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NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, California THESIS CASIMIR ACOUSTICS by Robert Tayag Susbilla December, 1996 Thesis Advisor Andres Larraza Co-Advisor: Bruce C. Denardo Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE FormApprovedOMBNo 0704-0188 Publicreportingburdenforthiscollectionofinformationisestimatedtoaverage 1 hourperresponse,includingthetimeforreviewinginstruction,searching existingdatasources,gatheringandmaintainingthedataneeded,andcompletingandreviewingthecollectionofinformation Sendcommentsregardingthis burdenestimateoranyotheraspectofthiscollectionofinformation,includingsuggestionsforreducingthisburden,toWashingtonHeadquartersServices, DirectorateforInformationOperationsandReports, 1215JeffersonDavisHighway,Suite1204,Arlington,VA22202-4302,andtotheOfficeofManagementand Budget,PaperworkReductionProject(0704-0188)WashingtonDC20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) REPORT DATE REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED December 1996 Master's Thesis 4. CASIMIR ACOUSTICS FUNDING NUMBERS AUTHOR(S) 6. Susbilla, Robert T. 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) PERFORMING Naval Postgraduate School ORGANIZATION Monterey CA 93943-5000 REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY REPORT NUMBER 11 SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES The views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position ofthe Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. 12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 13. ABSTRACT (maximum 200 words) When the indirect manifestations of the electromagnetic ZPF are interpreted as due to radiation pressure, acoustic noise can render an excellent analog to probe previous as well as recently proposed behavior. An acoustic chamber for isotropic and homogeneous acoustic noise of controllable spectral shape has been built. The noise can be driven up to levels of 130 dB (re 20 uPa) in a band of frequencies up to 50 kHz wide. When driving the system with broadband noise, it will be used (i) to test the Galilean invariance of a spectral shape proportional to the square of the frequency, (ii) the force of attraction between parallel plates (analog to Casimir force), (iii) the acoustic radiation emitted by a cavity that is made to oscillate at high frequencies (analog to the proposed Casimir radiation), (iv) the change in the frequency of oscillation of a pendulum as the noise intensity is varied (analog to the proposed origin of inertia), and (v) the force of attraction between two spheres due to the acoustic shadow that each one casts onto the other (analog to van der Waals force and the proposed origin of gravitation). NUMBER OF 14. subject terms: Casimir Acoustics - Analog to Zero Point Field 15. PAGES 40 (ZPF). 16. PRICE CODE 17. SECURITY CLASSIFI- 18. SECURITY CLASSIFI- 19. SECURITY CLASSIFI- 20. LIMITATION OF CATION OF REPORT CATION OF THIS PAGE CATION OF ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Unclassified Unclassified Unclassified UL NSN 7540-01-280-5500 Standard Form 298 (Rev 2-89) PrescribedbyANSIStd.239-18298-102 Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. CASIMIR ACOUSTICS Robert T. Susbilla Lieutenant Commander, United States Navy B.S., University ofSouthern California, 1983 Submitted in partial fulfillment ofthe requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN APPLIED PHYSICS from the NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL December 1996 DUDLEY KNOX LIBRARY CA 93943-5101 ABSTRACT When the indirect manifestations of the electromagnetic ZPF are interpreted as due to radiation pressure, acoustic noise can render an excellent analog to probe previous as well as recently proposed behavior. An acoustic chamber for isotropic and homogeneous acoustic noise of controllable spectral shape has been built. The noise can be driven up to levels of 130dB (re 20 ^Pa) in a band of frequencies up to 50 kHz wide. When driving the system with broadband noise, it will be used (i) to test the Galilean invariance of a spectral shape proportional to the square of the frequency,(ii) the force of attraction between parallel plates (analog to Casimir force), (iii) the acoustic radiation emitted by a cavity that is made to oscillate at high frequencies (analog to the proposed Casimir radiation),(iv) the change in the frequency of oscillation of a pendulum as the noise intensity is varied (analog to the proposed origin of inertia), and (v) the force of attraction between two spheres due to the acoustic shadow that each one casts onto the other (analog to van der Waals force and the proposed origin of gravitation). VI TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION I. 1 APPARATUS 9 II. A. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE EXPERIMENTS 9 1. Conditions 9 2. Limitations 10 ACOUSTIC CHAMBER DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION B. 11 1. Cylinder 11 2. Signal Sensing 12 C. DRIVER SELECTION 13 D. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 17 1. Verification of Conditions 17 2. Casimir Force Experiment 20 PROPOSED EXPERIMENTS AND CONCLUSIONS 23 III. A. ACOUSTIC ANALOG TO THE CASIMIR EFFECT 23 B. ACOUSTIC ANALOG TO THE PROPOSED ORIGIN OF INERTIA.26 C. CONCLUSIONS 27 LIST OF REFERENCES 29 INITIAL DISTRIBUTION LIST 31 VII VIM