Cover Page i Caring for the Heart Failure Patient Page ii This page intentionally left blank. Page iii Caring for the Heart Failure Patient A textbook for the health care professional Edited by Simon Stewart PhD RN NFESC FAHA Professor and National Heart Foundation of Australia Chair of Cardiovascular Nursing School of Nursing and Midwifery University of South Australia Adelaide Australia Debra K Moser DNSc RN FAAN Professor and Gill Chair of Cardiovascular Nursing University of Kentucky College of Nursing Lexington, KY USA David R Thompson PhD RN FRCN FESC Professor of Nursing and Director Nethersole School of Nursing Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China LONDON AND NEW YORK Page iv © 2004 Martin Dunitz, an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group plc First published in the United Kingdom in 2004 by Martin Dunitz, an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Tel: +44 (0) 20 7583 9855 Fax: +44 (0) 20 7842 2298 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.dunitz.co.uk This edition published in the Taylor & Francis eLibrary, 2005. To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1P 0LP. Although every effort has been made to ensure that all owners of copyright material have been acknowledged in this publication, we would be glad to acknowledge in subsequent reprints or editions any omissions brought to our attention. A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 0203640632 Master ebook ISBN ISBN 0203690583 (OEB Format) ISBN 1 84184 041 6 (Print Edition) Distributed in the USA by Fulfilment Center Taylor & Francis 10650 Toebben Drive Independence, KY 41051, USA Toll Free Tel: +1 800 634 7064 Email: [email protected] Distributed in Canada by Taylor & Francis 74 Rolark Drive Scarborough, Ontario M1R 4G2, Canada Toll Free Tel: +1 877 226 2237 Email: [email protected] Distributed in the rest of the world by Thomson Publishing Services Cheriton House North Way Andover, Hampshire SP10 5BE, UK Tel: +44 (0)1264 332424 Email: [email protected] Composition by EXPO Holdings, Malaysia Page v Contents Contributors vii Preface xi 1 Heart failure: epidemiological considerations for the new millennium 1 Simon Stewart, Kate MacIntyre, John JV McMurray 2 From the individual to the health care system: measuring the burden of heart failure 17 Simon Stewart, David R Thompson 3 The pathophysiology of acute heart failure 31 Mary A Woo 4 The pathophysiology of chronic heart failure 41 Mariann R Piano 5 A new role for primary and secondary prevention in the 21 st century: preventing heart failure 61 David R Thompson, Karen Smith, Simon Stewart 6 Clinical assessment and investigation of patients with suspected heart failure 75 John Byrne, Andrew P Davie, John JV McMurray 7 The management of acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema 93 John Beltrame, John D Horowitz 8 Pharmacological treatment of chronic heart failure 103 Robert N Doughty 9 Nonpharmacologic management of heart failure 115 Debra K Moser, Terry A Lennie, Lynn V Doering 10 The role of exercise and activity in the management of heart failure 133 Cynthia D Adams 11 Caring for the hospitalized heart failure patient 147 Anna Gawlinski 12 Nurseled management programmes in heart failure 161 Tiny Jaarsma, Simon Stewart 13 Caring for the older person with heart failure 181 Mark C Petrie 14 Caring for the patient with endstage heart failure 189 Marjorie Funk, Kimberly Hudson 15 Psychosocial aspects of heart failure management 197 Linda S Baas, Ginger Conway 16 Gender issues in heart failure: meeting the needs of both men and women 211 Anna Strömberg, Jan Mårtensson, Bengt Fridlund 17 Approaches for patient education 225 Sandra B Dunbar, Rosemary Gee, Patricia C Clark 18 Challenges in heart failure care for the 21st century 237 Susan J Bennett, Milton L Pressler Index 247 Page vi This page intentionally left blank. Page vii Contributors Cynthia D Adams RN MSN CS The Care Group, LLC 8333 Naab Road, Suite 400 Indianapolis IN 46260 USA Linda S Baas PhD RN ACNP Associate Professor and Director of Acute Care Program University of Cincinnati College of Nursing PO Box 210038 Cincinnati OH 45221–0038 USA John Beltrame BMBS FRACP PhD FESC Senior