Casarett & Doull's Essentials of Toxicology PDF
Preview Casarett & Doull's Essentials of Toxicology
Casar ett & Dou ll’s Essen t ials of oxicology NOTICE Medicine is an ever-changing science. As new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy are required. T e authors and the publisher o this work have checked with sources believed to be reliable in their e orts to provide in ormation that is complete and generally in accord with the standards accepted at the time o publication. However, in view o the possibility o human error or changes in medical sciences, neither the authors nor the publisher nor any other party who has been involved in the preparation or publication o this work warrants that the in ormation contained herein is in every respect accurate or complete, and they disclaim all responsibility or any errors or omissions or or the results obtained rom use o the in ormation contained in this work. Readers are encouraged to con rm the in ormation contained herein with other sources. For example and in particular, readers are advised to check the product in ormation sheet included in the package o each drug they plan to administer to be certain that the in ormation contained in this work is accurate and that changes have not been made in the recommended dose or in the contraindications or administration. T is recommendation is o particular importance in connection with new or in requently used drugs. Casar et t & D ou ll’s Essen t ials of oxicology T ird Edition Editors Cur tis D. Klaassen, PhD University Distinguished Professor Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City, Kansas John B. Watkins III, PhD Associate Dean and Director Professor of Pharmacology and oxicology Medical Sciences Program Indiana University School of Medicine Bloomington, Indiana New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2015, by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher, with the exception that the program listings may be entered, stored, and executed in a computer system, but they may not be reproduced for publication. ISBN: 978-0-07-184709-4 MHID: 0-07-184709-X The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-0-07-184708-7, MHID: 0-07-184708-1. eBook conversion by codeMantra Version 1.0 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the bene t of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill Education eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions or for use in corporate training programs. To contact a representative, please visit the Contact Us page at www.mhprofessional.com. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and McGraw-Hill Education and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill Education’s prior consent. You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited. Your right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these terms. THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS.” McGRAW-HILL EDUCATION AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCURACY, ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUDING ANY INFORMATION THAT CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. McGraw-Hill Education and its licensors do not warrant or guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or error free. Neither McGraw-Hill Education nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for any damages resulting therefrom. McGraw-Hill Education has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed through the work. Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill Education and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages. This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise. Contents Contributors vii Pre ace xiii 1 4 U N I U N I GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF TARGET ORGAN TOXICITY 163 TOXICOLOGY 1 11. oxic Responses o the Blood John C. Bloom, Andrew E. Schade, 1. History and Scope o oxicology and John . Brandt 163 Michael A. Gallo 1 12. oxic Responses o the Imm ne System 2. Principles o oxicology B arbara L.F. Kaplan, Courtney E.W. Sulentic, David L. Eaton and Steven G. Gilbert 5 Michael P. Holsapple, and Norbert E. 3. Mechanisms o oxicity Kaminski 177 Zoltán Gregus 21 13. oxic Responses o the Liver 4. Risk Assessment Hartmut Jaeschke 195 Elaine M. Faustman and Gilbert S. Omenn 49 14. oxic Responses o the Kidney Rick G. Schnellmann 