Catalysis and Automotive Pollution Control IV

719 Pages·1998·21.003 MB·English

by  N. Kruse, A. Frennet, J.-M. Bastin

Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis 116
CATALYSIS AND AUTOMOTIVE POLLUTION CONTROL IV
This Page Intentionally Left Blank
Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis
Advisory Editors: B. Delmon and J.T. Yates
Vol. 116
CATALYSIS AND
AUTOMOTIVE
POLLUTION CONTROL IV
Proceedings ofthe Fourth International Symposium (CAPoC4),
Brussels, Belgium, April 9-11, 1997
Editors
N. Kruse, A. Frennet and J.-M. Bastin
Chimie Physique des Surfaces - Cata/yse H&t~rogbne,
Universit~ Libre de Bruxe//es,
Brussels, Belgium
1998
ELSEVIER
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CONTENTS
PRELIMINARIES
Foreword ...........................................................................................................................x i
Introductory Remarks and Outlook ................................................................................ xiii
Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................ xv
Financial Support ............................................................................................................x vi
Organizing committee ................................................................................................... xvii
Scientific advisory board .............................................................................................. xviii
GENERAL LECTURES
Global trends in motor vehicle pollution control. a 1997 update
M.P. Walsh .........................................................................................................................3
Contribution off ossil fuels and air pollutants emissions in Belgium since 1980. The role
of traffic
W. Hecq .............................................................................................................................. 5
Auto Emissions after 2000. The Challenge for the Catalyst Industry
R.A. Searles ......................................................................................................................2 3
Diesel engine development routes towards very low emissions
P.L. Herzog ....................................................................................................................... 35
THREE WAY CATALYSTS
Novel Pd-based three-way catalysts
R. van Yperen, D. Lindner, L. Muflmann, E. S. Lox, T. Kreuzer .................................... 51
Comparative behaviour of standard Pt/Rh and of newly developed Pd-only and Pd/Rh
three-way catalysts under dynamic operation of hybrid vehicles
S. Tagliaferri, R.A. K6ppel, A. Baiker ............................................................................. 61
Comparative three-way behaviour of Pt, Pd and Rh single and combined phases in a full
gas mixture with oscillating feedstream
J.R. Gonz~ilez-Velasco, T.A. Botas, R. Ferret, M.A. Guti6rrez-Ortiz .............................. 73
Effect of alkaline addition on hydrocarbon oxidation activities of palladium three-way
catalyst
H. Shinjoh, N. Isomura, H. Sobukawa, M. Sugiura ......................................................... 83
Ethanol oxidation on three-way automotive catalysts. Influence of Pt-Rh interaction
A. Marques da Silva, G. Corro, P. Marecot, J. Barbier .................................................... 93
Reduction of NO by CO on manganese promoted palladium catalysts
J.F. Trillat, J. Massardier, B. Moraweck, H. Praliaud, A. Renouprez ............................ 103
vi
Light-offp erformance over cobalt oxide- and ceria-promoted platinum and palladium
catalysts
M. Skoglundh, A. T6rncrona, P. Thorm~.hlen, E. Fridell, A. Drewsen, E. Jobson ........ 113
CATALYST AGEING- POISONING
Influence of catalyst deactivation on automotive emissions using different cold-start
concepts
T. Kirchner, A. Donnerstag, A. K6nig, G. Eigenberger ................................................. 125
Measurement of the ceria surface area of a three-way commercial catalyst after
laboratory and engine bench aging
E. Rogemond, N. Essayem, R. Fr6ty, V. Perrichon, M. Primet, S. Salasc, M. Chevrier,
C. Gauthier, F. Mathis .................................................................................................... 137
The effect of the ageing procedure upon the activity of a three way catalyst working
under transient conditions
R. Roh6, V. Pitchon, G. Maire ....................................................................................... 147
Causes of deactivation and an effort to regenerate a commercial spent three-way catalyst
