Cardiovascular Toxicology, Fourth Edition (Target Organ Toxicology Series)

730 Pages·2008·13.2 MB·English

by  Acosta Jr. Daniel

I’am the Bulk-Adjust me!
Toxicology
VOL. VOL.
25
25
TARGET ORGAN
TOXICOLOGY T A R G E T O R G A N T O X I C O L O G Y S E R I E S
about the book…
SERIES
Focused extensively on the toxic effect of chemicals on the cardiovascular
Series Editors
system, Cardiovascular Toxicology, Fourth Edition is comprised of several
A. Wallace Hayes • John A. Thomas • Donald E. Gardner
key sections beyond cardio- and vascular toxicity, such as principles of myocardial
cell injury and key methods of assessing cardiovascular function.
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New developments include:
• an expanded chapter on passive smoking, which includes the adverse a
effects of both first-hand smoking and secondary smoke inhalation r
• a new chapter on the negative effects of environmental chemicals on d
the cardiovascular system i 10
• chapters covering antibacterial agents and endotoxins that include o 7/
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new information on cardiovascular toxicity of antimicrobials, as well v 07/
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as anti-viral agents, antibacterial agents, and other agents a o
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about the editor... ou C niver C
DANIEL ACOSTA, JR. is Dean of the College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, r u h U ardiovasCular
Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. He is the first and only Hispanic dean at the University th l onasy.
of Cincinnati and the only Hispanic dean of pharmacy among the research- Mnl
intensive colleges of pharmacy in the United States. Dr. Acosta is active in E a by e o T
r m us oxiCology
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Award, the Foundation Award in Excellence from the Pharmaceutical Research x ma ourth dition
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and Manufacturers of America Foundation, and several endowed professor- i nf
ships from the University of Texas, where he taught for 22 years. He was also C m i
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elected president of the Society of Toxicology from 2000 to 2001 and was o d fr
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recently honored with the 2005 Society of Toxicology’s Enhancement of Animal l ad
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Welfare Award. At the University of Cincinnati, he has been a driving force in o nl
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implementing a new entry-level Pharm.D. program, in addition to several g Do

new degree programs, including one of the first national masters programs in
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drug development.

Printed in the United States of America
Edited by
Daniel Acosta, Jr.
Acosta
44737
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ardiovasCular
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oxiCology
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TARGET ORGAN TOXICOLOGY SERIES
Series Editors
A. Wallace Hayes, John A. Thomas, and Donald E. Gardner
Cardiovascular Toxicology, Fourth Edition. Daniel Acosta, Jr., editor,
712 pp., 2008
Toxicology of the Gastrointestinal Tract. Shayne C. Gad, editor,
384 pp., 2007
Immunotoxicology and Immunopharmacology, Third Edition. Robert
0 Luebke, Robert House, and Ian Kimber, editors, 676 pp., 2007
1
7/ Toxicology of the Lung, Fourth Edition. Donald E. Gardner, editor,
1
07/ 696 pp., 2006
n
o Toxicology of the Pancreas. Parviz M. Pour, editor, 720 pp., 2005
y
sit Toxicology of the Kidney, Third Edition. Joan B. Tarloff and Lawrence
er
v H. Lash, editors, 1200 pp., 2004
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U Ovarian Toxicology. Patricia B. Hoyer, editor, 248 pp., 2004
h
as Cardiovascular Toxicology, Third Edition. Daniel Acosta, Jr., editor,
ony.
Mnl 616 pp., 2001
by e o NutritionalToxicology,SecondEdition.FrankN.KotsonisandMaureenA.
m us
hcare.copersonal MTNoeaxucirkcoeotyloo,xgeiycdooiltofogrSsyk,,in4S.8e0Hcopowpn.ad,r2dE0dI0.i1tMioani.baHcuhg,hedAit.orT,i5ls5o8npapn.,d20G0.0Jean Harry,
healtFor editors, 386 pp., 1999
a
m Toxicant–Receptor Interactions: Modulation of Signal Transductions and
or
nf Gene Expression. Michael S. Denison and William G. Helferich, editors,
m i 256 pp., 1998
o
d fr Toxicology of the Liver, Second Edition. Gabriel L. Plaa and William R.
de Hewitt, editors, 444 pp., 1997
a
o
nl Free Radical Toxicology. Kendall B. Wallace, editor, 454 pp., 1997
w
o Endocrine Toxicology, Second Edition. Raphael J. Witorsch, editor,
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336 pp., 1995
Carcinogenesis. Michael P. Waalkes and Jerrold M. Ward, editors,
496 pp., 1994
Developmental Toxicology, Second Edition. Carole A. Kimmel and Judy
Buelke-Sam, editors, 496 pp., 1994
Nutritional Toxicology. Frank N. Kotsonis, Maureen A. Mackey, and Jerry
J. Hjelle, editors, 336 pp., 1994
Ophthalmic Toxicology. George C. Y. Chiou, editor, 352 pp., 1992
Toxicology of the Blood and Bone Marrow. Richard D. Irons, editor,
192 pp., 1985
ToxicologyoftheEye,Ear,andOtherSpecialSenses.A.WallaceHayes,
editor, 264 pp., 1985
CutaneousToxicity.VictorA.DrillandPaulLazar,editors,288pp.,1984
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C
ardiovasCular
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oxiCology
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ourth dition
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Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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w Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
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D ISBN-13:978-1-4200-4473-7(hb:alk.paper)

