Carthage Must Be Destroyed: The Rise and Fall of an Ancient Civilization

601 Pages·2011·7.65 MB·English

by  Richard Miles

Table of Contents

Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
List of Illustrations
Acknowledgements
Introduction

Chapter 1 - Feeding the Beast: The Phoenicians and the Discovery of the West
Chapter 2 - New City: The Rise of Carthage
Chapter 3 - The Realm of Heracles–Melqart: Greeks and Carthaginians in the ...
Chapter 4 - The Economy of War: Carthage and Syracuse
Chapter 5 - In the Shadow of Alexander the Great: Carthage and Agathocles
Chapter 6 - Carthage and Rome
Chapter 7 - The First Punic War
Chapter 8 - The Camp Comes to Carthage: The Mercenaries’ Revolt
Chapter 9 - Barcid Spain
Chapter 10 - Don’t Look Back
Chapter 11 - In the Footsteps of Heracles
Chapter 12 - The Road to Nowhere
Chapter 13 - The Last Age of Heroes
Chapter 14 - The Desolation of Carthage
Chapter 15 - Punic Faith

Notes
Bibliography
Index
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Copyright © Richard Miles, 2010
All rights reserved

Illustration credits appear on pages ix–xi.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING IN PUBLICATION DATA

Miles, Richard.
Carthage must be destroyed : the rise and fall of an ancient civilization / Richard Miles.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN : 978-1-10151703-1
1. Carthage (Extinct city)—History. 2. Rome—History—Republic, 265–30 B.C. 3. Hannibal, 247–182 B.C.
I. Title. DT269.C35M55 2011
939.73—dc22
2011004123
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For my mother, Julie Miles
List of Illustrations
1. Aeneas’ Farewell from Dido in Carthage, 1675–6, oil on canvas, by
Claude Lorrain, Hamburger Kunsthalle, Hamburg, Germany.
Photograph copyright © Elke Walford, 2005. Photo Scala, Florence/
BPK, Bildagentur fuer Kunst, Kultur und Geschichte, Berlin
2. Panoramic view of Carthage, painting, Musée National de Carthage,
Tunisia. Prisma/Ancient Art & Architecture Collection Ltd
3. Finger ring with setting adorned with a woman’s head, third century
BC, gold, from the Necropolis of sainte-Monique, Carthage. Musée
National de Carthage, Tunisia. Photograph: Institut National du
Patrimoine, Tunisie (INP)
4. Finger ring with setting adorned with the profile of a man’s head,
third century BC, gold, from the Necropolis of sainte-Monique,
Carthage. Musée National de Carthage, Tunisia. Photograph: Institut
National du Patrimoine, Tunisie (INP)
5. Amulets depicting faces, fourth to third century BC, glass, Musée
National de Carthage, Tunisia. Photograph copyright © Charles &
Josette Lenars/CORBIS
6. Relief depicting the unloading of wood after transportation by sea,
eighth century BC, stone, Assyrian, from the Palace of Sargon II,
Khorsabad, Iraq. Musée du Louvre, Paris, France/Lauros/Giraudon/
The Bridgeman Art Library
7. Votive Punic stele depicting Priest holding a child, fourth century
BC, dark limestone, from the tophet of Carthage. Musée National du
Bardo, Tunisia. Photograph copyright © Roger Wood/CORBIS
8. Punic stelae on the cemetery of the tophet, third to second century
BC, Carthage, Tunisia. Photograph copyright © Dave Bartruff/
CORBIS
9. Votive stele depicting Tanit, goddess of Carthage, holding a
caduceus with a dolphin and an inscription, second to first century BC,
limestone, Phoenician, from Tophet El-Horfa, Algeria. Musée du
Louvre, Paris, France/The Bridgeman Art Library
10. Sarcophagus of ‘Winged Priestess’, fourth or third century BC,
marble, from the Necropolis of sainte-Monique, Carthage. Musée
National de Carthage, Tunisia. Photograph: Institut National du
Patrimoine, Tunisie (INP)
11. Youth of Motya, c. 470–450 BC, marble, Greek. Museo Giuseppe
Whitaker, Mozia. Regione Siciliana, Soprintendenza per i Beni
Culturali ed Ambientali, Servizio per i Beni Archeologici, Trapani.
Copyright © 2008. Photo Scala, Florence, Italy.
12. Gold sheet with Phoenician text, fifth century BC, from Pyrgi.
Museo di Villa Giulia, Rome, Italy. Copyright © 1990. Photo Scala,
Florence–courtesy of the Ministero Beni e Att. Culturali.
13. Gold sheet with Etruscan text, fifth century BC, from Pyrgi. Museo
di Villa Giulia, Rome, Italy. Copyright © 1990. Photo Scala, Florence
–courtesy of the Ministero Beni e Att. Culturali.
14. Remains of a Phoenician ship, third century BC, Marsala, Italy.
Copyright © 1990. Photo Scala, Florence.
15. Stele of Amrit: Melqart on his lion, c. 550 BC, limestone, from
Amrit, Syria. Musée du Louvre, Paris, France. Copyright © RMN/
Franck Raux
16. Hercules, second century BC, bronze sculpture, Italian school,
Palazzo dei Conservatori, Rome, Italy. Photograph copyright © Araldo
de Luca/CORBIS
17. Silver didrachm showing head of Hercules with she-wolf and twins
design, Roman, issued c. 275–260 BC. Photograph copyright © The
Trustees of the British Museum
18. Punic Mausoleum, early second century BC, Sabrata, Tripolitania,
Libya. Photograph: akg-images, London/Gérard Degeorge
19. Hannibal, first century BC, stone bust. Museo Archeologico
Nazionale, Naples, Italy. Photograph: Mary Evans Picture Library
20. Silver double shekel of Carthage showing head of Hercules-
Melqart, issued by the Barcid family in Spain, c. 230 BC. Photograph
© The Trustees of the British Museum
21. Snow Storm: Hannibal and his Army Crossing the Alps, exhibited
1812, oil on canvas, Joseph Mallord William Turner. Tate Gallery,
London. Photograph copyright © Tate, London 2009
22. The Battle of Zama, 202 BC, 1521, oil on canvas, attributed to
Giulio Romano. The Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow,
Russia. Photograph: akg-images, London
23. Scipio, Publius Cornelius, known as Scipio Africanus the Elder
(235–183 BC), marble bust, Roman. Musei Capitolini, Rome, Italy.
Photograph: akg-images, London/Erich Lessing
24. Cato the Elder (234–149 BC) in a toga, stone sculpture, Roman.