T.N. Angelidis, M.M. Koutlemani, S.A. Sklavounos, Ch.B. Lioutas,
A. Voulgaropoulos, V.G. Papadakis, H. Emons ............................................................ 155
Pb poisoning on Pd-only TWC catalysts
S. Sung, R.M. Smaling, N.L. Brungard .......................................................................... 165
Effect of ageing on the redox behavior of Ce in three-way catalysts
S. Irusta, A. Boix, J. Vassallo, E. Mir6, J. Petunchi ....................................................... 175
The CeO2-Zr02 system. redox properties and structural relationships
G. Vlaic, R. Di Monte, P. Fornasiero, E. Fonda, J. Kaspar, M. Graziani ...................... 185
DENOx NOBLE CATALYSTS
Kinetics of the reduction of NO by C3H6 and C3H8 over Pt based catalysts under
lean-burn conditions
R. Burch, T.C. Watling ...................................................................................................1 99
N20 and NO2 formation during NO reduction on precious metal catalysts
P. Bourges, S. Lunati, G. Mabilon .................................................................................2 13
Mechanistic investigation on the selective reduction of NO with propene in the
presence of oxygen over supported platinum
S. Eckhoff, D. Hesse, J.A.A. van den Tillaart, J. Leyrer, E.S. Lox ............................... 223
Platinum-titania-sepiolite monolithic catalysts for the reduction of nitric oxide with
propene in lean-burn conditions
P. Avila, J. Blanco, C. Knapp, M. Yates ........................................................................2 33
vii
DeNOx mechanism on platinum based catalysts
V. Pitchon, A. Fritz, G. Maire ........................................................................................2 43
Electrochemical promotion in emission control catalysis: the role of Na for the Pt-
catalysed reduction of NO by propene
I.V. Yentekakis, A. Palermo, M.S. Tikhov, N.C. Filkin, R.M. Lambert ....................... 255
Promoting effect of zinc in DeNOx reaction over Pt/A1203
A. Bensaddik, N. Mouaddib, M. Krawczyk, V. Pitchon, F. Garin, G. Maire ................ 265
Catalytic properties of Palladium exchanged ZSM-5 catalysts in the reduction of
nitrogen monoxide by methane in the presence of oxygen: nature of the active sites
P. G61in, A. Goguet, C. Descorme, C. L6cuyer, M. Primet ........................................... 275
Influence of the platinum-support interaction on the direct reduction of NOx unde lean
conditions
F. Acke, B. Westerberg, L. Eriksson, S. Johansson,
M. Skoglundh, E. Fridell, G. Smedler ............................................................................2 85
DENOx BASE CATALYSTS
A comparative study of the activity of different zeolitic materials in NOx reduction from
simulated diesel exhausts
M. Guyon, V. Le Chanu, P. Gilot, H. Kessler, G. Prado ............................................... 297
The effect of Al and Cu content on the performance of Cu/ZSM-5 catalysts at the exhaust
of high efficiency spark ignition engines
P. Ciambelli, P. Corbo, M. Gambino, F. Migliardini ..................................................... 307
Kinetic study of the selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxides with hydrocarbon in
diesel exhausts
B. Westerberg, B. Andersson, C. Ktinkel, I. Odenbrand ................................................ 317
Steady state and transient activity patterns of Cu/ZSM-5 catalysts for the selective
reduction of nitrogen oxides
J. Connerton, R. W. Joyner ............................................................................................3 27
Selective reduction of nitrogen oxide with hydrocarbons and hydrothermal ageing of
Cu/ZSM-5 catalysts
P. Denton, Z. Chajar, N. Bainier-Davias, M. Chevrier, C. Gauthier, H. Praliaud,
M. Primet ........................................................................................................................3 35
Transient kinetic study of NO decomposition on Cu-ZSM-5 catalysts
Z. Schay, I. Kiricsi, L. Guczi .........................................................................................3 47
Stability of cerium exchanged zeolite catalysts for the selective catalytic
reduction of NOx in simulated diesel exhaust gas
W.E.J. van Kooten, H.P.A. Calis, C.M. van den Bleek ................................................. 357
viii
Study on copper and iron containing ZSM-5 zeolite catalysts: ESR spectra and
initial transformation of NO
J. Varga, J. Halfisz, D. Horvfith, D. M6hn, J.B. Nagy, G. Sch6bel, I. Kiricsi ................ 367
KINETICS- MECHANISMS
The use of isotope transient kinetics within commercial catalyst development
J.C. Frost, D.S. Lafyatis, R.R. Rajaram, A.P.Walker .................................................... 379
Kinetic study of the ethene oxidation by oxygen in the presence of carbon dioxide
and steam over Pt /Rh /Ce02 /y-Al203
R.H. Nibbelke, R.J.M. Kreijveld, J.H.B.J. Hoebink, G.B. Marin .................................. 389
Three-way catalytic converter modelling. numerical determination of kinetic data
C. Dubien, D. Schweich ................................................................................................. 399
NO + CO -+1/2 N: +CO: differentiated from 2NO + CO -+ N20 + CO: over
rhodia/ceria catalysts using 15N180 and ISC160 reactants or time-resolution of
products
J. Cunningham, N.J. Hickey, F. Farrell, M. Bowker, C. Weeks .................................... 409
Investigation on the role of rhodium on the kinetics of the oxidation of CO by NO
over Pt-Rh catalysts
P. Granger, J.J. Lecomte, C. Dathy, L. Leclercq,
G. Mabilon, M. Prigent, G. Leclercq .............................................................................. 419
MODEL SYSTEMS ] STUDIES
CO oxydation on Pd (11 O)
M. Bowker, I.Z. Jones, R.A. Bennett, S. Poulston ......................................................... 431
In- situ ESR of Rh/y-Al20s and Rh/ZSM-5
S.G. Lakeev, A.V. Kucherov, M. Shelef ........................................................................ 441
MISCELLANEOUS
Substrate contributions to automotive catalytic converter performance: the role of
channel shape on catalyst efficiency
J. Paul Day ...................................................................................................................... 453
Evaluation and characterization of catalysts for alternative-fuelled vehicles. A study
of the influence of catalyst composition on activity and by-product formation
L.J. Pettersson, A.M. Wahlberg, S.G. J~irfis ................................................................... 465
SHS catalysts for purification of exhaust gases from internal combustion engines
E.H. Grigoryan, I.P. Borovinskaya, A. G. Merzhanov .................................................. 477
ix
Catalytic decomposition of high-concentration nitrous oxide N20
H.C. Zeng, M. Qian, X.Y. Pang ..................................................................................... 485
Structure an activity of Cu/Cr/Sn02 environmental control catalysts
P.G. Harrison, W. Azelee, A.T. Mubarak, C. Bailey, W. Daniell, N.C. Lloyd ............. 495
Preparation and study of thermally stable washcoat aluminas for automotive
catalysts
Z.R. Ismagilov, R.A. Shkrabina, N.A. Koryabkina, D.A. Arendarskii, N.V. Shikina...507
Ensuring substrate retention. Part 2 4
J.Kisenyi, K. Soe, P. Leason, C. Tooby, D. Pritchett, G. Morgan, M. Zillikens ........... 513
STORAGE: NOx AND OXYGEN
A catalytic NOx management system for lean burn engines
J. Feeley, M. Deeba, R.J. Farrauto ................................................................................. 529
Investigations of NOx storage catalysts
E. Fridell, M. Skoglundh, S. Johansson, B. Westerberg, A. T6rncrona, G. Smedler .... 537
Oxygen storage capacity of three-way catalysts : a global test for catalyst deactivation
R. Taha, D. Duprez, N. Mouaddib-Moral, C. Gauthier .................................................. 549
NO Reduction by CO over Pd /CeO:-Zr02-Al:Os Catalysts
R. Di Monte, P. Fornasiero, J. Kaspar, A. Ferrero, G. Gubitosa, M. Graziani .............. 559
Comparative sulfur storage on Pt catalysts: effect of the support (CeOz Zr02 and
CeO2-Zr02)
P. Bazin, O. Saur, J.C. Lavalley, A.M. Le Govic, G. Blanchard ................................... 571
Oxygen storage capacity in perovskite-related oxides. the role of over-stoichiometric
oxygen in three-way catalysis
N. Guilhaume, M. Primet ............................................................................................... 581
Influence of ceria dispersion on the catalytic performance of Cu/(CeO2)/Al203 catalysts
for the CO oxidation reaction
A. Matinez-Arias, J. Soria, R. Catalufia, J.C. Conesa, V. Cort6s Corberfin ................... 591
Some surface chemical features of Pt catalysts supported on Al20s and Ce02 /Al20s
G. Magnacca, G. Cerrato, C. Morterra ........................................................................... 601
Fundamental Properties of new cerium- based mixed oxide as TWC component
S. Bernal, G. Blanco, M.A Cauqui, P. Cochardo, M. Pintado,
J.M. Rodriguez-Izquierdo, H. Vidal ............................................................................... 611