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Дрожжи Candida railenensis в плодах дуба черешчатого (Quercus robur L.) PDF

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Preview Дрожжи Candida railenensis в плодах дуба черешчатого (Quercus robur L.)

åàäêéÅàéãéÉàü, 2009, ÚÓÏ 78, ‹ 3, Ò. 399–403 ùäëèÖêàåÖçíÄãúçõÖ ëíÄíúà ìÑä 641.46:582.23.017.64 ÑêéÜÜà CANDIDA RAILENENSIS Ç èãéÑÄï ÑìÅÄ óÖêÖòóÄíéÉé (QUERCUS ROBUR L.) © 2009 „. é. Ç. à҇‚‡, Ä. å. ÉÎÛ¯‡ÍÓ‚‡, Ä. å. ûÍÓ‚, à. û. óÂÌÓ‚1 åÓÒÍÓ‚ÒÍËÈ „ÓÒÛ‰‡ÒÚ‚ÂÌÌ˚È ÛÌË‚ÂÒËÚÂÚ ËÏ. å.Ç. ãÓÏÓÌÓÒÓ‚‡, Ù‡ÍÛθÚÂÚ ÔÓ˜‚ӂ‰ÂÌËfl èÓÒÚÛÔË· ‚ ‰‡ÍˆË˛ 17.06.2008 „. èÓ͇Á‡ÌÓ, ˜ÚÓ ‚ ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎflı ˆÂÎ˚ı ÌÂÔÓ‚ÂʉÂÌÌ˚ı ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ ÔËÒÛÚÒÚ‚Û˛Ú ‰ÓÊÊ‚˚ „Ë·˚, ˜ËÒ- ÎÂÌÌÓÒÚ¸ ÍÓÚÓ˚ı ÂÁÍÓ ‚ÓÁ‡ÒÚ‡ÂÚ ÔÂ‰ ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡ÌËÂÏ ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ. èË ˝ÚÓÏ ‰ÓÊÊË ‚ ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎflı Ô‰ÒÚ‡‚ÎÂÌ˚ ‚ ÓÒÌÓ‚ÌÓÏ Ó‰ÌËÏ ‚ˉÓÏ – Candida railenensis, ˜ËÒÎÂÌÌÓÒÚ¸ ÍÓÚÓÓ„Ó ‚ ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡˛˘Ëı ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎflı ‰ÓÒÚË„‡ÂÚ 107 äéÖ/„. èÓÒΠÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡ÌËfl ËÎË ‡ÁÛ¯ÂÌËfl ˝ÍÁÓ͇ÔËfl ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎË Á‡ÒÂÎfl- ˛ÚÒfl Ó·˚˜Ì˚ÏË ˝ÔËÙËÚÌ˚ÏË Ë ÔÓ‰ÒÚËÎÓ˜Ì˚ÏË ‰ÓÊʇÏË Cryptococcus albidus, Rhodotorula glutinis, Cystofilobasidium capitatum. äβ˜Â‚˚ ÒÎÓ‚‡: ‰ÓÊÊË, ‰Û·, ÊÂÎÛ‰Ë, Candida railenensis, ˝Ì‰ÓÙËÚÌ˚ ÏËÍÓÓ„‡ÌËÁÏ˚, ˝Ì‰ÓÙË- Ú˚, ÒÂÁÓÌ̇fl ‰Ë̇ÏË͇. 