Caribbean Revolutions: Cold War Armed Movements PDF
Preview Caribbean Revolutions: Cold War Armed Movements
CaribbeanRevolutions This book provides both a should be an historical introduction and acomparativeanalysisofthefivemostimportantguerrillamovementsin theCaribbeanBasinbetween1959andthe1990s,includingGuatemala,El Salvador,Nicaragua,Colombia,andPuertoRico.Theauthorsarguethat theColdWarshapedandfueledthestructure,tactics,andideologiesofthe diverserevolutionarymovementsintheregion.Theauthorsalsoaddress theparticularimpactthattheCubanRevolutionhadontheregion.Thefirst chapterofCaribbeanRevolutionsprovidesanintroductiontotheCuban Revolution, the Cold War, and Marxist thought. Succeeding chapters analyzeeachcasestudyindividuallyandalsoprovidediscussionsonthe currentpoliticalsituationforalloftheorganizationscoveredinthebook thatremainactive.Withlistsofsuggestedreadingandextraresourcesin eachchapter,thisiswrittenasanaccessiblecoursebookforstudentsof LatinAmericanhistoryandpolitics. RachelA.MayisDirectoroftheInstitutefortheStudyofLatinAmerica andtheCaribbean(ISLAC)attheUniversityofSouthFlorida.Sheisthe authorofTerrorintheCountryside:CampesinoResponsestoPolitical Violence in Guatemala, 1954–1985 (2001). She is the coeditor and a contributor to (Un)Civil Societies: Human Rights and Democratic Transitions in Eastern Europe and Latin America (2007) and La Florida:FiveHundredYearsofHispanicPresence(2014). Alejandro Schneider is Professor of History at both the University of BuenosAiresandtheNationalUniversityofLaPlata(Argentina).Heis a labor historian who has worked on the history of armed and social movementsinLatinAmerica,andheistheauthororeditoroffourteen booksonArgentineandLatinAmericanhistory. Roberto González Arana is Professor of History and Director of the InstituteofLatinAmericaandtheCaribbeanStudiesattheUniversityof theNorth(UniNorte)inBarranquilla,Colombia.Hismanypublications include Dictaduras en el Caribe (2018) and Sociedades en Conflicto: movimientossocialesenAméricaLatina(2016). Caribbean Revolutions Cold War Armed Movements RACHEL A. MAY UniversityofSouthFlorida ALEJANDRO SCHNEIDER UniversityofBuenosAiresandtheNationalUniversity ofLaPlata(Argentina) ROBERTO GONZÁLEZ ARANA UniversityoftheNorth(UniNorte),Colombia UniversityPrintingHouse,Cambridgecb28bs,UnitedKingdom OneLibertyPlaza,20thFloor,NewYork,ny10006,USA 477WilliamstownRoad,PortMelbourne,vic3207,Australia 314–321,3rdFloor,Plot3,SplendorForum,JasolaDistrictCentre, NewDelhi–110025,India 79AnsonRoad,#06–04/06,Singapore079906 CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge. ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepursuitof education,learning,andresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence. www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781108424752 doi:10.1017/9781108344081 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2018 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2018 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabySheridanBooks,Inc. AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. isbn978-1-108-42475-2Hardback isbn978-1-108-44090-5Paperback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyof URLsforexternalorthirdpartyinternetwebsitesreferredtointhispublication anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchwebsitesis,orwillremain, accurateorappropriate. Contents ListofFigures pagevi Acknowledgments vii ListofAcronyms viii 1 CubanRevolutionariesandtheCaribbeanBasin: AnIntroduction 1 2 ArmedRevolutionaryStruggleinGuatemala 22 3 ArmedRevolutionaryStruggleinElSalvador 43 4 TheArmedMovementThatTookPower:TheSandinista NationalLiberationFrontinNicaragua 63 5 ArmedRevolutionaryStruggleinColombia 90 6 ArmedOrganizationswithinthePuertoRicanRevolutionary