Cape Town After Apartheid: Crime and Governance in the Divided City PDF
Preview Cape Town After Apartheid: Crime and Governance in the Divided City
Cape Town after Apartheid This page intentionally left blank Cape Town after Apartheid Crime and Governance in the Divided City Tony Roshan Samara University of Minnesota Press Minneapolis London A version of chapter 2 was previously published as “Youth, Crime, and Urban Renewal in the Western Cape,” Journal of Southern African Studies 31, no. 1 (March 2005): 209–27. Portions of chapters 3 and 4 were previously published as “Policing Development: Urban Renewal as Neoliberal Security Strategy,” Urban Studies 47, no. 1 (January 2010): 197–214. Cartography by Steve McClure, George Mason University Copyright 2011 by the Regents of the University of Minnesota All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopy- ing, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Published by the University of Minnesota Press 111 Third Avenue South, Suite 290 Minneapolis, MN 55401-2520 http://www.upress.umn.edu Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Samara, Tony Roshan. Cape Town after apartheid : crime and governance in the divided city / Tony Roshan Samara. p.; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8166-7000-0 (hc : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-0-8166-7001-7 (pb : alk. paper) 1. Crime—South Africa—Cape Town. 2. Crime prevention—South Africa—Cape Town. 3. Violence—South Africa—Cape Town. 4. Gangs—South Africa—Cape Town. 5. Police—South Africa—Cape Town. I. Title. HV7150.5.Z8C427 2011 364.96873'55—dc22 2010032604 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper The University of Minnesota is an equal-opportunity educator and employer. 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contents Acknowledgments vii Abbreviations and Acronyms ix Map of Cape Town xi Introduction: Urban Geopolitics, Neoliberalism, and the Governance of Security 1 1. Security and Development in Postapartheid South Africa 25 2. Children in the Streets: Urban Governance in Cape Town City Center 54 3. Gangsterism and the Policing of the Cape Flats 90 4. The Weight of Policing on the Fragile Ground of Transformation 123 5. The Production of Criminality on the Urban Periphery 153 Conclusion: Apartheid, Democracy, and the Urban Future 180 Notes 197 Index 227 This page intentionally left blank Acknowledgments The following work received support from many people over the years, and if not for some of them it likely never would have been completed. Avery Gordon, my mentor at the University of California at Santa Barbara, was instrumental in helping me to formulate the project in its early stages, and, although it has changed much since then, I still see her influence clearly in this final version. Indeed, what I have learned from Avery has become a part of my own intellectual and political vision, and I feel very fortunate to have studied with her. Anyone who has done this type of work understands that it is impos- sible to do it well without help. Over the course of the fieldwork, help came in many forms. It may have been a small kindness or favor, or come from someone I met once by chance and then never again. Other times, it was long-term help that was essential to the project, or it was given by people with whom I eventually became close friends. I would especially like to thank all of the people I interviewed for the project or who took the time to sit with me and talk about their experiences or areas of expertise. I am particularly grateful in this regard to Valda Lucas and Renée Rossouw; they are part of a generally unappreciated and undervalued group of youth workers in Cape Town who are largely responsible for what little youth development is happening there. Thanks to Shaheen Ariefdien, Nazli Abrahams, and Erna Curry, the indispensable ones, year after year. Each has been central to the intellec- tual and political development of this work and to helping me navigate the social and spatial terrain of the city. Their friendship is perhaps the most important thing that I take with me as I leave this project behind. I also thank Oko Camngca, Marlon Burgess, Shannon Wentz, and Steve McClure for stepping in at key moments to help out: Oko for assisting with interviews, Marlon and Shannon for their work on the digital images, and Steve for expert mapmaking. My time in Cape Town could not have been what it was without my home in Woodstock vii viii · ACKNOWLEDGMENTS on Roodebloem Road and my home away from home on Aandblom Street. I am also indebted to the reviewers of the manuscript, John Hagedorn, Clifford Shearing, and especially Martin Murray. Their feedback was invaluable and led to substantial improvements in the final manu- script. My editor at Minnesota, Jason Weidemann, and his assistant, Danielle Kasprzak, have been great to work with and were instrumental in bringing out the best possible version of the book. I am grateful to them for their work. Finally, no support has been stronger and more unwavering than that which my parents have provided over so many years. The determination and discipline it can take to complete a project of this scope are gifts they gave to me. This book is dedicated to them. Abbreviations and Acronyms ANC African National Congress Asgisa Accelerated and Shared Growth Initiative for South Africa CBD Central Business District CCTV Closed circuit television system CFRS Cape Flats Renewal Strategy CID City Improvement District Core Community Outreach Forum Cosatu Congress of South African Trade Unions CPF Community Policing Forum DA Democratic Alliance EXCO Cape Town Municipal Executive Council GEAR Growth, Employment, and Redistribution ICD Independent Complaints Directorate Idasa Institute for Democracy in South Africa IDP Integrated Development Programme ISS Institute for Security Studies MADAM Multi-Agency Delivery Action Mechanism MEC Member of the Executive Committee NCPS National Crime Prevention Strategy NGDS National Growth and Development Strategy NICRO National Institute for Crime Prevention and the Reintegration of Offenders NIS National Intelligence Service NNP New National Party Nodoc National Operations Coordinating Mechanism NP National Party NURP National Urban Renewal Programme PAGAD People Against Gangsterism and Drugs POCA Prevention of Organized Crime Act POPCRU Police and Prison Civil Rights Union RDP Reconstruction and Development Programme SACP South African Communist Party ix
Description:The list of books you might like
