Domino Cuts Effect EST1FromPage9 cthoemmgiotvmerennmtentto efnorviirtosnmlaecnktaolfprcootnescitsitoenn.t promTisheesmLaidbeerailnsthheavGer,eebnyPlaannd. latge, re- dateTohfeMaErc.o-31R,es1e9a9r7c.h Program currently Sucha "brain-drain"isawell-known TheLiberalscondemned the Green Plan, mainedconsistenttotheirRedBookcom- funds10differentresearchgrants,fiveuni- phenomenon in other research fields in eveninitsoriginalinception,asinadequate mitments,atleastasfarassustainabledevel- versityresearchchairsand89researchfellow- Canada,anditwouldbeagreatshameifit andtoothless. opmentgoes.EnvironmentCanada's1995/ ships.Furthermore,whiletheLiberalsmain- weretoafflictanareainwhichthiscountry OnMar.30,1990,SheilaCoppsmoved 96Strategic Outlook credits the Liberals tainedtheTory-instituteduniversity-based hasearnedanintetnationalreputationasan thattheCommonscondemn "thegovern- withimplementing"thevastmajority"ofits Research Program on Economic Instru- important(ifcash-starved)contributorto mentforitslackofasincerecommitmentto promises,amongotherstheproclamationof ments,theyhavespentonly$700,000ona thefightagainstAIDS. theenvironmentandforitsvacuousdiscus- the Canadian Environmental Assessment programthatwassupposedtohavea$1.2 sionpaperwhichcompletelyfailstoofferthe Act,renewaloftheeatlicrToryagreementto millionbudget,anddeclinedtorenewitbe- concreteactionthatallCanadianswouldlike cleantheGreatLakesandSt.LawrenceRiver yondits1997sunset. — LiberalsYet to Prove toseeimplementedand,therefore,[we]call of pollutants, and the launching of the Program ReviewandBudget Cuts In Commitment to Green Plan onthegovernmenttoendtherhetoricandto CanadianEnvironmentalIndustriesStrategy 1994,fivepercentwascutoutoftheDOE's introduceatrulysubstantialenvironmental to"fosterthegrowthofCanada'semerging budgetaspattoftheacross-the-boardbudget ByKeithHaysom actionplan." environmentalindustry." reductionsbuttheGreenPlanfundswereex- PaulMartin,theLiberal'scritic'onthe TheLiberalshavealsofollowedthrough empted,thankstolobbyingbySheilaCopps. HISTORICALLYCANADIANUNIVERSI- environment,said"environmentalprotection ontheimplementationoftwoconventions However, 1994alsosawthelaunchof ticshavebeenpioneersinenvironmen- is a moral value"andthat it is "virtually signedbyCharcst'sTeamCanadaattheRio thegovernment-wideprogramreviewwhich talresearch,andtheywelcomedthedecision impossibletohaveastrongeconomyunless deJaneiro EarthConferencein 1992, the culminatedinthe1995federalbudget.The oftheMulroneygovernmenttodevelopina onetakesintoaccounttheneedsoftheeco- ClimateChangeandBiodiversityConven- reviewbroughtsignificantcutstotheDOE. largescaletheGreenPlanasannouncedin system."Heoncewentsofarastosay"we tions.WhilenegotiationsovertheClimate The 1995budgetcut$234million(31.8 December1990. [theLiberalParty]aretheonlypartywilling ChangeConventioncontinue, thegovern- percent)outoftheDOE'sbudgetoverthree Thegovernmentofthedaywasreacting todefend'green'conceptsintheworld." ment-established Biodiversity Working years.Itintendstooffsetthesecutsbyin- 10thehighlevelofpublicconcernaboutthe In addition, the Liberals repeatedly Group released the Canadian Biodiversity creaseduseofinfotmationtechnologies.It environment.Theplanwasintendedtorank urgedthegovernmenttospendmoreonen- Strategy:Canada'sResponsetotheConven- alsodecidedtorefocusitsactivitiesonglobal withtheothermajorTorypolicyinitiatives vironmentalresearchanddevelopment.On tiononBiologicalDiversityin1995. andnationalecosystemsandtoincreaseits asitsinitialallocationof$3billionindicat- Mar.16, 1990,JohnManley,commenting TheLiberalshavealsocarriedouttheir emphasisonpartners. ed.Butitwasnotlongbeforethegovernment oncutstoNSERC'sfundingofuniversityre- RedBookpromisetoestablishamulti-stake- Ofspecificinteresttoenvironmentalsci- begantoretreat,scalingdowntheplaninthe search,asked:"Whyarewenotopeningour holdertaskforce(ofgovernment,industry, enceprogramsintheuniversitieswerethe budgetsof1992and1993. doorstoscientistsfromallovertheworld, academia and environmental groups) to followingdecisions: Nevertheless, underthe leadership of tellingthemthatiftheywanttomakeacon- "conductacomptehensivebaselinestudyof •fundingfortheDOEStatementofthe Jean Charest, the Department of the tribution in environmental technologies, federaltaxes,grantsandsubsidies,inorderto EnvironmentReportwasvirtuallyeliminat- Environmentlaunchedaseriesofinitiatives. Canadaistheplacetodoit,thatCanadawill identifybarriersanddisincentivestosound ed;and Someoftheseinvolvedfundingforuniversi- fundandwelcomethem?" — environmentalpractices." •theresearchfundingbaseofthede- tyenvironmentalscienceresearch.Forexam- The Liberals in Power The Liberal Asregardstheuniversitycommunity,the partmentforbothinternalandexternalre- ple: landslide in 1993 therefore offered new Liberals initially maintained the Global