209 2 U N I 15. oxic Responses o the Respiratory System DISPOSITION OF TOXICANTS 61 George D. Leikau 223 16. oxic Responses o the Nervo s System 5. Absorption, Distrib tion, Virginia C. Moser, Michael Aschner, and Excretion o oxicants Rudy J. Richardson, and Martin A. Philbert 237 Lois D. Lehman-McKeeman 61 17. oxic Responses o the Oc lar 6. Biotrans ormation o Xenobiotics and Vis al System Andrew Parkinson, Brian W. Ogilvie, David B. Donald A. Fox and William K. Boyes 255 Buckley, Faraz Kazmi, Maciej Czerwinski, and Oliver Parkinson 79 18. oxic Responses o the Heart and Vasc lar System 7. oxicokinetics Y. James Kang 271 Danny D. Shen 109 19. oxic Responses o the Skin 3 Robert H. Rice and T eodora M. Mauro 291 U N I 20. oxic Responses o the Reprod ctive System NONORGAN-DIRECTED TOXICITY 121 Paul M.D. Foster and L. Earl Gray Jr. 303 8. Chemical Carcinogenesis 21. oxic Responses o the Endocrine System James E. Klaunig 121 Patricia B. Hoyer and Jodi A. Flaws 319 9. Genetic oxicology R. Julian Preston and George R. Hof mann 135 10. Developmental oxicology John M. Rogers 149 v vi CON EN S 5 7 U N I U N I TOXIC AGENTS 333 APPLICATIONS OF TOXICOLOGY 441 22. oxic Ef ects o Pesticides 30. Ecotoxicology Lucio G. Costa 333 Richard . Di Giulio and Michael C. Newman 441 23. oxic Ef ects o Metals 31. Food oxicology Erik J. okar, Windy A. Boyd, Jonathan H. Frank N. Kotsonis and George A. Burdock 453 Freedman, and Michael P. Waalkes 347 32. Analytical and Forensic oxicology 24. oxic Ef ects o Solvents and Vapors Bruce A. Goldberger and Diana G. Wilkins 463 J ames V. Bruckner, S. Satheesh Anand, 33. Clinical oxicology and D. Alan Warren 361 Louis R. Cantilena Jr. 471 25. oxic Ef ects o Radiation and Radioactive 34. Occ pational oxicology Materials Peter S. T orne 481 David G. Hoel 373 26. oxic Ef ects o Plants and Animals Answers to Chapter Questions 491 John B. Watkins, III 381 Index 495 27. oxic Ef ects o Calories M artin J. Ronis, Kartik Shankar, and T omas M. Badger 401 6 U N I ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 411 28. Nanotoxicology G unter Oberdörster, Agnes B. Kane, Rebecca D. Kapler, and Robert H. Hurt 411 29. Air Poll tion Daniel L. Costa and erry Gordon 425 Contr ibutor s S. Satheesh Anand, PhD, DAB William K. Boyes, PhD Senior Research oxicologist Neurotoxicology Branch Haskell Global Centers or Health and Environmental oxicity Assessment Division Sciences National Health and Environmental E ects Research Newark, Delaware Laboratory Chapter 24 O ce o Research and Development US Environmental Protection Agency Michael Aschner, PhD Research riangle Park, North Carolina Pro essor Chapter 17 Department o Pediatrics Vanderbilt University Medical Center John . Brandt, MD Nashville, ennessee Eli Lilly & Co. (retired) Chapter 16 Indianapolis, Indiana Chapter 11 T omas M. Badger, PhD Distinguished Faculty Scholar James V. Br ckner, PhD Pro essor Pro essor o Pharmacology & oxicology Departments o Pediatrics and Physiology/Biophysics Department o Pharmaceutical & Biomedical University o Arkansas or Medical Sciences Sciences Director College o Pharmacy Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center University o Georgia Little Rock, Arkansas Athens, Georgia Chapter 27 Chapter 24 John C. Bloom, VMD, PhD David B. B ckley, PhD President Chie Scienti c O cer Bloom Consulting Services, LLC Xeno ech, LLC Special Government Employee Lenexa, Kansas FDA Chapter 6 Adjunct Pro essor o Pathology George A. B rdock, PhD, DAB , FACN Schools o Veterinary Medicine President University o Pennsylvania and Purdue University Burdock Group Consultants Indianapolis, Indiana Orlando, Florida Chapter 11 Chapter 31 Windy A. Boyd, PhD Lo is R. Cantilena Jr., MD, PhD Biologist Pro essor, Medicine and Pharmacology Biomolecular Screening Branch Department o Medicine National oxicology Program Division Uni ormed Services University National Institute o Environmental Health Sciences, NIH Bethesda, Maryland Research riangle Park, North Carolina Chapter 33 Chapter 23 vii viii CON RIBu ORS Daniel L. Costa, PhD Pa l M.D. Foster, PhD O ce o Research and Development Chie National Program Director or Air, Climate, and Energy oxicology Branch Research Program Division o the National oxicology Program US Environmental Protection Agency National Institute o Environmental Health Sciences Research riangle Park, North Carolina Research riangle