ISBN-10:1-4200-4473-7(hb:alk.paper) 1. Cardiovasculartoxicology. I.Acosta,
Daniel,1945-II.Series.
[DNLM:1. CardiovascularDiseases–chemicallyinduced.
2. CardiovascularSystem—drugeffects. WG100C2672008]
RC677.C372008
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2008015485
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Preface
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on ThefirstthreeeditionsofCardiovascularToxicologyprovidethefoundationforthe
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sit latest,fourtheditionofthismonograph.Thefirstedition,editedbyEthardVanStee,
ver waspublishedin1982,andthenexttwoeditions,editedbyDanielAcosta,Jr.,were
ni
U publishedin1992and2001,respectively.Thecentralthemeofthisbookistoprovide
h
as anin-depthoverviewofmyocardialandvasculartoxicityofchemicalagents.
Monnly. It is one of the few toxicology texts that focus entirely on toxicity of
by e o chemicalstothecardiovascularsystem.Inaddition,themonographseparatesthe
e.com onal us disisncoutsscioomnmofotnhleycfaorudniodvianscoutlhaerrsytesxtetsm. intotheheartandvascularsystem,which
hcarpers Thelatesteditioncontinuestofocusonmechanisticandmolecularaspectsof
healtFor chemicalinjurytotheheartandthevasculature.Furthermore,itcomprisesseveral
ma keysectionsbeyondgeneralcardiovasculartoxicology,suchasamajorreviewon
nfor advancesinthefield,anup-to-datereviewofischemiccellinjury,andadvancesin
m i methodologyformeasuringandevaluatingcardiovascularfunctionandtoxicity.An
o
d fr attempt has been made to provide pertinent information on key, well-known
de cardiovascular toxicants. Thus, many of the chapters are categorized as to the
a
nlo cardiovascular toxic effects of major chemical and therapeutic classes of drugs,
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o industrial agents, and pollutants. The authors have revised and updated all of the
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previouschapterswiththelatestfindingsintheirrespectiveareasofinterest;several
ofthechaptershavenewauthors,whichbringsanewperspectivetothetopic.
We believe that the fourth edition will serve as a useful reference to
clinicians, public health officials, industrial and experimental toxicologists, and
other interested professionals. This monograph may also serve as a recom-
mended or supplementary text for advanced graduate courses in target organ
toxicologyandmayassiststudentsandhealthprofessionals pursuingacareerin
academia, industry, or government.
Daniel Acosta, Jr.
September, 2008
iii
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Contents
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on Preface . . . . . . . iii
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sit Contributors . . . vii
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Uni 1. Advances in Cardiovascular Toxicology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1
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as Y. James Kang
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by e o 2. Pathobiology of Myocardial Ischemic Injury—Implications
m us for Pharmacology and Toxicology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 27
e.coonal L. Maximilian Buja
carers
hp
ahealtFor 3. NofoDncrluingiscaalndSaCfeotmybAisnsaetsisomneMntedofictahleDCevaricdeisovas.c.ul.a.r.T.o.x.ic.i.ty. . .. 67
m
or Shayne C. Gad
nf
m i
o 4. Novel Approaches in The Evaluation of
d fr Cardiovascular Toxicity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
e
ad Enrique Chacon, Joseph W. Starnes, Vivek Kadambi,
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nl Colleen Doherty, and John J. Lemasters
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5. Nonhuman Primate Models for Cardiovascular Research . . . 133
You-Tang Shen, Franco Rossi, and Stephen F. Vatner
6. Cardiovascular Toxicity of Antimicrobials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Daniel P. Healy
7. Cardiotoxicity of Anthracyclines and Other
