Captive University: The Sovietization of East German, Czech, and Polish Higher Education, 1945-1956

450 Pages·2000·11.034 MB·English

by  John Connelly

UNIVERSITY
EAST GERMAN,
CZECH, AND POLISH
HIGHER EDUCATION,
1945-1956
JOHN CONNELLY
Captive
University
*
The Soviet-
ization of
East German,
Czech, and
Polish Higher
Education
★
1945-1956
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★
CAPTIVE
UNIVERSITY
THE SOVIET-
IZATION OF
EAST GERMAN,
CZECH,AND
POLISH
HIGHER
EDUCATION,
1945-1956
JOHN CONNELLY
THE UNIVERSITY
OF NORTH
CAROLINA
PRESS
CHAPEL HILL AND
LONDON
★
© 2000 Library of Congress
The University Cataloging-in-Publication Data
of North Connelly, John.
Carolina Press Captive university: the
★ Sovietization of East German,
All rights Czech, and Polish higher
reserved education, 1945-1956 / by John
★ Connelly.
Set in Minion p. cm.
by Tseng Information Includes bibliographical
Systems references and index.
★ ISBN 0-8078-2555-7
Manufactured (cloth : alk. paper) —
in the isbn 0-8078-4865-4
United States (pbk. : alk. paper)
of America 1. Higher education and state —
★ Germany (East) 2. Higher
The paper in this book education and state —Poland.
meets the guidelines for 3. Higher education and state —
permanence and durability Czechoslovakia. 4. Communist
of the Committee education —Germany (East)
on Production Guidelines 5. Communist education —
for Book Longevity Poland. 6. Communist
of the Council education — Czechoslovakia.
on Library Resources. 1. Title.
LC178.G29 c66 2000
379-431 —dc2i 00-030262
Portions of this book
appeared previously,
in somewhat different form,
in "Students, Workers,
and Social Change:
The Limits of Czech Stalinism,"
Slavic Review 56, no. 2 (1997):
307-35, and are reprinted here
with permission of the
American Association for
the Advancement
of Slavic Studies.
04 03 02 01 00
5 4 3 2 1
FOR MY PARENTS
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CONTENTS
Preface xi
Abbreviations xvii
Introduction i
PART I. SOVIETIZATION 19
Chapter i.
Soviet and Central European Systems of Higher Education 22
Chapter 2.
Dynamics and Avenues of Sovietization 31
Chapter 3.
Soviet Models in East Central European Higher Education 58
PART II. THE LEGACY OF THE OLD PROFESSORIATE /I
Chapter 4.
Sources of Legitimacy and Cohesion in the Interwar and War Years 80
Chapter 5.
The Foundations of the Early Postwar Years 95
Chapter 6.
Struggles for the University 106
Chapter 7.
Breaking the Professoriate 126
Chapter 8.
The Power of Society and the Power of Milieu 142
Chapter 9.
The Meaning of Milieu 162
Chapter 10.
The Milieu of the Party 180
PART III. THE NEW STUDENT 205
Chapter 11.
The Difficulties of Creating Marxist-Leninist Consciousness 208
Chapter 12.
Polish and East German Student Admissions 226
Chapter 13.
Czech and East German Peculiarities 249
Conclusion 282
Notes 293
Bibliography 399
Index 421
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TABLES
2-1. PPR Membership among First-Year Students at Polish Universities,
1947-48 37
5-1. Continuity of the East German Professoriate 98
7-1. Continuities of the History Faculty of Toruh University 139
8-1. Communist Party Membership in the Czech Professoriate, October 1949
146
8-2. The PZPR in the Polish Academic Community 147
12-1. Worker-Peasant Students in East Germany as a Percentage of Total
Students 230
12-2. Student Party Affiliations in East Germany in 1946-47 230
12-3. Worker Students and Communists in the Student Body of Leipzig
University 230
12-4. Percentage of Freshmen Completing Studies, Lodz University and
Polytechnic, 1947-50 246
13-1. Worker and Peasant Students at Czech, East German, and Polish
Universities 252
13-2. Numbers of Full-Time Students in Higher Education 253
13-3. Women at Institutions of Higher Education 267
13-4. Percentage of Students Receiving State Stipends 273
13-5. Worker-Peasant Faculties 275