Capacity development for improved water management

394 Pages·2010·5.762 MB·English

by  Blokland, M. W

Capacity Development for
Improved Water Management
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Capacity Development for
Improved Water Management
UNESCO-IHE Editors
M.W. Blokland
G.J. Alaerts
J.M. Kaspersma
UNW-DPC Editor
M. Hare
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UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education UN-Water Decade Programme on Capacity
(UNESCO-IHE) Development (UNW-DPC)
PO Box 3015 United Nations University
2601 DA Delft UN Campus
The Netherlands Hermann-Ehlers-Str. 10
Tel. [phone] 53113 Bonn
Fax [phone] Germany
[email protected] Tel. [phone]
www.unesco-ihe.org Fax [phone]
[email protected]
www.unwater.unu.edu
CRC Press/Balkema is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2009 Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK
Except: ECDPM, Chapter 7 “Capacity Change and Performance: Insights and
implications for development cooperation”, pp. 135–154, © ECDPM
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Capacity development for improved water management / UNESCO-IHE editors,
M.W. Blokland ... [et al.].
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN: 978-0-415-57398-6 (hardcover : alk. paper)
1. Water-supply--Management--Congresses. I. Blokland, M. W. II. Unesco-IHE
Institute for Water Education. III. World Water Symposium
(5th : 2009 : Istanbul, Turkey)
TD365.C42 2010
363.6’1--dc22 2009051400
ISBN: 978-0-415-57398-6 (Hbk)
ISBN: 978-0-203-84930-9 (Ebook)
Disclaimer
Publication does not imply endorsement by the UN, UNESCO-IHE, UNW-DPC, or the United Nations
University (UNU) of any of the views expressed in this publication. Unless otherwise indicated, the ideas and
opinions expressed are those of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of their
employers. The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do not
imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever, on the part of the UN, UNESCO, UNESCO-IHE, UNW-DPC
and UNU, concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning
the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. This publication is an updated and expanded version of a soft-back,
pre-print version, fi rst launched at the 5th World Water Forum.
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Contents
Foreword UNESCO-IHE vii
Foreword UNW-DPC ix
Acknowledgements xi
About the editors xiii
About the organisations xv
About the authors xvii
Part 1 – Setting the scene 1
1 Progress and challenges in knowledge and capacity development 3
g.j. alaerts & j.m. kaspersma
Part 2 – Tools and techniques 31
2 E-learning for capacity development 33
c. mayfield & v.i. grover
3 Learning systems for adaptive water management: Experiences
with the development of opencourseware and training of trainers 47
c. terwisscha van scheltinga, c. van bers & m. hare
4 Bridging the knowledge gap: The value of knowledge networks 65
j. luijendijk & w.t. lincklaen arriëns
5 Knowledge management at the community level in Colombia 97
p. chaves & m. garcía
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vi Contents
6 Developing capacity for confl ict resolution applied to water issues 115
l. salamé, l. swatuk & p. van der zaag
7 Capacity change and performance: Insights and implications
for development cooperation 135
the european centre for development policy management
(ecdpm)
Part 3 – Areas of application 155
8 Capacity challenges in the Indonesian water resources sector 157
k. schwartz, i. nursyirwan, a. van nes & j. luijendijk
9 Institutional capacity development of water resources
management in Iran 179
m. nikravesh, r. ardakanian & s.h. alemohammad
10 Practical approaches and lessons for capacity building: A case
of the National Water and Sewerage Corporation, Uganda 201
s. mugisha
11 Lessons learned from capacity-building approaches in the
UN-HABITAT water for African cities programme 221
g. alabaster
12 Water education: Bridging divides for future generations 251
j.e. etgen, t. tindamanyire, d.l. nelson & a.c. fuller
13 An overview of capacity building on gender equity
in the water sector 269
p. khosla
14 Knowledge and capacity development at river basin level 291
d. valensuela
Part 4 – Evaluation and indicators 315
15 The role of education in capacity development 317
s. vincent-lancrin
16 Capacity development in Africa: Lessons of the past decade 341
m. nelson & a. tejasvi
17 Capacity enhancement indicators: A review of the literature 359
y. mizrahi
Author index 383
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Foreword UNESCO-IHE
Capacity development is important in any development process – and in many
instances it is the fundamental prerequisite to make development possible.
This is obviously true for developing countries, but equally holds for the proc-
esses of economic and social development in the industrialized economies.
Our world will need to keep investing in human and financial resources as
well as in the technological know-how if our objective is to improve the qual-
ity of the human experience. Without a commensurate investment in capacity
development and the subsequent management of the new knowledge gener-
ated through such an investment process, any investment in infrastructure,
or any effort to manage our natural resources and eco-systems is at risk of
failure. In fact, as we are increasingly concerned about the most efficient use
of our financial and other resources, decision-makers cannot be expected to
make optimal decisions for achieving development goals without relying on
knowledge management and capacity development – regardless of the level of
investment or reach of the political support. Capacity development is emerg-
ing as the single best tool with which to create transparency and an informed
citizenry to combat corruptive and other negative practices that taint the use
of both private and public funds expended on behalf of the governments and
the donor or lending communities.
Tertiary education is a vital link in this capacity development and knowl-
edge management continuum. It helps ensure that a new generation of water
leaders is prepared to assume technical and decision-making roles at each level
of government and in political and social organizations. We, at UNESCO-
IHE, take this responsibility very seriously and are continually adapting our
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viii Foreword
technical specialties to become better able to address the true demands from
the marketplace of ‘development.’ We are working with partners in such a
way that our assistance is less needed the next time around, and they them-
selves are becoming capable to define their new challenges, and articulate the
solutions for them. We must help build societies through investments in edu-
cation if we are to help ensure a brighter future for all strata in civil society.
Informal water education – ‘water literacy’ – for citizens is an equally
vital component of any capacity development process. It needs to ensure their
informed participation in investment and management decisions. Women
play a critical role in water resource management in many developing
countries – in maintaining water sources, in agricultural production, when
hauling water; and teaching sanitary habits to their children – therefore,
they should be assigned a more important role in the management of that
resource. Water is one of the most essential resources for any society to
progress and live healthy lives, and building the capacity to manage that
resource, must be a prime concern.
The 5th World Water Forum in Istanbul, March 2009, has brought
together a wide range of stakeholders from all parts of civil society dedicated
to improving the management of water. The Forum has catalyzed learning at
all levels and among all corners of the world. No one region holds the key to
success in capacity development and knowledge management. Workable solu-
tions are partly generic and partly location-specific. So, there is much experi-
ence and knowledge that has been shared, on all continua – North-South,
South-South and South-North. The World Water Forum has been a truly
enriching experience.
This publication provides a wide range of cutting-edge papers on recent
advances in capacity development. It describes the current conceptual
approaches to knowledge and capacity development, coming from a broad
yet representative variety of fields of social sciences, field practice and case
studies. I welcome the reader to make use of the expertise displayed in this
book and also build on the fruitful discussions at the 5th World Water Forum.
I thank the authors for their time and efforts to contribute to this exciting
book.
Richard A. Meganck, Rector
UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education
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Foreword UNW-DPC
The broad mission of the UN-Water Decade Programme on Capacity
Development (UNW-DPC) is to enhance the coherence and integrated effec-
tiveness of the capacity development activities of UN-Water, an inter-agency
mechanism involving the 26 UN members, and more than a dozen non-UN
partners, working and collaborating on water-related issues. By doing so, it
intends to strengthen the efforts of the members and partners of UN-Water in
their quest to support Member States in meeting international goals, such as
the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) related to water. Consequently,
since its establishment in August 2007, UNW-DPC has been collaborating
with more than half a dozen UN-Water members (including UN-HABITAT,
WMO, UNESCO, UNU, UN-DESA, UNCCD and FAO) and other partners
on different capacity development activities as well as supporting the Office
of the Chair of UN-Water and the UN-Water Task Forces in multilateral UN
agency collaborations.
This joint publication represents further rewarding cooperation with
UNESCO-IHE. It is aimed at promoting effective knowledge management
and delivery by compiling existing expert knowledge on the state-of-the-art in
water-related capacity development and making it easily accessible to members
of the water community in the form of this high quality book. A pre-print was
launched successfully at the 5th World Water Forum in Istanbul in March 2009,
and the available copies were quickly snapped up. To augment the already
substantial treasury of expert contributions, this new edition now includes a
seventeenth chapter, provided by World Bank Institute authors, describing les-
sons learned from the last decade of capacity development in Africa.
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x Foreword UNW-DPC
I would like to express my gratitude to all the authors who have volunteered
their time and expertise on this most exciting of collaborative projects. I wel-
come the interested reader to make use of the wide variety of expertise on
capacity development on offer in this publication. Such expertise ranges from
experiences in e-learning and networking, to community knowledge manage-
ment and the running of training-of-trainers courses, in a book that maintains
a global focus, providing case studies from Asia, Africa, the Americas and
Europe.
Reza Ardakanian, PhD
Director, UN-Water Decade Programme
on Capacity Development,
Bonn, Germany
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Acknowledgements
This publication would not have been possible without the authors’ and organ-
izations’ original contributions, as well as those existing papers and briefs that
have been kindly provided by authors and organizations for reproduction in
this publication. Alongside the work of the publication copy editor, Adele
Sanders, the involvement of all those who have supported the publication’s
editing and formatting, as well as the work of the anonymous reviewers, is
gratefully acknowledged. Additionally, the generous sponsorship and support
of the Women for Water Partnership in the development of Chapter 13 is
recognized.
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