Antineoplastic Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 173
Jane Pruemer
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vi Contents
8. Pathogenesis of Catecholamine-Induced Cardiomyopathy . . . 207
Naranjan S. Dhalla, Melissa R. Dent, and Amarjit S. Arneja
9. Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Centrally Acting
Psychiatric Medications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
William F. Pettit, Donald Mishra, and Mitchell S. Finkel
10. Adverse Effects of Drugs on Electrophysiological Properties
of the Heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
Cynthia A. Carnes, Gary Gintant, and Robert Hamlin
10 11. Cardiovascular Effects of Steroidal Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
7/
1 Russell B. Melchert, Scott M. Belcher, and Richard H. Kennedy
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o 12. Cardiotoxicity of Industrial Chemicals and
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sit Environmental Pollution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429
er
v Nachman Brautbar, John A. Williams, II, and Michael P. Wu
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ash 13. Passive Smoking Causes Heart Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 547
Monnly. Stanton A. Glantz
by e o
m us 14. Vascular Toxicology: A Cellular and
e.coonal Molecular Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 569
carers Kenneth S. Ramos and E. Spencer Williams
hp
healtFor 15. Pathobiology of the Vascular Response to Percutaneous
a
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or Coronary Intervention and Drug-Eluting Stents . . . . . . . . . . 623
m inf Brigitta C. Brott, Zadok Ruben, and Peter G. Anderson
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d fr 16. The Arterial Media as a Target of Structural and Functional
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ad Injury by Chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 667
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nl Paul J. Boor and Daniel J. Conklin
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Index . . . . . . . 693
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Contributors
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on Peter G. Anderson Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at
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sit Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.A.
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ni Amarjit S. Arneja Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St.Boniface General
U
h Hospital Research Centre, and Departments of Physiology and Internal
s
a
ony. Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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by e o Scott M. Belcher Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics,
e.com onal us University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A.
carers Paul J. Boor Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch,
hp
healtFor Galveston, Texas, U.S.A.
ma Nachman Brautbar Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern
nfor California, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.
m i
o Brigitta C. Brott Interventional Cardiology, University of Alabama at
d fr Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.A.
e
d
a
nlo L. Maximilian Buja Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The
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o University of Texas Health Science Center, and Department of Cardiovascular
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Pathology,TexasHeartInstitute,St.Luke’sEpiscopalHospital,Houston,Texas,
U.S.A.
CynthiaA.Carnes CollegeofPharmacy,andDavisHeartandLungResearch
Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A.
Enrique Chacon Organ Transport Systems, Inc., Frisco, Texas, U.S.A.
Daniel J. Conklin Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology,
University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.A.
vii