1 ÑÓÊÊ‚˚ „Ë·˚ ÓÚÌÓÒflÚÒfl Í ˜ËÒÎÛ Ì‡Ë·ÓΠΠÏÌÓ„Ó˜ËÒÎÂÌÌ˚ ‰ÓÊÊË ‚ ÔÎÓ‰‡ı Ò Ó·Î„˜ÂÌ- ÚËÔ˘Ì˚ı ˝ÔËÙËÚÌ˚ı ÏËÍÓÓ„‡ÌËÁÏÓ‚. ùÔËÙËÚ- Ì˚Ï ‰ÓÒÚÛÔÓÏ ‚ÌÛÚ¸ Á‡ Ò˜ÂÚ ÌÂÔÎÓÚÌÓ ÒÓү„ÓÒfl Ì˚ ‰ÓÊÊË ÒÛ˘ÂÒÚ‚Û˛Ú Í‡Í ˝ÍÍËÒÓÚÓÙ˚, ÔÓ- „ÂÔ‡ÌÚËfl, ÚÓÌÍÓ„Ó ˝ÍÁÓ͇ÔËfl, ÔÓ‚ÂʉÂÌËfl ÔÎÓ‰Ó‚ Ú·Îflfl ‚˚‰ÂÎfl˛˘ËÂÒfl ̇ÛÊÛ ˜ÂÂÁ ÛÒڸˈ‡ „Ë- ÔË ÒÓÁ‚‡ÌËË Ë Ú.Ô. [7]. ‰‡ÚÓ‰˚, ÔÓ‚ÂʉÂÌËfl ÍÛÚËÍÛÎ˚, ÙÎÓ‡Î¸Ì˚Â Ë Ç ÚÓ Ê ‚ÂÏfl, Ì‡Ï Û‰‡ÎÓÒ¸ ÛÒÚ‡ÌÓ‚ËÚ¸, ˜ÚÓ ‚ ˝ÍÒÚ‡ÙÎÓ‡Î¸Ì˚ ÌÂÍÚ‡ÌËÍË, ‡Á΢Ì˚ Î„ÍÓ- ÔÎÓ‰‡ı Ò ÚÓÎÒÚ˚ÏË ÔÎÓÚÌ˚ÏË ÔÓÍÓ‚‡ÏË Ú‡ÍÊ ÏÓ- ‰ÓÒÚÛÔÌ˚ ÒÓ‰ËÌÂÌËfl, Ú‡ÍËÂ Í‡Í ÔÓÒÚ˚ ҇ı‡‡, „ÛÚ ÔËÒÛÚÒÚ‚Ó‚‡Ú¸ ‰ÓÊÊ‚˚ „Ë·˚. Ç ˜‡ÒÚÌÓÒÚË, Ó„‡Ì˘ÂÒÍË ÍËÒÎÓÚ˚, Ò‡ı‡ÓÒÔËÚ˚, ‡ÏËÌÓÍËÒ- ·˚ÎÓ Ó·Ì‡ÛÊÂÌÓ, ˜ÚÓ ‚ ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎflı ˆÂÎ˚ı ÌÂÔÓ‚Â- ÎÓÚ˚ [1–4]. Ç ÚÓ Ê ‚ÂÏfl, ÔÓfl‚ÎflÂÚÒfl ‚Ò ·Óθ¯Â ʉÂÌÌ˚ı ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ ‰Û·‡ ̇ ÓÔ‰ÂÎÂÌÌ˚ı ÒÚ‡‰Ëflı Ëı ҂ˉÂÚÂθÒÚ‚ ÚÓ„Ó, ˜ÚÓ ‚Ó ‚ÌÛÚÂÌÌËı Ú͇Ìflı Á‰Ó- ÒÓÁ‚‡ÌËfl ‡Á‚Ë‚‡˛ÚÒfl ‰ÓÊÊË, ˜ËÒÎÂÌÌÓÒÚ¸ ÍÓ- Ó‚˚ı ‡ÒÚÂÌËÈ Ú‡ÍÊ ÔÓÒÚÓflÌÌÓ ÔËÒÛÚÒÚ‚Û˛Ú ÚÓ˚ı ÏÓÊÂÚ ‰ÓÒÚË„‡Ú¸ 107 äéÖ/„. ‡Á΢Ì˚ ˝Ì‰ÓÙËÚÌ˚ ÏËÍÓÓ„‡ÌËÁÏ˚, ÒÂ‰Ë ÍÓÚÓ˚ı ̇˷ÓΠӷ˚˜Ì˚ ·‡ÍÚÂËË Ë ÏˈÂΡθ- Ç Ì‡ÒÚÓfl˘ÂÈ ‡·ÓÚ Ô‰ÒÚ‡‚ÎÂÌ˚ ÂÁÛθڇÚ˚ Ì˚ „Ë·˚ [4, 5]. 