Table Of Content

Essential Equations C 2 HAPTER Ventilation Transairway pressure: P 5 P 2 P Laplace’s law—two liquid-gas interfaces: P 5 _4_ S_ T_ ta m alv r Transmural pressure: Ptm 5 Piaw 2 Poaw Poiseuille’s law for flow: V. 5 _P8_rl4_(cid:3) (cid:2)_ Transpulmonary pressure: P 5 P 2 P . tp alv pl Poiseuille’s law for pressure: P 5 _ V _8_l(cid:3)_ Transthoracic pressure: P 5 P 2 P r4 (cid:2) tt alv bs Airway resistance: R 5 _D_.P_ Lung compliance: C 5 _D_V_ aw V L DP Time constants: T (sec) 5 _D_P._ (_c_m _ _H_2_O _) 3 ___D_V_ _(L_)_ __ Elastance: _D_P_ C V (L/sec) DP (cm H2O) DV (R ) (C) aw L Laplace’s law—one liquid-gas interface: P 5 _2_ S_ T_ Minute alveolar ventilation: V. 5 (V 2 V ) 3 breaths/min r A T D C 4 HAPTER The Diffusion of Pulmonary Gases P 3 V Boyle’s law (solving for volume): V 5 _1____ __1 Dalton’s law: Gas A 1 Gas B 5 Gas A 1 B 2 P 2 Boyle’s law (solving for pressure): P2 5 _P_1 _V3_2 _V_1 Ideal alveolar gas equation: PAO2 2 [PB 2 PH2O] FIO2 2 PaCO2 (1.25) Charles’ law: V/T 5 V/T Fick’s law: V. gas < _A_D_(_P_1 _ 2__ P_2_) 1 1 2 2 T Charles’ law (solving for volume): Henry’s law applied to solubility of CO and O : 2 2 V 5 _V_1 _3_ _T_2 _SS_oo_lul_ub_bi_li il_tity_y C_ O_O_2 5 _00_.0._52_94_24_ 5 _21_4_ 2 T 2 1 Graham’s law in comparing diffusion rates for CO and O : _______ 2 2 Gay-Lussac’s law: P1/T1 = P2/T2 _DD_ifi_ffuf_us_si_oi o_nn_ r _ra a_tte_e _f of_or_r C_ O_O_2 5 _ √ √__ G_ G__M_M___WW__ __ C __O_O__2__ 5 _√ √ ___ 34___24___ 5 _56_.._66_ 2 2 Combining Graham’s and Henry’s laws for diffusion of CO and O : 2 2 Gay-Lussac’s law (solving for pressure): P 5 _P_1 _3_ _T_2 _DD_ifi_ffuf_us_si_oi o_nn_ r _ra a_tte_e _f of_or_r C_ O_O_2 5 _65_..6_6_ 3_3_ _ 0 0_..0_5_29_4_24_ 5 _21_0_ 2 T 2 1 C 5 HAPTER The Anatomy and Physiology of the Circulatory System Mean arterial blood pressure: MAP 5 _S_B_P__ 1__ _(2_ _ 3__ D__B_P__) 3 Cardiac output: CO = SV 3 HR Blood pressure: BP = CO 3 SVR Vascular resistance: _M__A_P_ CO (continues on inside back cover) Copyright 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Cardiopulmonary Anatomy & Physiology Essentials of Respiratory Care Sixth Edition Copyright 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Copyright 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. To Katherine, Alexander, Destinee, and Ashley The Next Generation Grandpa T Copyright 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Copyright 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Cardiopulmonary Anatomy & Physiology Essentials of Respiratory Care Sixth Edition Terry Des Jardins, MEd, RRT Professor Emeritus Former Director Department of Respiratory Care Parkland College Champaign, Illinois Faculty/Staff Member University of Illinois College of Medicine at Urbana-Champaign Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States Copyright 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Cardiopulmonary Anatomy & Physiology: © 2013, 2008, 2002, 1998, 1993 Delmar Cengage Learning Essentials of Respiratory Care, Sixth Edition ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein Terry Des Jardins, MEd, RRT may be reproduced, transmitted, stored, or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying, Vice President, Careers and Computing: recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks, Dave Garza or information storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted under Director of Learning Solutions: Matthew Kane Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the prior Associate Acquisitions Editor: Christina Gifford written permission of the publisher. Managing Editor: Marah Bellegarde Senior Product Manager: Laura J. Wood For product information and technology assistance, contact us at Cengage Learning Customer & Sales Support, 1-800-354-9706 Editorial Assistant: Anthony Souza For permission to use material from this text or product, Vice President, Marketing: Jennifer Ann Baker submit all requests online at www.cengage.com/permissions. Marketing Director: Wendy E. Mapstone Further permissions questions can be e-mailed to [email protected] Associate Marketing Manager: Jonathan Sheehan Library of Congress Control Number: 2012933334 Senior Production Director: Wendy A. Troeger Production Manager: Andrew Crouth ISBN-13: 978-0-8400-2258-5 Content Project Manager: Allyson Bozeth ISBN-10: 0-8400-2258-1 Senior Art Director: David Arsenault Delmar 5 Maxwell Drive Clifton Park, NY 12065-2919 USA Cengage Learning is a leading provider of customized learning solutions with office locations around the globe, including Singapore, the United Kingdom, Australia, Mexico, Brazil, and Japan. Locate your local office at: international.cengage.com/region Cengage Learning products are represented in Canada by Nelson Education, Ltd. To learn more about Delmar, visit www.cengage.com/delmar Purchase any of our products at your local college store or at our preferred online store www.cengagebrain.com Notice to the Reader Publisher does not warrant or guarantee any of the products described herein or perform any independent analysis in connection with any of the product information contained herein. Publisher does not assume, and expressly disclaims, any obligation to obtain and include information other than that provided to it by the manufacturer. The reader is expressly warned to consider and adopt all safety precautions that might be indicated by the activities described herein and to avoid all potential hazards. By following the instructions contained herein, the reader willingly assumes all risks in connection with such instructions. The publisher makes no representations or warranties of any kind, including but not limited to, the warranties of fitness for particular purpose or merchantability, nor are any such representations implied with respect to the material set forth herein, and the publisher takes no responsibility with respect to such material. The publisher shall not be liable for any special, consequential, or exemplary damages resulting, in whole or part, from the readers’ use of, or reliance upon, this material. Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 15 14 13 12 Copyright 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. This is an electronic version of the print textbook. Due to electronic rights restrictions, some third party content may be suppressed. Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. The publisher reserves the right to remove content from this title at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. For valuable information on pricing, previous editions, changes to current editions, and alternate formats, please visit www.cengage.com/highered to search by ISBN#, author, title, or keyword for materials in your areas of interest. Copyright 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.