Lecturer in Medicine The University of Adelaide Northwestern Adelaide Health Service ℅ The Queen Elizabeth Hospital Cardiology Unit 28 Woodville Road, Woodville South SA 5011 Adelaide, Australia Susan J Bennett DNS RN Professor Indiana University School of Nursing 1111 Middle Drive, NU 317C Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA John Byrne MRCP Consultant Cardiologist Department of Cardiology Medical Unit C Southern General Hospital 1345 Govan Road Glasgow G51 4TF UK Patricia C Clark PhD RN Emory University Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing 531 Asbury Circle NE Atlanta, GA 30022 USA Ginger Conway MSN RN CNP Field Service Instructor and Heart Failure Nurse Practitioner University of Cincinnati Medical Center Internal Medicine—Cardiology Department PO Box 670542 231 Albert Sabin Way Cincinnati, OH 45267–0542 USA Andrew P Davie MD MRCP Consultant Cardiologist Department of Cardiology Medical Unit C Southern General Hospital 1345 Govan Road Glasgow G51 4TF UK Lynn V Doering DNSc RN Associate Professor University of California Los Angeles School of Nursing CA, USA Robert N Doughty Senior Lecturer in Cardiology Department of Medicine University of Auckland Park Road, Auckland New Zealand Sandra B Dunbar DSN RN FAAN Charles Howard Candler Professor Emory University Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing 1520 Clifton Road NE Atlanta, GA 30322–4207 USA Page viii Bengt Fridlund PhD RN Professor of Nursing Lund University Lund Sweden Marjorie Funk PhD RN FAAN Professor Yale University School of Nursing 100 Church Street South PO Box 9740 New Haven CT 06536–0740 USA Anna Gawlinski DNSc RN CS ACNP Clinical Nurse Specialist Associate Adjunct Professor Medical Center and School of Nursing University of California 10775 Wilkins Avenue Unit 103 Los Angeles CA 90024 USA Rosemary Gee RN MSN Emory University Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing 531 Asbury Circle NE Atlanta, GA 30022 USA John D Horowitz Professor, Department of Cardiology University of Adelaide/The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 28 Woodville Rd, Woodville South Australia 5011 Australia Kimberly Hudson MSN RN Nurse Practitioner Middlesex Cardiology Associates 520 Saybrook Road Middletown, Connecticut USA Tiny Jaarsma PhD RN NFESC Associate Professor Department of Cardiology University Hospital Groningen PO Box 30.001 9700 RB Groningen The Netherlands Terry A Lennie PhD RN Associate Professor The Ohio State University College of Nursing Ohio USA Kate MacIntyre Department of Public Health Glasgow University 2 Lilybank Gardens Glasgow G12 8RZ UK John JV McMurray MD FRCP FESC FACC Professor of Medical Cardiology and Honorary Consultant Cardiologist Department of Cardiology Western Infirmary Glasgow G11 6NT UK Jan Mårtensson RN PhD Assistant Professor Halmstad University Halmstad Sweden Debra K Moser DNSc RN FAAN Professor and Gill Chair of Cardiovascular Nursing University of Kentucky, College of Nursing 527 CON Building 760 Rose Avenue Lexington, KY 40536–0232 USA Page ix Mark C Petrie Specialist Registrar in Cardiology CRI in Heart Failure, Wolfson Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ UK Mariann R Piano PhD RN Associate Professor University of Illinois at Chicago College of Nursing (MC 802) 845 S.Damen Chicago, IL 60612 USA Milton L Pressler MD Clinical Development Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Pfizer Global Research and Development Ann Arbor MI 48105 USA Karen Smith PhD RN NFESC Clinical Research Fellow in Cardiac Nursing University of Dundee Dundee UK Simon Stewart PhD RN NFESC Professor and National Heart Foundation of Australia Chair of Cardiovascular Nursing School of Nursing and Midwifery University of South Australia 4th Floor Centenary Building, City East Campus Frome Road Adelaide 5000 Australia Anna Strömberg RN PhD Assistant Professor Department of Medicine and Care Linköping University Linköping Sweden David R Thompson PhD RN FRCN FESC Professor of Nursing and Director Nethersole School of Nursing Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Mary A Woo DNSc RN UCLA School of Nursing PO Box 956917 Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA