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Can’t Catch a Break: Gender, Jail, Drugs, and the Limits of Personal Responsibility PDF

231 Pages·2014·1.38 MB·English
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CAN’T CATCH A BREAK gender, jail, drugs, and the limits of personal responsibility Susan Starr Sered and Maureen Norton-Hawk university of california press CAN’T CATCH A BREAK CAN’T CATCH A BREAK gender, jail, drugs, and the limits of personal responsibility Susan Starr Sered and Maureen Norton-Hawk university of california press University of California Press, one of the most distinguished university presses in the United States, enriches lives around the world by advancing scholarship in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences. Its activities are supported by the UC Press Foundation and by philanthropic contributions from individuals and institutions. For more information, visit www.ucpress.edu. University of California Press Oakland, California Parts of chapter 5 have appeared in “Suff ering in an Age of Personal Responsibility,” Contexts 13 (2014):38–43. Parts of chapter 6 have appeared in “Criminalized Women and Twelve Step Programs: Addressing Violations of the Law with a Spiritual Cure,” in Implicit Religion 15, no. 1 (2012): 37–60; and “Whose Higher Power: Criminalized Women Confront the Twelve Steps,” in Feminist Criminology 6, no. 4 (2011): 308– 322. Parts of chapter 7 have appeared in “Mothering in the Shadow of the United States Correctional System,” in Mother- ing: Anthropological Perspectives, ed. Michelle Walks and Naomi McPherson (Toronto, Ontario: Demeter Press, 2011), 293–306. © 2014 by T e Regents of the University of California Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Sered, Susan Starr, author. Can’t catch a break : gender, jail, drugs, and the limits of personal responsibility / Susan Starr Sered and Maureen Norton-Hawk. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 978-0-520-28278-0 (cloth : alk. paper) isbn 978-0-520-28279-7 (pbk. : alk. paper) isbn 978-0-520-95870-8 (e-book) 1. Abused women—Massachusetts—Boston—Social conditions. 2. Female off enders—Massachusetts— Boston—Social conditions. 3. Women drug addicts— Massachusetts—Boston—Social conditions. 4. Responsibility—Social aspects—Massachusetts— Boston. I. Norton-Hawk, Maureen, author. II. Title. hq1439.b7s47 2014 3628.83′70974461—dc23 2014011744 Manufactured in the United States of America 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 In keeping with a commitment to support environmentally responsible and sustainable printing practices, UC Press has printed this book on Natures Natural, a fi ber that contains 30 post-consumer waste and meets the minimum require- ments of ansi/niso z39.48-1992 (r 1997) (Permanence of Paper). CONTENTS List of Illustrations vii List of Tables ix Acknowledgments xi Introduction 1 1. “Joey Spit on Me”: How Gender Inequality and Sexual Violence Make Women Sick 21 2. “Nowhere to Go”: Poverty, Homelessness, and the Limits of Personal Responsibility 39 3. “T e Little Rock of the North”: Race, Gender, Class, and the Consequences of Mass Incarceration 57 4. Suff er the Women: Pain and Perfection in a Medicalized World 71 5. “It’s All in My Head”: Suff ering, PTSD, and the Triumph of the T erapeutic 90 6. Higher Powers: T e Unholy Alliance of Religion, Self-Help Ideology, and the State 107 7. “Suff er the Children”: Fostering the Caste of the Ill and Affl icted 126 8. Gender, Drugs, and Jail: “A System Designed for Us to Fail” 141 Conclusion: T e Real Questions and a Blueprint for Moving Forward 157 vi . contents Appendix: Methodology and Project Participant Overview 167 Notes 173 References 181 Index 203 I LLUSTRATIONS 1. Female imprisonment rates, United States and selected states, 2011–2012 / 17 2. Male imprisonment rates, United States and selected states, 2011–2012 / 17 vii T ABLES 1. Percentage of adults (18 years and older) who reported using illicit substances, 2012 / 76 2. Comparative demographic characteristics of project volunteers versus women incarcerated in Massachusetts as of January 1, 2008 / 170 ix

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