낉ÂÌËfl Ó· ˝Ì‰ÓÙËÚÌ˚ı ‰ÓÊ- ·ÓΠ‰ÂڇθÌ˚ı ËÒÒΉӂ‡ÌËÈ ‰Ë̇ÏËÍË ˜ËÒÎÂÌÌÓ- Ê‚˚ı „Ë·‡ı Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚ‡Ì˚. àϲÚÒfl Î˯¸ ‰Ë- ÒÚË Ë Ú‡ÍÒÓÌÓÏ˘ÂÒÍÓ„Ó ÒÓÒÚ‡‚‡ Ú‡ÍËı ˝Ì‰ÓÙËÚÌ˚ı Ì˘Ì˚ ‡·ÓÚ˚, ÔÓÒ‚fl˘ÂÌÌ˚ ‚˚‰ÂÎÂÌ˲ ‰ÓÊ- „ÛÔÔËÓ‚ÓÍ ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ ‚ ÓÔ‡‰‡˛˘Ëı Ë ÔÂÂÁËÏÓ‚˚- Ê‚˚ı ÍÎÂÚÓÍ ËÁ ‚ÌÛÚÂÌÌËı Ú͇ÌÂÈ ‡ÒÚÂÌËÈ. Ç ‚‡˛˘Ëı ‚ ‚ÂıÌÂÏ „ÓËÁÓÌÚ ÔÓ˜‚˚ ÔÎÓ‰‡ı ‰Û·‡ ˜Â- ˜‡ÒÚÌÓÒÚË, ÒÓÓ·˘‡ÂÚÒfl Ó· ӷ̇ÛÊÂÌËË Rhodotoru- ¯˜‡ÚÓ„Ó (Quercus robur). la pinicola ‚ ÍÒËÎÂÏ ÒÓÒÌ˚ [6]. ëÛ˘ÂÒÚ‚Ó‚‡ÌË ̇ÒÚÓfl˘Ëı ‚˚ÒÓÍÓÒÔˆˇÎËÁË- Ó‚‡ÌÌ˚ı ˝Ì‰ÓÙËÚÌ˚ı ‚ˉӂ, ÚÂÒÌÓ ‡ÒÒÓˆËËÓ‚‡Ì- éÅöÖäíõ à åÖíéÑõ àëëãÖÑéÇÄçàü Ì˚ı Ò Ú͇ÌflÏË ÓÔ‰ÂÎÂÌÌ˚ı ‡ÒÚÂÌËÈ, ÒÂ‰Ë ‰ÓÊ- ÊÂÈ Ï‡ÎÓ‚ÂÓflÚÌÓ. ÅÓθ¯ËÌÒÚ‚Ó ‰ÓÊÊ‚˚ı „Ë- èÎÓ‰˚ ‰Û·‡ Quercus robur L. – ÊÂÎÛ‰Ë, ÒÓ·Ë‡ÎË ·Ó‚ ÓÚÌÓÒËÚÒfl Í ÚËÔ˘Ì˚Ï ÍÓÔËÓÚÓÙ‡Ï, ‰Îfl ÓÒÚ‡ ‚ 2003–2005 „„. ̇ ÚÂËÚÓËË Á‡Ôӂ‰ÌË͇ ãÓÒË- ÍÓÚÓ˚ı Ú·ÛÂÚÒfl ‰ÓÒÚ‡ÚÓ˜ÌÓ ‚˚ÒÓ͇fl ÍÓ̈ÂÌÚ‡- Ì˚È ÓÒÚÓ‚. é·‡Áˆ˚ ÓÚ·Ë‡ÎË, ̇˜Ë̇fl Ò ÏÓÏÂÌÚ‡ ˆËfl ΄ÍÓ‰ÓÒÚÛÔÌ˚ı ÒÓ‰ËÌÂÌËÈ. èÓ˝ÚÓÏÛ ‡Á‚ËÚË ÙÓÏËÓ‚‡ÌËfl ̇ ÔÎÓ‰ÓÌÓÊ͇ı Ë Á‡Í‡Ì˜Ë‚‡fl Ëı ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ Ì‡Ë·ÓΠ‚ÂÓflÚÌÓ ‚ Ò‡ı‡ÓÒÓ‰Âʇ˘Ëı ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡ÌËÂÏ ‚ ÔÓ˜‚ ‚ÂÒÌÓÈ–ÎÂÚÓÏ ·Û‰Û˘Â„Ó „Ó‰‡. Á‡Ô‡Ò‡˛˘Ëı Ú͇Ìflı ‡ÒÚÂÌËÈ, Ú‡ÍËı Í‡Í Ô‡ÂÌıËÏ- ÑÓ ÔÂËÓ‰‡ ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡ÌËfl ‰Îfl ‡Ì‡ÎËÁ‡ ÓÚ·Ë‡ÎË ˆÂ- Ì˚ Ú͇ÌË ÒÓ˜Ì˚ı ÔÎÓ‰Ó‚. ÑÂÈÒÚ‚ËÚÂθÌÓ, ̉‡‚ÌÓ Î˚ ÊÂÎÛ‰Ë ·ÂÁ ‚ˉËÏ˚ı ÏÂı‡Ì˘ÂÒÍËı ÔÓ‚ÂʉÂ- Ôӂ‰ÂÌÌÓ ̇ÏË ËÁÛ˜ÂÌË ‰ÓÊÊ‚˚ı ÒÓÓ·˘ÂÒÚ‚ ÌËÈ Ó·ÓÎÓ˜ÍË. èÓÒΠ̇˜‡Î‡ χÒÒÓ‚Ó„Ó ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡- Ò‡ı‡ËÒÚ˚ı ÔÎÓ‰Ó‚ ÔÓ͇Á‡ÎÓ, ˜ÚÓ ‚ Ëı Ú͇Ìflı ÔÓÒÚÓ- ÌËfl ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ ‚ χ ڇÍÊ ÓÚ·Ë‡ÎË ÚÓθÍÓ ÌÂÔÓ‚Â- flÌÌÓ ÔËÒÛÚÒÚ‚Û˛Ú ‰ÓÊÊË, Ô˘ÂÏ Ô‰ÒÚ‡‚ÎÂÌ- ʉÂÌÌ˚ ÊÂÎÛ‰Ë. èÓÁÊÂ, ‚Ó ‚ÚÓÓÈ ÔÓÎÓ‚ËÌ ÎÂÚ‡, Ì˚ ÚÂÏË Ê ‚ˉ‡ÏË, ˜ÚÓ Ë Ì‡ ÔÓ‚ÂıÌÓÒÚË. ç‡Ë·Ó- ‡Ì‡ÎËÁËÓ‚‡ÎË ÌÂÔÓÓүˠÊÂÎÛ‰Ë, ÔÓÍÓ‚˚ ÍÓ- ÚÓ˚ı ̇˜Ë̇˛Ú ‡ÁÛ¯‡Ú¸Òfl. ÇÒÂ„Ó ·˚ÎÓ ÔӇ̇- 1ĉÂÒ‡Ú ‰Îfl ÍÓÂÒÔÓ̉Â̈ËË (e-mail: [email protected]). ÎËÁËÓ‚‡ÌÓ 350 ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ, ÓÚÓ·‡ÌÌ˚ı ‚ 30 ÒÓÍÓ‚, 399 400 à҇‚‡ Ë ‰. 7 1 2 3 È, Ê 6 Ê Ó„)5 ¸ ‰OE/ Ú ÓÒ(K4 Ìg Ìl  Π3 Ò Ë ó 2 5 9 12 3 6 10 1 åÂÒflˆ˚ 5 ÏÍÏ êËÒ. 1. ÑË̇ÏË͇ Ó·˘ÂÈ ˜ËÒÎÂÌÌÓÒÚË ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ ‚ ÒÂ- Ïfl‰ÓÎflı ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ; ÚËÔ˚ ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ: 1 – ̇ ‰Â‚Â, 2 – êËÒ. 2. äÎÂÚÍË ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ ‚ ÒÂÁ‡ı ËÁ ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎÂÈ ÊÂÎÛ- ÓÔ‡‚¯ËÂ, 3 – ÓÔ‡‚¯Ë ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡˛˘ËÂ. ‰ÂÈ. éÍ‡Ò͇ ÚÓÎÛˉËÌÓ‚˚Ï ÒËÌËÏ. ÚÓ ÂÒÚ¸ ÔÓ‚ÚÓÌÓÒÚ¸ ‚ ͇ʉ˚È ÒÓÍ ÒÓÒÚ‡‚Îfl· 10– ˘ÂÌ Ë ÍÓ̈ÂÌÚËÓ‚‡Ì Ò ÔÓÏÓ˘¸˛ GFX Band Purica- 12 ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ. tion Kit (“Amersham Biosciences”). êÂ‡ÍˆË˛ ÔÓ‚Ó‰Ë- ÎË ÔÓ Òڇ̉‡ÚÌ˚Ï ÔÓÚÓÍÓÎ‡Ï Ò Ô‡ÈÏÂ‡ÏË NL1 èÓ‚ÂıÌÓÒÚ¸ ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ ÒÚÂËÎËÁÓ‚‡ÎË ÒÔËÚÓÏ Ë (5'-GCA TAT ëÄÄ íÄÄ GCG GAG GAA AAG) Ë ‚ÒÍ˚‚‡ÎË ÒÚÂËθÌ˚Ï Ò͇θÔÂÎÂÏ. è‰‚‡ËÚÂθ- NL4 (5'-GGT CCG TGT TTC AAG ACG