Park, North Carolina Chapter 29 Chapter 20 L cio G. Costa, PhD Donald A. Fox, PhD Pro essor Pro essor o Vision Sciences Department o Environmental and Occupational Biology and Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Health and Health Sciences Human Per ormance School o Public Health University o Houston University o Washington Houston, exas Seattle, Washington Chapter 17 Chapter 22 Jonathan H. Freedman, PhD Maciej Czerwinski, PhD Laboratory o oxicology and Pharmacology Principal Scientist National Institute o Environmental Health Sciences Xeno ech, LLC Research riangle Park, North Carolina Lenexa, Kansas Chapter 23 Chapter 6 Michael A. Gallo, PhD Richard . Di Gi lio, PhD Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Pro essor Institute Nicholas School o the Environmental Rutgers-T e State University o New Jersey Duke University UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Durham, North Carolina Piscataway, New Jersey Chapter 30 Chapter 1 David L. Eaton, PhD Steven G. Gilbert, PhD Pro essor Director Department o Environmental and Occupational Institute o Neurotoxicology & Neurological Disorders Health Sciences Seattle, Washington Associate Vice Provost or Research Chapter 2 University o Washington Br ce A. Goldberger, PhD Seattle, Washington Pro essor and Director o oxicology Chapter 2 Departments o Pathology and Psychiatry Elaine M. Fa stman, PhD University o Florida College o Medicine Pro essor Gainesville, Florida Institute or Risk Analysis and Risk Communication Chapter 32 Department o Environmental and Occupational erry Gordon, PhD Health Sciences Pro essor School o Public Health Department o Environmental Medicine University o Washington NYU School o Medicine Seattle, Washington uxedo, New York Chapter 4 Chapter 29 Jodi A. Flaws, PhD L. Earl Gray Jr., PhD Pro essor Reproductive oxicology Branch Department o Comparative Biosciences United States Environmental Protection Agency University o Illinois Adjunct Pro essor Urbana, Illinois North Carolina State University Chapter 21 Raleigh, North Carolina Chapter 20 CON RIBu ORS ix Zoltán Greg s, MD, PhD, DSc, DAB Norbert E. Kaminski, PhD Pro essor Pro essor Department o Pharmacology and T erapeutics Department o Pharmacotherapy and oxicology oxicology Section Director University o Pecs Center or Integrative oxicology Medical School Michigan State University Pecs, Hungary East Lansing, Michigan Chapter 3 Chapter 12 David G. Hoel, PhD Agnes B. Kane, MD, PhD Principal Scientist Pro essor Exponent, Inc Department o Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Alexandria, Virginia Brown University Distinguished University Pro essor Providence, Rhode Island Department o Medicine Chapter 28 Medical University o South Carolina Y. James Kang, DVM, PhD, FA S Charleston, South Carolina Pro essor and Distinguished University Scholar Chapter 25 Department o Pharmacology and oxicology George R. Hof mann, PhD University o Louisville School o Medicine Pro essor Louisville, Kentucky Department o Biology Chapter 18 College o the Holy Cross Barbara L.F. Kaplan, PhD Worcester, Massachusetts Assistant Pro essor Chapter 9 Center or Integrative oxicology Michael P. Holsapple, PhD, A S Department o Pharmacology and oxicology and Senior Research Leader Neuroscience Systems oxicology Program Health and Li e Sciences Global Business Michigan State University Battelle Memorial Institute East Lansing, Michigan Columbus, Ohio Chapter 12 Chapter 12 Faraz Kazmi, BS Patricia B. Hoyer, PhD Senior Scientist Pro essor Xeno ech, LLC Department o Physiology Lenexa, Kansas College o Medicine Chapter 6 T e University o Arizona Rebecca D. Kapler, PhD ucson, Arizona School o Freshwater Sciences Chapter 21 University o Wisconsin-Milwaukee Robert H. H rt, PhD Milwaukee, Wisconsin Pro essor Chapter 28 School o Engineering James E. Kla nig, PhD, A S, IA P Director Pro essor Institute or Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation Environmental Health Brown University Indiana University Providence, Rhode Island Bloomington, Indiana Chapter 28 Chapter 8 Hartm t Jaeschke, PhD, A S Frank N. Kotsonis, PhD Pro essor and Chair Retired Corporate Vice President Department o Pharmacology, oxicology & T erapeutics Worldwide Regulatory Sciences University o Kansas Medical Center Monsanto Corporation Kansas City, Kansas Skokie, Illinois Chapter 13 Chapter 31
The list of books you might like
