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Case 2814. Pseudoxyrhopus Günther, 1881 (Reptilia, Serpentes): proposed conservation PDF

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Preview Case 2814. Pseudoxyrhopus Günther, 1881 (Reptilia, Serpentes): proposed conservation

. 284 BulletinofZoologicalNomenclature49(4)December1992 Case2814 PseudoxyrhopmGiinther, 1881 (Reptilia, Serpentes): proposed conservation Hobart M. Smith DepartmentofEnvironmental, PopulationandOrganismicBiology, University ofColorado, Boulder. Colorado80309-0334, U.S.A. KennethL. WilUams DepartmentofLifeScience, NorthwesternState University, Natchitoches, Louisiana 71497, U.S.A. VanWallach DepartmentofHerpetology MuseumofComparativeZoology, Harvard , University, Cambridge, Massachusetts02138, U.S.A. DavidChiszar DepartmentofPsychology, UniversityofColorado, Boulder, Colorado80309-0345, U.S.A. Abstract. The purpose ofthis application is to conserve the generic name Pseudoxy- rhopus Giinther, 1881. The name is in current universal usage for a genus ofsnakes from Madagascar but was originally published as an unnecessary replacement for HomalocephalusJan, 1863,whichhasnotbeenusedforover 100years. 1 ThegenericnameHomalocephalusJan, 1863a(p.286)wasproposedforthesingle new species H. heterurus Jan, 1863. The name was used by the author in two later publications(Jan, 1863b, p. 52;Jan& SordeUi, 1866, pi. 4, fig. 2) but hasappeared in. onlytwootherpublicationsintheprimaryUterature(Boettger, 1877,p.32;Hoffmann, 1886,p. 1679). 2. The taxonomic genus to which Jan (1863) applied the name Homalocephalus is vaHd and has been recognized as suchconsistently. Giinther(1881, p. 359), however, proposed a replacementname, Pseudoxyrhopus,explainingthat 'Jandescribed under the name Homalocephalus a genus ofColubrine Snakes from Madagascar... whilst admittingthesnakedescribedbyhimasthetypeofadistinctgenus,Iamcompelledto changethename, whichispreoccupiedin Entomology'. Guntherdidnotmentionthe insectnamebutitseemslikelythathewasreferringtoHomalocephalaZetterstedt, 1838 (col. 749) in the Diptera; there is no name Homalocephalus other than Jan's (1863). Hoge(1958,p. 51)recordedPseudoxyrhopusasa'nomennovumproHomalocephalus Jan 1863, non Zetterstedt 1838'. Williams & Wallach (1989, p. 125) noted that Pseudoxyrhopuswasa'substitutenameforHomalocephalusJan;erroneouslybelieved tobepreoccupiedbyHomalocephalaZetterstedt(1838)Diptera'.Theyalsonotedthat the name Pseudoxyrhopus 'needs conservation'. The 1985 Code (as well as previous ) BulletinofZoologicalNomenclature49(4)December1992 285 editions)states(Article56b)thatgenus-groupnamesdifferingbyoneletterarenot to beregardedashomonyms. 3. Giinther (1881) established the new name microps for a second species of Pseudoxyrhopus; thiswaserroneouslycited as the typespeciesofthegenusby Welch (1982,p. 182).yjndcrAvUcXtdlhHomalocephalusheterurusian, 1863isthetypespecies ofboth HomalocephalusandPseudoxyrhopus. 4. Compliancewiththeprincipleofprioritywouldrequiretheuseoftheseniorname HomalocephalusJan, 1863. However, with the single exception ofHoffmann (1886), Pseudoxyrhopus Giinther, 1881 has consistently been used in all works in which the genus has been regarded asdistinct. There are eight nominal species in the genus, all endemictoMadagascar(seeBrygoo. 1983,pp. 37,55).Anadditionalspecies,Xenodon punctatusPeters, 1880.includedinthegenusbyBoulenger(1890,p. 314),Guibe(1959, pp. 227-228) and Welch (1982, p. 182), has been shown (Hoge, 1958, pp. 49-52) to belongintheunrelatedgenusSordellinaProcter, 1923 from Brazil. 5. AcursoryreviewoftheliteraturerevealsthatPseudoxyrhopusGiinther. 1881 has been used as valid in at least 34 works by 30 authors since it was proposed. Recent authorsincludeBellairs(1969,p. 540), Blanc(1971,pp. 122, 126), Brygoo(1987,pp.9, 12),Domergue(1969,pp. 16, 17,20),McDowell(1987,p.37),Romer(1956,p. 58)and Underwood (1967). A list ofa further 20 references, additional to those cited in the courseofthisapplication,isheldbytheCommissionSecretariat.Pseudoxryhopusisthe type genus ofthe family-group (tribe or subfamily) pseudoxyrhopini or pseudoxy- RHOPINAE Dowling, 1975 (p. 169) which includes nine genera (Dowling, 1986). The family-groupnamehasappearedinfurtherpublications(Smith,Smith&Sawin, 1977, p. 118andDowling,Highton, Maha&Maxson, 1983,p. 323). 