Cascade Use in Technologies 2018: Internationale Konferenz zur Kaskadennutzung und Kreislaufwirtschaft – Oldenburg 2018

164 Pages·2019·9.976 MB·English-German

by  Alexandra Pehlken, Matthias Kalverkamp, Rikka Wittstock

Alexandra Pehlken
Matthias Kalverkamp
Editors
Rikka Wittstock
Cascade Use in
Technologies 2018
Internationale Konferenz
zur Kaskadennutzung
und Kreislaufwirtschaft – Oldenburg 2018
Cascade Use in Technologies 2018
Alexandra Pehlken · Matthias Kalverkamp
Rikka Wittstock
Editors
Cascade Use in
Technologies 2018
Internationale Konferenz zur
Kaskadennutzung und Kreislaufwirtschaft –
Oldenburg 2018
Editors
Alexandra Pehlken Rikka Wittstock
Cascade Use Research Group Deparment of Accounting and Information Systems
Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg University of Osnabrück
Oldenburg, Germany Osnabrück, Germany
Matthias Kalverkamp
Cascade Use Research Group
Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg
Oldenburg, Germany
ISBN 978-3-662-57885-8 ISBN 978-3-662-57886-5 (eBook)
https://doi.org/ 10.1007/978-3-662-57886-5
Library of Congress Control Number: 2018951672
Springer Vieweg
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Preface
C ascade Use in Technologies is dedicated to cascading approaches of materials and
products and fits perfectly to the Circular Economy discussion within Europe and the
rest of the world. Most methods used in this context can be more or less allocated to life
cycle management approaches with a rather technical perspective, as most of the arti-
cles presented here in this book are engineering driven. Therefore, it is a novel forum for
reporting technological breakthroughs in the area of cascading materials and products in
the domains of Automotive, Electronics, Computing, Renewable Energy Technology and
Resource Criticality in general.
Cascading generally addresses the full utilization of components through cascades of
reuse, recycling, and recovery (final sink). Process paths are not fixed, as inputs can go
directly to recycling or recovery. However, in many cases it is desirable from an environ-
mental perspective to maintain products at the reuse or recycling levels of the cascade.
Cascade utilization is a widely applied concept within the biomass domain and the Cas-
cade Use research group fosters the transfer of this concept to other products and materi-
als (e.g. critical and strategic metals). In addition, the generation of ideas on how existing
management approaches (e.g. waste management, production planning and control), the
given landscape of end-of-life management software and databases on end-of-life prod-
ucts (e.g. company or network specific databases) can effectively support the implemen-
tation of the cascade use concept has been identified as an essential towards a circular
economy. Waste flows could be minimised and nearly avoided if more knowledge was
available on qualitative and quantitative data of products and material flows. All involved
stakeholders could manage their supply chains according to the available resources if
they knew the time and composition of materials in products.
T he cascading approach clearly addresses the Circular Economy goals. By reusing
and recycling materials and products, we keep secondary resources in the loop and pro-
tect primary reserves in both open and closed loop life cycles. Ideally, the circular econ-
omy achieves closed-loop recycling to avoid waste flows directly during manufacturing.
In today’s reality, however, this is clearly not happening. This fact is a main driver for the
creation of this book, the purpose of which is to address challenges and opportunities for
implementing the cascade use concept. Why are loops often hindered and what are the
V
VI Preface
barriers and possible options for closing the cycle? The different chapters of this book
discuss major challenges and opportunities of recycling/reuse loops within product life
cycles, not only focussing on technical approaches but also on economic and logistical
aspects. The “International Conference on Cascade Use and Circular Economy - ICCCE
2018” held in Oldenburg i.O., Germany in 2018 brought together experts from around
the world and was organized by the Cascade Use research group, funded by the German
Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) under the research grant FONA –
Globaler Wandel. After five years of sustainability research in sustainable resource
management at Oldenburg University, the Cascade Use research group under the lead
of Alexandra Pehlken combined their excellent network to gather most of their partners
in the one spot, where the group started: in Oldenburg in the North-western region of
Lower Saxony, Germany. Since Cascade Use already had a strong relation to the Shang-
hai Jiao Tong University, the conference was scientifically supported by Prof. Chen Ming
and the AARTI – Alliance of Automotive Recovery Technology Innovation from China.
Contributions from China, Northern America and Europe with case studies focussing
on various products and technologies complete this book on “Cascade Use in Technolo-
gies”. We acknowledge all authors, without whom no book would have been possible in
the first place. In addition, we thank our ICCCE 2018 team members for their efforts in
organizing and supporting the conference and this book, including the professionals from
Springer.
A special thank goes to the German Ministry BMBF, the Federal Ministry of Educa-
tion and Research for providing the funding for the Cascade Use research group, funded
from 2014 to 2019 at the Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg. Cascade Use was
promoted by the FONA program and guided by the DLR during the past five years and
we are grateful for the financial support making the ICCCE 2018 and this book possible.
E njoy this book as we have enjoyed selecting the papers for this book. Hopefully,
Cascade Use in Technologies will help foster new and innovative research worldwide.
The Editors,
Alexandra Pehlken
Matthias Kalverkamp
Rikka Wittstock
Contents
Cascade Utilization During the End-of-Life of Product Service Systems:
Synergies and Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Muztoba Ahmad Khan, Matthias Kalverkamp and Thorsten Wuest
Shifting Remanufactured Products from Used to New . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Aleksandra Patrycja Wewer and Thomas Guidat
Planned Obsolescence in Portable Computers -
Empirical Research Results - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Martin Adrion and Jörg Woidasky
Gaps and Needs within the WEEE Management in Brazil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Sascha Diedler and Kerstin Kuchta
Formal and Informal E-waste Collection in Mexico City . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Nina Tsydenova and Merle Heyken
E-Book Reader Recyclability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Ersin Karadeniz , Christian Klinke and Jörg Woidasky
Extraction Potential of Tantalum from Spent Capacitors
Through Bioleaching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Mehmet Ali Kucuker , Xiaochen Xu and Kerstin Kuchta
Comparability of Life Cycle Assessments: Modelling and Analyzing LCA
Using Different Databases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Matthias Kalverkamp and Neele Karbe
Reuse, Recycling and Recovery of End-of-Life New Energy
Vehicles in China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Weiqun Han , Yuan Shi , Alexandra Pehlken , Goufang Zhang , Pang-Chieh Sui and
Jinsheng Xiao
VII
VIII Contents
Assessment of Reusability of Used Car Part Components with Support
of Decision Tool RAUPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Alexandra Pehlken , Björn Koch and Matthias Kalverkamp
A SWOT and AHP Methodology for the Formulation of Development
Strategies for China's Waste EV Battery Recycling Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Zhu Lingyun and Chen Ming
Evaluation of the Recyclability of Traction Batteries Using the Concept
of Information Theory Entropy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Nicolas Bognar , Julian Rickert , Mark Mennenga , Felipe Cerdas and
Christoph Herrmann
The Importance of Recyclability for the Environmental Performance
of Battery Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Jens F. Peters , Manuel Baumann and Marcel Weil
Assessment of the Demand for Critical Raw Materials for the
Implementation of Fuel Cells for Stationary and Mobile Applications . . . . . . . . 111
Rikka Wittstock , Alexandra Pehlken , Fernando Peñaherrera and
Michael Wark
The Material Use of Perovskite Solar Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Juan Camillo Gomez , Thomas Vogt and Urte Brand
Comparison of Cascaded Utilization with Life Cycle Assessment –
a Case Study of Wind Turbine Blades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Kalle Wulf , Frauke Germer and Henning Albers
Development and Application of Metrics for Evaluation of Cumulative
Energy Effi ciency for IT Devices in Data Centers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Fernando Peñaherrera and Katharina Szczepaniak
Contributors
Martin Adrion School of Engineering , Pforzheim University , Pforzheim , Germany
Henning Albers Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of
Applied Sciences Bremen , Bremen , Germany
Manuel Baumann Institute for Technology Assessment and Systems Analysis (ITAS) ,
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Karlsruhe , Germany
Nicolas Bognar Chair of Sustainable Manufacturing & Life Cycle Engineering,
Institute of Machine Tools and Production Technology (IWF), Battery LabFactory
Braunschweig (BLB) , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Braunschweig , Germany
Urte Brand Institute of Networked Energy Systems , DLR , Oldenburg , Germany
Felipe Cerdas Chair of Sustainable Manufacturing & Life Cycle Engineering, Institute
of Machine Tools and Production Technology (IWF), Battery LabFactory Braunschweig
(BLB) , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Braunschweig , Germany
Sascha Diedler Institute of Environmental Technology and Energy Economics ,
Hamburg University of Technology , Hamburg , Germany
Frauke Germer Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of
Applied Sciences Bremen , Bremen , Germany
Juan Camillo Gomez Institute of Networked Energy Systems , DLR , Oldenburg ,
Germany
Thomas Guidat Department of Machine Tools and Factory Management , Technical
University Berlin , Berlin , Germany
Weiqun Han College of Science & Arts, Jianghan University, Hubei, China; Hubei
Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components and Hubei
Collaborative Innovation Center for Automotive Components Technology , Wuhan
University of Technology , Hubei , China
IX
X Contributors
Christoph Herrmann Chair of Sustainable Manufacturing & Life Cycle Engineering,
Institute of Machine Tools and Production Technology (IWF), Battery LabFactory
Braunschweig (BLB) , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Braunschweig , Germany
Merle Heyken Department of Ecological Economics , Carl von Ossietzky University of
Oldenburg , Oldenburg , Germany
Matthias Kalverkamp Cascade Use Research Group , Carl von Ossietzky University of
Oldenburg , Oldenburg , Germany
Ersin Karadeniz School of Engineering , Pforzheim University , Pforzheim , Germany
Neele Karbe Cascade Use Research Group , Carl von Ossietzky University of
Oldenburg , Oldenburg , Germany
Muztoba Ahmad Khan Industrial and Management Systems Engineering , West
Virginia University , Morgantown , WV , USA
Christian Klinke School of Engineering , Pforzheim University , Pforzheim, Germany
Björn K och Cascade Use Research Group , Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg ,
Oldenburg , Germany
Kerstin Kuchta Institute of Environmental Technology and Energy Economics ,
Hamburg University of Technology , Hamburg , Germany
Mehmet Ali Kucuker Institute of Environmental Technology and Energy Economics ,
Hamburg University of Technology , Hamburg , Germany
Zhu Lingyun School of Mechanical Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University ,
Shanghai , P.R. China
Mark Mennenga Chair of Sustainable Manufacturing & Life Cycle Engineering,
Institute of Machine Tools and Production Technology (IWF), Battery LabFactory
Braunschweig (BLB) , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Braunschweig , Germany
Chen Ming School of Mechanical Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University ,
Shanghai , P.R. China
Alexandra Pehlken Cascade Use Research Group , Carl von Ossietzky University ,
Oldenburg , Germany
Fernando Peñaherrera Cascade Use , Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg ,
Oldenburg , Germany
Jens F. Peters Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) ,
Karlsruhe , Germany