Catalogue of the vascular flora of the Robinson Crusoe or Juan Fernandez Islands, Chile

25 Pages·1998·8.5 MB·English

by  Clodomiro Marticorena

GayanaBot.
55(2): 187-211, 1998. ISSN 0016-5301
CATALOGUE
OF THE VASCULAR FLORA OF THE
ROBINSON CRUSOE OR JUAN FERNANDEZ
ISLANDS, CHILE
CATALOGO DE DE
LA FLORA VASCULAR
LAS
ISLAS
ROBINSON CRUSOE O JUAN
FERNANDEZ, CHILE
Clodomiro Marticorena Tod Stuessy 2 and Carlos M. Baeza
1 F. 1
, ,
ABSTRACT
The Róbinson Crusoe
(
Chilean National Park World Biosphere Reserve parque nacional una reser-
a i
i >
va mundial de Ion al oeste de
Mas-
principal islands: :.
.
:
km
4s
atierra (=Isla Róbinson Crusí ei. de Martineta
•
.
km
md
i=Ale 50 Santa Clara de
Selkirt 2
le
- >
- i
Numerous
823 and have extended to the present time.
1
seguido por Masatierra
(
K
...
endemism.
conser\ation.
flora,
INTRODUCCIÓN jandro Selkii
The Róhinsmi Crusoo i=Juun
I
Ono,
and
Stuessy 1998).
terature (e.g..
Santa
also third smaller island. Isla
a
is
measure
Those throe islands together
jira.
km
Masafuera being
with the largest at
)2
.
:-... ;.,•....;-
.
.••••-..
-e..
._. -
endemic
most interesting xas-
the v\orld's
The distincti\eness oí the \useuLr
loras.
plante
is the signation of the is a stage in preparation of the flora that should
three islands as a Chilean National Park 1935
in stimulate preparation of individual generic
treat-
and more World
recently as a Biosphere Reserve. ments and serve as an Ímpetus for completion of
many
There endemic
are species, several endemic the entire volume. In fact, at this time manuscripts
genera, and an endemic
family, Lactoridaceae, fems
the for the (R. Rodríguez), grasses (M. Baeza),
known
only case of
a entire family of vascular and
miscellaneous other genera have already been
plants being
restricted to an
prepared.
We
etai., 1998a, 1998d). known
species of vascular
list all plants
During 20
the past on
years. studies the evo- that have one time or another been
at reported
to
lution of the vascular of Róbinson Cmsoe We
flora the occur one of
in at least the three islands.
islands ha ve been carried out by
collaborators at include also distribution on the three principal
is-
the University of Concepción, The Ohio
State lands (T=Masatierra; F=Masafuera; S=Santa
Cla-
now
University, and
at the University of Vienna. and biogeographic
ra), (E=endemic;
status
These
investigations have more A=
resulted 50
in than N=native;
adventive). This ob-
builds,
list
on
publications
different aspects of endemic
the on
viously, the catalogue of vascular
plants for the
taxa, including cytology, phylogeny, modes
of
country
entire (Marticorena and Quezada,
1985),
speciation. phytochemistry,
biogeography, mole- which
includes
the island floras of Róbinson Cru-
cular divergence, and
genetic variation within and
soe, Islas Desventuradas, and de Pascua.
Isla
between
populations
(for recent summaries The
see
catalogue does
not include
cultivated
Stuessy
1998b, Crawford
et al. 1998c; ai, Swenson
et plants. ai
et (1997)
listed species that
1998). Studies have also focused on may
the introdu- eventually escape from
cultivation and have
ced
flora and impacts on
conservation
of
the nati- the potential become we
to aggressive weeds,
but
ve taxa (Matthei
et ai. 1993; Stuessy
et ai. 1997. have not included
these here. Prev
1998d;Swensoné'/í//..
1997).
These
previous
collaborative
investigations
on
the vascular taxa have
led to the initiation oí a The catalogue
also provides the opportunity
synthesis of m
all to be pub- summarize new
to
on
statistics the vascular
flora
book
lished as a entitled "Hora of the Róbinson
of Róbinson
the Crusoe own
Islands. In our studies
we
have founc
agreement on
,
include those of Hemsley Johow
(1884).
numbers
(1896). of taxa of
different biogeographic
cate-
Christensen and
Skottsberg and
1920).
Skottsberg
górica due
largely numerous
< to publications using
(1921, 1951). Additional information
has been
ad-
different sets of For new
data. the time,
first this
ded by
others. such as Ricci Macaya
(1996), and
catalogue
sets baseline data any
for additional
Faúndez
(1997) and
Barrera The
(1997). only
evolutionary
or biogeographic
investigations.
comprehensive
Johow
flora that of now
is
(1896),
more
than a century and
oíd. lacking keys
to taxa.
For improved
perspectives on New
conservation of
the
statistics of the vascular
flora
native and endemic
species. plus management
of
new
the introduced a
taxa. comprehensive
flora
is
urgently needed.
manner
All
of on
statistics the composition of
The
present catalogue
oí" the vascular
flora
is the vascular flora have been
published previouslv
in
the step toward
first publication of new
the Johow
flora
(1896), Skottsberg
(1956). Marticorena
of
the archipelago.
Contents
of
the catalogue
(1991), Stuessv
et al. 1992). This paper not
etc.
is
1
derive from
previous
literature reports, our own
the place compare
to
all different prc\ ious estímales.
made
collections
during
eight
expeditions
to the
but rather
the new
intent is to provide a baseline of
islands during
1980-1997,
and
additional
collec-
the total si/e and general categon/ation of vas-
the
tions in the herbarium
of
the University Con-
of
cular
flora.
CONO. Statistics tur the entire archipelago and
We
cepc on
harbor no
illusion
that
this for each of
the three islands
separately are given in
complete
list is ñor
fully accurate
in all respects.
the followins
ít
tables.
Martk
nCrusoe orena.
Islands: C. El
»/..
who mpameJ
have al\\a\- ueo and helped us in
who
and have
the field. alerted us to interesting
MONOC %
PTERI DICOT
Total and introduced
flora.
64
LITERATURE CITED
BARRERA. 1991 Heléchos de Juan Per
E.
P"> 68 19 7
1
\M)C. Skoi
Chris tensen.
C.
Juan Fen
ridophyta of the
C. Skottsberu icd.i.
In
MONOC
%
DICOT
PTERI
Total
64
8
19 27.1
!
77
a o 95
on o¡ l'sktnd
Pl.
IR7
Repon
Hemsley. W.B.
1884.
t
are restricted to the island.
C.W. Thomson
AJmi
Islands. 1-96. In
ralis pp.
Repon R
and Murray Scicruilic
(eds.).
J.
• I
During
iger
of
sults the
HMSO:
Botany.
the Years 1873-76, vol. 1. part 3.
MONOC %
DICOT
PTERI
Total
Johow. 1893. Las plantas de cultivo en Juan Fernán-
F.
939-970.
F 4 4 1L4 dez. Anales Univ. Chile 84:
de de
Johow, 1896 las Islas
F.
N 3 , 6 17.1 i
|
JuanFem. Santiago.
-
9S
n 7T.4
.
Maca^ and FAUNDEZ Nuevos registros de
1997.
L.
a.
J.
ya
Total de Juan Fernández
Poaceae para el archipiélago y
4 para cuatro especies ad\enu-
11 nuevas localidades
Non. Men> Mus. Nac. Hi> Nat >27 13 15
35taxa,ofwhieh (2.9<; resmeted to the island. cias
s
>
1
MARTICORENA. C. 1991. Conti iuc
•
85-
ana. Bot. 47:
de vascul
la flora ( ¿
'
Flora of the archipelac
113.
AND M. QUEZADA. 19Xr
MARTICORENA,
C.
%
MONOC
PTER DICOT Total vascular de Chile. Gayana, Bot. 42: 1-157.
flora
la
de Juan
¡piélago
La
1993.
gt
122 __3L2_
F ^6 14 ;
; Gayana 69-102.
Fernández. Bot. 50:
„_25___L79_
18
-7
\ 25
and abun-
I M. 1946. Variation distrihution
Rrcci. in
A
172 danee of the endemic flora of Juan Fernández Is-
--3
Ch¡
5^ lands.
Total
IU 1521-1532.
5:
i
The phanerogams ot the Juan
SKOTTSBERG. 1921.
C.
95-24<»
Fernández Islands. pp
-"-
/
..:.:.•.
: -
- -
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
&
Wik-
Almqvist
Botany.
Easter Island. vol. 2.
Uppsala.
sells:
A
supplement to the pterido-
Na- SKOTTSBERG, C. 1951.
by Oesterreichische
supported
Partially
ph\tes and phanerogams of the JuaP
Spe-
Nr. 6880.
Jubilaumsfondsprojekt
tionalbank
"••-"-
-•---
•:.;'•:. ,: "- --•
-
'
Jakubowsky, Vienna, •
go Gerhard
thanks
cial to The Namral History of Juan Fernán•dez and Easter
-
and
copying needed literature
and
for locating
>..-,:. •
:
.
CONAE
We
give thanks to the s,
protologues. also -.
-
•
í-3-->
Crusoe National Park, of Juan Fernández and Easter Island. pp
Robinson
guides of the
IW5.
luán Fernandez Mands-Chile. vas. ernández
pp. the Islands.
.
Heywood
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