searchwascutby35percent. "TheEnvironmentalInnovationPro- hopesofarevitalizationoftheGreenPlan Change Program and the Environment Itisnotknownwherethefocusofthese gram(E1P),launchedin 1992topromote andenvironmentalprotection.Indeed,the InnovationProgram.Theyhavealsorecently cutswillbeand,asaconsequence,theeffect innovation outside the government. Since LiberalRedBookdedicatedachaptertothe establishedtheClimateResearchNetwork onenvironmentalscienceintheuniversities 1992E1Phasawarded82contracts,19of subjectofsustainabledevelopment,inwhich "toengagetheenergy,ideasandtalentsof cannotbeaccutatelymeasured. themtopost-secondaryinstitutions. itisstatedthat"sustainabledevelopment... the universities and the private sector in Thefutureisuncertain.Thegovernment •TheEnvironmentalTechnologyCom- hasbeennegotiatingwiththeptovincesto mercializationProgramdesigned"toacceler- off-loadfederalresponsibilitiesinthisarea. atethetransfer,development,demonstration Thesudden closing ofso many ofCanada'spremier Itisimpossibleatthemomenttoknowwhat and commercialization of environmental thiswillmeanforthefutureofenvironmen- technologiesthroughco-operativearrange- scientificfacilitieswillbavea majornegative impacton the talresearchinCanadaandwhetherthehigh mentswithuniversities,researchinstitutions health ofCanadianscienceandeventually on the Canadian profileroleoftheuniversitiesinthisareawill andtheprivatesector." besustained. •TheGlobalChangeProgram,which economy. Ifweaddin thelooming university infrastructure TheLiberalsarguethatenvironmental wasalreadyinexistence,producedextramon- problem, itisclearthat Canadasentire basicscience scientistshaveafriendinPaulMartin,who eyforuniversityresearchinboththenatural afteralldesignedtheRedBookanditssec- andhumansciences. enterprise is threatened. Nothing couldmore clearly indicate tionontheenvironment.Itremainstobe 1991•TahndeaEdcmoi-nRiessteearrecdhbPyroSgSrHaRm,CCcr,eawtietdhina thatcuts infederalresearchprograms notonly affect seen. budgetof$20millionoverfiveyears,in- federalresearchscientists, butalso, through a domino effect, vchoalivresdwtihtehcttehaetiionnteonftiaonsetthaotftuhneivecrhsaiitrys curtailuniversi—ty researchandlimitthecareers of WHourrltd CbylaFssWRIesCeuatrcsh shouldhaveafullslateofscholarshipsand graduatestudents the nextgeneration ofresearchers. strategicgrantsattheirdisposal. ByKeithHaysom • Research Program on Economic Instruments,introducedin1993andgeatcd fitsintheLiberaltraditionofsocialinvest- addressingcriticalscientificquestionsrelat- The Freshwater. Institute is a touniversityresearch,withabudgetof$1.2 mentassoundeconomicpolicy." ing to climate variability." The Climate small-scaleexampleofthedominoef- millionoverfouryears. Tothisend,theLiberalscommitthem- ResearchNetworkcurrentlyinvolvesmore fect offedetal cuts. Itwas established in Toryinterestintheenvironmentpeaked selves to, among other things, promoting than75researchersand16universitiesacross 1968, based in Winnipeg and run by in 1992 with the International Earth "theresearch,developmentandimplementa- Canada. FisheriesandOceansCanada.TheInstitutes ConferenceinRiodcJaneiro,andfellaway tionofcleanandenergy-efficienttechnolo- On theotherhand, the Liberals can- specialty is ecological research on water rapidlythereafterastheeconomybecamethe gies"andstatethat"aLiberalgovernment celledanynewfundingfortheEco-Research pollution,carriedoutinthe "livinglabo- majorconcern.Therehadalsobeenconsid- willcommit25percentofallnewgovern- Program(aGreenPlaninitiative)in 1994. ratories"oftheExperimentalLakesAreaof erableresistance,accordingtoProfessorGlen mentfundingforresearchanddevelopment Thoughtheprogramstillexistsandretainsa NorthwesternOntario. TonerofCarletonUniversity,fromwithin rotechnologiesthatsubstantiallyteducethe significant budget (over $10 million for The Institute carried out early and thebureaucracy.BoththeDepartmentsof harmfuleffectsofindustrialactivitiesonthe 1995-96),itsfundsremainavailableonlyfor ground-breakingresearchontheeffectsof FinanceandofIndustrywereopposedtothe environment,orthatspecificallyenhancethe commitmentsmadepriortotheFebruary acid rain on freshwater lakes. Research GreenPlan,and,asthecabinetlostinterest, environment," 1994budget.TheEnvironmentalInnovation DirectorDavidSchindlertestifiedonthese thebureaucraticresistancebecamemoreef- TheRedBook,itistrue,makeslittle Programfindsitselfinasimilarsituation, effectsathearingsinbothCanadaandthe fective. — mentionoftheGreenPlan,butitdocsstate withitsoriginalfundingalreadyfullycom- UnitedStatesinthelate1980s,andbecame TheLiberalsinOpposition AsOfficial that"severalfeaturesoftheLiberal'ssustain- mitted,leavingnomoneyavailablefornew somethingofapublic figure in the fight Opposition,theLiberalsrepeatedlycriticized abledevelopmentprogramgobeyond the contractsbetweennowand ittermination againstacidrain. EDITION SPÉCIALE 10 OCTOBER 1996 OCTOBRE