6. The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature is accordingly asked: (1 touseitsplenarypowerstosuppressthegenericnameHomalocephalusJan, 1863 forthepurposesofthePrincipleofPrioritybutnotforthoseofthePrincipleof Homonymy; (2) to placeon theOfficial ListofGenericNamesin Zoology thename Pseudoxy- rhopus Giinther, 1881 (gender: masculine), type species by monotypy of the replaced nominal genus HomalocephalusJan, 1863, Homalocephalusheterurus Jan, 1863; (3) toplaceontheOfficialListofSpecificNamesinZoologythenameheterurusJan, 1863, aspublished in the binomen Homalocephalusheterurus(specific name of thetypespeciesoiPseudoxyrhopusGunther, 1881); (4) toplaceontheOfficialIndexofRejectedandInvalidGenericNamesinZoology thenameHomalocephalusJan, 1863,assuppressedin(1)above. References Bellairs,A.d'A. 1969. Thelifeofreptiles,vol.2.Pp.283-590.Weidenfeld&Nicolson,London. Blanc, C.P. 1971. Les reptiles de Madagascar et des iles voisines. Annates de I'Universite de Madagascar,S:95-nS. Boettger,0. 1877.DieReptilienundAmphibienvonMadagascar.Abhandlungenherausgegeben vonderSenckenbergischenNaturforschendenGesellschaft,11: 1-56. Boulenger,G.A. 1890. OntheOphidiangenusPseudoxyrhopus,Gthr. AnnalsandMagazineof NaturalHistory,(6)6(34):311-314. 286 BulletinofZoologicalNomenclature49(4)December1992 Brygoo,E.R. 1983.LesophidiensdeMadagascar.MemoriasdoInstitutoButantan,46: 19-58. Brygoo,E.R.1987.L'endemismedesreptilesdeMadagascar.BulletindelaSocieteZoologiquede France,112(1-2):5-38. Domergue,C.A. 1969.Clesimplifieepourladeterminationsurleterraindesserpentscommuns deMadagascar.BulletindeI'AcademieMalagache,45(2): 13-26. Dowling,H.G.1975.Aprovisionalclassificationofsnakes. YearbookofHerpetology,\: 167-170. Dowling,H.G. 1986.ProdromusofanewclassificationofSerpentes.II(Arrangementofgenera). 22pp.Unpublishedms. Dowling, H.G., Highton, R., Maha, G.C. & Maxson, L.R. 1983. Biochemical evaluation of colubridsnakephylogeny.JournalofZoology,201:309-329. Guibe,J. 1959.LesserpentsdeMadagascar.MemoiresdeI'InstitutScientifiquedeMadagascar, (A)12: 189-260. Giinther, A.C.L.G. 1881. Seventhcontribution to theknowledgeofthefaunaofMadagascar. AnnalsandMagazineofNaturalHistory,(5)7(41):357-360. Hoffmann, C.K. 1886. Reptilien. III. Schlangen und Entwicklungsgeschichte der Reptilien. Pp. 1569-1680 in: H.G. Bronn's Klassen undOrdnungen des Thier-Reichs, vol. 6, part 3, Lieferungen50-53.Winter,Leipzig. Hoge,A.R. 1958.DiesystematischeStellungvonXenodonpunctatusPeters 1880undPhilodryas taeniatusHensel 1868.MitteilungenausdemZoologischenMuseuminBerlin,34(1):49-56. Jan, G. 1863a. Enumerazione sistematica degli ofidi appartenenti al gruppo Coronellidae. ArchivioperlaZoologia,I'AnatomiaelaFisiologia,2(2):211-330. Jan,G. 1863b.Elencosistematicadegliofididescrittiedisegnatiperriconografiagenerale.143pp. Lombardi,Milan. Jan, G. & Sordelli, F. 1866. Iconographie generale des ophidiens, vol. 1, Hvraison 17. 6 pis. Bailliere,Paris. McDowell,S.B. 1987.Systematics.Pp.3-50inSeigel,R.A.,Collins,J.T.&Novak,S.S.,Snakes: ecologyandevolutionary biology,xiv,529pp.Macmillan,NewYork. Romer,A.S. 1956.Osteologyofthereptiles.Illpp.UniversityofChicago,Chicago. Smith, H.M., Smith, R.B. & Sawin, H.L. 1977. A summary ofsnake classification (Reptilia, Serpentes).JournalofHerpetology,11(2): 115-121. Underwood, G. 1967. A contribution to the classification ofsnakes, x, 179 pp. British Museum (NaturalHistory),London. Welch,K.R.G. 1982. HerpetologyofAfrica: achecklistandbibliographyoftheordersAmphis- baenia,SauriaandSerpentes.x,293pp.Krieger,Malabar,Florida. Williams,K.L.&Wallach,V. 1989.Snakesoftheworld,vol. 1(Synopsisofsnakegenericnames). viii,234pp.Krieger,Malabar,Florida. Zetterstedt,J.W. 1838. SectioTertia(Diptera).Conspectusfamiliarumetgenerumdipterorum Lapponiae.Cols.496-868in:InsectaLapponicadescripta.Voss,Lipsiae.

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