Cataclysm 1914: The First World War and the Making of Modern World Politics PDF
Preview Cataclysm 1914: The First World War and the Making of Modern World Politics
Cataclysm 1914 Historical Materialism Book Series Editorial Board Sébastien Budgen (Paris) Steve Edwards (London) Marcel van der Linden (Amsterdam) Peter Thomas (London) volume 89 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/hm Cataclysm 1914 The First World War and the Making of Modern World Politics Edited by Alexander Anievas LEIDEN | BOSTON Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Cataclysm 1914 : the First World War and the making of modern world politics / edited by Alexander Anievas. pages cm. — (Historical materialism book series ; v. 89) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-26267-6 (hardback : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-90-04-26268-3 (e-book) 1. World War, 1914–1918—Influence. 2. World politics—1900–1945. 3. Politics and war—History—20th century. I. Anievas, Alexander, editor, author. D523.C35 2014 940.3’14—dc23 2014038148 This publication has been typeset in the multilingual “Brill” typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, ipa, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see brill.com/brill-typeface. issn 1570-1522 isbn 978-90-04-26267-6 (hardback) isbn 978-90-04-26268-3 (e-book) Copyright 2015 by Koninklijke Brill nv, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill nv incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Hes & De Graaf, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Rodopi and Hotei Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill nv provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, ma 01923, usa. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid-free paper. This book is dedicated to Raphael Anievas and Bill Cooper – my two first great teachers who instilled in me the desire to learn and teach. ∵ Contents Acknowledgements ix List of Contributors x The First World War and the Making of Modern World Politics 1 Alexander Anievas Part 1 Kladderadatsch! Capitalism, Empire, and Imperialism in the Making and Aftermath of World War i 1 Germany, the Fischer Controversy, and the Context of War: Rethinking German Imperialism, 1880–1914 23 Geoff Eley 2 War, Defeat, and the Urgency of Lebensraum: German Imperialism from the Second Empire to the Third Reich 47 Shelley Baranowski 3 Capitalist Peace or Capitalist War? The July Crisis Revisited 66 Adam Tooze 4 Marxist Theory and the Origins of the First World War 96 Alexander Anievas 5 The Expansion of the Japanese Empire and the Rise of the Global Agrarian Question after the First World War 144 Wendy Matsumura 6 War and Social Revolution: World War I and the ‘Great Transformation’ 174 Sandra Halperin viii contents Part 2 Reconfigurations: Revolution and Culture after 1914 7 European Intellectuals and the First World War: Trauma and New Cleavages 201 Enzo Traverso 8 Art after War: Experience, Poverty and the Crystal Utopia 216 Esther Leslie 9 ‘America’s Belgium’: W.E.B. Du Bois on Race, Class, and the Origins of World War I 236 Alberto Toscano 10 World War I, the October Revolution and Marxism’s Reception in the West and East 258 Domenico Losurdo 11 Uneven Developments, Combined: The First World War and Marxist Theories of Revolution 280 Peter D. Thomas 12 The First World War, Classical Marxism and the End of the Bourgeois Revolution in Europe 302 Neil Davidson 13 ‘The New Era of War and Revolution’: Lenin, Kautsky, Hegel and the Outbreak of World War I 366 Lars T. Lih Bibliography 413 Index 460 Acknowledgements This collection was very much a collective effort and I thank all the contrib- utors for their great assistance in helping this volume see the light of day. I must also thank the editors of the Historical Materialism book series for their general enthusiasm for the project and patience in waiting for its completion. I believe it was Josef Ansorge who first aired the idea that I should edit some sort of collection on the First World War for the 100th anniversary, so many thanks to him for giving me the idea in the first place. On a more personal note, I would be remiss not to acknowledge the loving support of my wife, Linda Szilas, throughout the development of the project. I must also thank my parents, family and friends for all their support throughout the years. I’ve decided to dedicate this book to my uncle, Raphael Anievas, and former tutor, Bill Cooper, as it was their examples as teachers, along with the many hours we spent discussing history, politics and various other subjects, that sowed in me the desire to learn, get political and eventually teach. So, to both of them I owe a great debt. Finally, I would also like to acknowledge the generous funding and support provided by the Leverhulme Trust. List of Contributors Alexander Anievas is an Early Career Leverhulme Fellow at the Department of Politics and International Studies, University of Cambridge. He is the author of Capital, the State, and War: Class Conflict and Geopolitics in the Thirty Years’ Crisis, 1914–1945 (University of Michigan Press, 2014) and editor of Marxism and World Politics: Contesting Global Capitalism (Routledge, 2010). He is currently working on a manuscript (with Kerem Nisancioglu) rethinking the intersocietal origins of capitalism and the ‘rise of the West’ entitled How the West Came to Rule: The Geopolitical Origins of Capitalism (Pluto, 2015, forthcoming). He is a member of the editorial collective, Historical Materialism: Research in Critical Marxist Theory. Shelley Baranowski is Distinguished Professor of History Emerita at the University of Akron (USA). She is the author of four books, the most recent of which are Nazi Empire: German Imperialism and Colonialism from Bismarck to Hitler (Cambridge, 2011) and Strength through Joy: Consumerism and Mass Tourism in the Third Reich (Cambridge, 2004). She is currently working on a comparative and transnational study of Axis empires. Neil Davidson lectures in Sociology with the School of Political and Social Science at the University of Glasgow. He is the author of The Origins of Scottish Nationhood (2000), Discovering the Scottish Revolution (2003), for which he was awarded the Deutscher Memorial Prize, How Revolutionary were the Bourgeois Revolutions? (2012) and Holding Fast to an Image of the Past (2014). Davidson has also co-edited and contributed to Alasdair MacIntyre’s Engagement with Marxism (2008), Neoliberal Scotland (2010) and The Longue Durée of the Far Right (2014). Geoff Eley is Karl Pohrt Distinguished University Professor of Contemporary History at the University of Michigan. He works on modern German and European history, fascism, film and history, and historiography. His earliest works were Reshaping the German Right: Radical Nationalism and Political Change after Bismarck (1980, 1991) and The Peculiarities of German History (1980, 1984) with David Blackbourn. More recent books include Forging Democracy (2002),
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