NationalistMovement 122 7 ArmedRevolutionaryMovementsinComparative Perspective 147 Index 158 v Figures 2.1 Organizationalchartofthehistoricalevolution ofguerrillaorganizationsduringPhase1 page28 3.1 Organizationalchartofthehistoricalevolution ofthefiveorganizationsmakinguptheFMLN 50 vi Acknowledgments This book was several years in the making, but we hope it is better for theseextendedefforts.ThethreeofusmetforthefirsttimeinBarranquilla several years ago, thanks to invitations from the Universidad del Norte. We started this project as a workshop for graduate students from the University of South Florida (USF) only a few months after that first meeting. For their sponsorship of that workshop, we would like to thank the staff of the Institute for the Study of Latin America and the Caribbean (ISLAC) at USF. We would also like to thank Timothy WickhamCrowley,whowasthediscussantatour2014 LASApanelon armedrevolutionarymovementsintheCaribbean.Hiscommentarywas thorough and thoughtful; as a result, we were inspired to continue with thebook.DeborahGershenowitzhasencouragedusalongtheway.Both her input and her patience were invaluable. And of course we are most grateful to our partners and families, especially Doug Dusini, Ivonne Molinares,andVictoriaUgartemendia. vii Acronyms AD-M-19 AlianzaDemocrática ANAPO AlianzaNacionalPopular ANC AcciónNacionalConservadora ATC AsociacióndeTrabajadoresdelCampo BPP BloquePopularPatriótico BPR BloquePopularRevolucionario CAL ComandosArmadosdeLiberación CDC ComitésdeDefensaCivil CEBs ComunidadesEclesialesdeBase CGCS CoordinadoraGuerrilleraSimónBolívar CGT-I ConfederaciónGeneraldeTrabajadoresIndependientes CNG CoordinadoraNacionalGuerrillera CNR ComisiónNacionaldeReconciliación COSEP ConsejoSuperiordelaEmpresaPrivada CRM CoordinaciónRevolucionariadelasMasas CTC ConfederacióndeTrabajadoresColombianos CTN ConfederacióndeTrabajadoresNicaragüenses. CUUN CentroUniversitariodelaUniversidadNacional DRU DirecciónRevolucionariaUnida EDSNN EjércitoDefensordelaSoberaníaNacionaldeNicaragua EGP EjércitoGuerrillerodelosPobres ELN EjércitodeLiberaciónNacional EPR EjércitoRevolucionarioPopular ERP EjércitoRevolucionariodelPueblo ERTC EjércitoRevolucionariodelosTrabajadores Centroamericanos viii ListofAcronyms ix EZLN EjércitoZapatistadeLiberaciónNacional FAL FuerzasArmadasparalaLiberación FALN FuerzasArmadasdeLiberaciónNacional FAO FrenteAmplioOpositor FAR FuerzasArmadasRebeldes FARC FuerzasArmadasRevolucionariasdeColombia FARC-EP Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia–Ejército Popular FARN FuerzasArmadasdeResistenciaNacional FARP FuerzasArmadasdeResistenciaPopular FDR FrenteDemocráticoRevolucionario FER FrentedeEstudiantesRevolucionarios FGEI FrenteGuerrilleroEdgarIbarra FLN FrentedeLiberaciónNacional FMLN FrenteFarabundoMartíparalaLiberaciónNacional FPL FuerzasPopularesdeLiberación FPN FrentePatrióticoNacional FRS FrenteRevolucionarioSandino FSLN FrenteSandinistadeLiberaciónNacional FUAR FrenteUnidadeAcciónRevoucionaria FUN FederaciónUniversitariaNacional FUR FrenteUnidadeResistencia. GPP GuerraProlongadaPopular JMRL JuventudesdelMovimientoRevolucionarioLiberal JRN JuventudRevolucionariaNicaragüense M-19 Movimiento19deAbril MAP MovimientoArmadodelPueblo MCR MovimientoCristianoRevolucionario MES MovimientoEstudiantildeSecundaria MIRA MovimientoIndependentistaRevolucionarioenArmas MLC MovimientoLiberalConstitucionalista MLP MovimientodeLiberacióndelPueblo MNN MovimientoNuevaNicaragua MOEC MovimientoObreroEstudiantilCampesino MPI MovimientoProIndependencia MPU MovimientoPuebloUnido MR-13 MovimientoRebelde13deNoviembre MRL MovimientoRevolucionarioLiberal ORPA OrganizaciónRevolucionariadelPuebloenArmas ORT OrganizaciónRevolucionariadeTrabajadores
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