G). ëÂÍ‚ÂÌË- Ì˚ ˝ÍÒÔÂËÏÂÌÚ˚ ÔÓ͇Á‡ÎË, ˜ÚÓ ‰ÓÊÊË ËÁ ÒÏ˚- Ó‚‡ÌË ÔÓ‚Ó‰ËÎË Ì‡ ÔÓÎÛ‡‚ÚÓχÚ˘ÂÒÍÓÏ ÒÂÍ‚Â- ‚Ó‚ Ò ÔÓ‚ÂıÌÓÒÚË ÔÓÒÚÂËÎËÁÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ı ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ Ì ̇ÚÓ ALF Express II DNA analyzer (“Amersham ‚˚Ò‚‡˛ÚÒfl. èÓÒΠ‚ÒÍ˚ÚËfl ÔÎÓ‰‡, ÓÚ ÒÂÏÂÌË ÓÚ- Pharmacia Biotecth”, ò‚ˆËfl) ÔÓ Òڇ̉‡ÚÌÓÏÛ ÔÓ- ‰ÂÎflÎË Á‡Ô‡Ò‡˛˘Ë ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎË, ËÁÏÂθ˜‡ÎË Ëı, Á‡ÎË- ÚÓÍÓÎÛ. Çˉ ˉÂÌÚËÙˈËÓ‚‡ÎË Ì‡ ÓÒÌÓ‚‡ÌËË Ò‡‚- ‚‡ÎË ÒÚÂËθÌÓÈ ‚Ó‰ÓÈ ‚ ÒÓÓÚÌÓ¯ÂÌËË 1 : 50. ëÛÒ- ÌÂÌËfl ÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉÌ˚ı ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚÂÈ Ò Ëϲ- ÔÂÌÁ˲ Ó·‡·‡Ú˚‚‡ÎË Ì‡ ‚ÓÚÂÍÒ ‚ Ú˜ÂÌË 2 ÏËÌ. ˘ËÏËÒfl ‚ ˝ÎÂÍÚÓÌÌ˚ı ·‡Á‡ı ‰‡ÌÌ˚ı. èÓÒΉӂ‡- é·‡Áˆ˚ ‚˚Ò‚‡ÎË Ì‡ ÔÓ‰ÍËÒÎÂÌÌÛ˛ 40% ÏÓÎÓ˜- ÚÂθÌÓÒÚË ‚˚‡‚ÌË‚‡ÎË Ò ÔÓÏÓ˘¸˛ ÔÓ„‡ÏÏ˚ ÌÓÈ ÍËÒÎÓÚÓÈ (4 ÏÎ/Î) „βÍÓÁÓ-ÔÂÔÚÓÌÌÛ˛ ÒÂ‰Û MegAlign (“DNAStar”, ëòÄ) Ë ÒÚÓËÎË ÙËÎÓ„ÂÌÂÚË- („βÍÓÁ‡, 20 „/Î, ÔÂÔÚÓÌ 10 „/Î, ‰ÓÊÊ‚ÓÈ ˝ÍÒ- ˜ÂÒÍÓ ‰ÂÂ‚Ó (ÏÂÚÓ‰ ·ÎËÊ‡È¯Â„Ó Ò‰Ì„Ó, Á̇˜Â- Ú‡ÍÚ 5 „/Î) ‚ ÚÂıÍ‡ÚÌÓÈ ÔÓ‚ÚÓÌÓÒÚË. èÓÒ‚˚ ÌËfl ·ÛÚÒÚÂÔ‡ ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌ˚ ˜ÂÂÁ 1000 ËÚÂ‡ˆËÈ). ËÌÍÛ·ËÓ‚‡ÎË ÔË ÍÓÏ̇ÚÌÓÈ ÚÂÏÔÂ‡ÚÛ 5–7 ÒÛÚ. Ç˚ÓүˠÍÓÎÓÌËË ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ ‡Á‰ÂÎflÎË Ì‡ ÏÓÙÓ- Îӄ˘ÂÒÍË ÚËÔ˚ Ò ÔÓÏÓ˘¸˛ ·ËÌÓÍÛÎflÌÓÈ ÎÛÔ˚ Ë êÖáìãúíÄíõ à éÅëìÜÑÖçàÖ ‚˚‰ÂÎflÎË Ì ÏÂÌ 3 ÍÓÎÓÌËÈ Í‡Ê‰Ó„Ó ÚËÔ‡. Ç˚‰Â- ÎÂÌÌ˚ ÍÛθÚÛ˚ ˉÂÌÚËÙˈËÓ‚‡ÎË ÔÓ ÏÓÙÓ- Ç ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎflı Ò‚ÂÊËı ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ ‚ Ú˜ÂÌË ‚ÒÂ„Ó ÔÂ- ÙËÁËÓÎӄ˘ÂÒÍËÏ ÔËÁÌ‡Í‡Ï [8] Ò ËÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÌËÂÏ ËÓ‰‡, ÓÚ Ëı ÙÓÏËÓ‚‡ÌËfl ‰Ó ÓÔ‡‰‡ÌËfl ÓÒÂ̸˛, ‡Ò¯ËÂÌÌÓ„Ó ÙËÁËÓÎӄ˘ÂÒÍÓ„Ó ÒÔÂÍÚ‡ [9, 10]. ‰ÓÊÊË Ô‡ÍÚ˘ÂÒÍË Ì ӷ̇ÛÊË‚‡ÎËÒ¸. é˜Â̸ ÑÎfl Í‡Ê‰Ó„Ó ÔÎÓ‰‡ ‡ÒÒ˜ËÚ˚‚‡ÎË ÒÂ‰Ì˛˛ ˜ËÒ- ‰ÍÓ ‚ ÔÓÒ‚‡ı ÔËÒÛÚÒÚ‚Ó‚‡ÎË Ó‰ËÌÓ˜Ì˚ ‰ÓÊ- ÎÂÌÌÓÒÚ¸ ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ ‚ äéÖ/„ ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎË Ë ‰Óβ ͇Ê- Ê‚˚ ÍÓÎÓÌËË. Ç ÔÂÂÁËÏÓ‚‡‚¯Ëı ˆÂÎ˚ı ÊÂÎÛ‰flı ‰Ó„Ó ‚ˉ‡ ÓÚ Ó·˘ÂÈ ˜ËÒÎÂÌÌÓÒÚË ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ. ‰ÓÊÊË ‚ÒÚ˜‡ÎËÒ¸ ˜‡˘Â Ë ‚ ·Óθ¯ÂÈ ˜ËÒÎÂÌÌÓ- ÑÎfl ‚ËÁÛ‡ÎËÁ‡ˆËË ˝Ì‰ÓÙËÚÌ˚ı ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ ‰Â·ÎË ÒÚË, ÍÓÚÓ‡fl ‚ ÓÚ‰ÂθÌ˚ı ˝ÍÁÂÏÔÎfl‡ı ‰ÓÒÚË„‡Î‡ ÔÂÔ‡‡Ú˚ ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎÂÈ Ò ÔÓÏÓ˘¸˛ ÓÔ‡ÒÌÓÈ ·ËÚ‚˚. 103 äéÖ/„. é‰Ì‡ÍÓ ‚ χÂ, ÌÂÔÓÒ‰ÒÚ‚ÂÌÌÓ ÔÂ‰ ̇- èÂÔ‡‡Ú˚ ÓÍ‡¯Ë‚‡ÎË 0.1% ÚÓÎÛˉËÌÓ‚˚Ï ÒËÌËÏ ˜‡ÎÓÏ ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡ÌËfl ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ, ‰ÓÊÊË ·˚ÎË Ó·Ì‡Û- ‚ Ú˜ÂÌË 5–10 ÏËÌ, Á‡ÎË‚‡ÎË „ÎˈÂËÌÓÏ Ë ÏËÍÓ- ÊÂÌ˚ Ô‡ÍÚ˘ÂÒÍË ‚Ó ‚ÒÂı ÔӇ̇ÎËÁËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ı ÒÂ- ÒÍÓÔËÓ‚‡ÎË. Ïfl‰ÓÎflı, Ô˘ÂÏ Ëı ˜ËÒÎÂÌÌÓÒÚ¸ ÒÓÒÚ‡‚Ë· ‚ Ò‰- ÌÂÏ 105 äéÖ/„, ‰ÓÒÚË„‡fl ‚ ÓÚ‰ÂθÌ˚ı ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎflı ÑÎfl ˉÂÌÚËÙË͇ˆËË ‚ˉ‡ ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ, ‰ÓÏËÌËÛ˛- 107 äéÖ/„ (ËÒ. 1). ˘Â„Ó ‚ ÊÂÎÛ‰flı, ÔÓ‚Ó‰ËÎË ÒÂÍ‚ÂÌËÓ‚‡ÌË D1D2 „ËÓ̇ 26S Ñçä. Ä̇ÎËÁ ÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉÌ˚ı ÔÓÒΉÓ- èË ÏËÍÓÒÍÓÔËÓ‚‡ÌËË ÒÂÁÓ‚ ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎÂÈ, ‚‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚÂÈ ÔÓ‚Ó‰ËÎË ÔÓ ÒıÂÏÂ, ÓÔËÒ‡ÌÌÓÈ ‡Ì ÓÍ‡¯ÂÌÌ˚ı ÚÓÎÛˉËÌÓ‚˚Ï ÒËÌËÏ, ‚ ˝ÚÓÚ ÔÂËÓ‰ [11], ËÒÔÓθÁÛfl ‰Îfl ÔÂ‚Ó̇˜‡Î¸ÌÓÈ ‡ÏÔÎËÙË͇ˆËË ·˚ÎË ‚ˉÌ˚ ÍÛ„Î˚Â Ë ÍÓÓÚÍÓÓ‚‡Î¸Ì˚ ‰ÓÊÊÂ- Ô‡ÈÏÂ˚ ITS5 (5'-GGA AGT AAA AGT CGT AAC ‚˚ ÍÎÂÚÍË ‰Ë‡ÏÂÚÓÏ ‰Ó 2–3 ÏÍÏ, ÍÓÚÓ˚ ‚ÒÚÂ- AAG G) Ë LR6 (5'-CGC CAG TTC TGC ííÄ ëë) ̇ ˜‡ÎËÒ¸ Í‡Í ‚ ÏÂÊÍÎÂÚÓ˜ÌÓÏ ÔÓÒÚ‡ÌÒÚ‚Â, Ú‡Í Ë ‡ÏÔÎËÙË͇ÚÓ Uno II Thermal Cycler (“Biometra”, ‚ÌÛÚË ‡ÒÚËÚÂθÌ˚ı ÍÎÂÚÓÍ (ËÒ. 2). Ç ÔÂËÓ‰ ÔÂ- ÉÂχÌËfl). á‡ÚÂÏ ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌÌ˚È Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚ ·˚Î Ó˜Ë- ‰ ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡ÌËÂÏ Ë ‚ ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡˛˘Ëı ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎflı åàäêéÅàéãéÉàü      ÚÓÏ 78      ‹ 3      2009 ÑêéÜÜà CANDIDA RAILENENSIS Ç èãéÑÄï ÑìÅÄ óÖêÖòóÄíéÉé 401 ë‰Ì ÓÚÌÓÒËÚÂθÌÓ ӷËÎË (%) ‚ˉӂ ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ, ‚˚‰ÂÎÂÌÌ˚ı ËÁ ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎÂÈ ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ éÔ‡‚¯Ë ç ