causes and management of epistaxis

35 Pages·2016·1.64 MB·English

CAUSES AND MANAGEMENT
OF EPISTAXIS
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VASCULAR ANATOMY
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LITTLE’S AREA

Anteroinferior part of nasal septum.

Four arteries – anterior ethmoidal, septal

branch of superior labial, septal branch of
sphenopalatine & greater palatine –
Kiesselbach’s plexus
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Retrocolumellar vein- vertically

downwards just behind columella,
crosses the floor of nose, joins venous
plexus on the lateral nasal wall
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WOODRUFF’S PLEXUS

UNDER POSTERIOR END OF INFERIOR

TURBINATE.
SPHENOPALATINE ARTERY

ANASTAMOSES WITH POSTERIOR
PHARYNGEAL ARTERY.
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CAUSES
LOCAL

Infective–rhinitis, sinusitis, diphtheria,

rhinosporidiosis, tuberculosis, syphillis.
Inflammatory –atrophic rhinitis

Trauma –finger nail, injuries, surgeries.

Foreign bodies –non living & living.

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Neoplastic–
 haemangioma, papilloma,
carcinoma or sarcoma.
DNS & septal spur.

High altitude

Nasopharynx–adenoids, juvenile

angiofibroma, tumors
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SYSTEMIC
BLEEDING DISORDERS

COAGULOPATHIES –
 haemophilia, christmas
desease,
,
Vit K deficiency, Liver desease

PLATELET DISORDERS

Thrombocytopenia

Platelet dysfunction

–
BLOOD VESSEL DISORDER
 scurvy, heriditory
haemorrhagic telangectasia
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CONTD. .
-
Cardiovascular
 Hypertension, mitral
stenosis, arteriosclerosis
-
DRUGS
 salicylates, anticoagulant therapy
.
Mediastinal compression

IDIOPATHIC

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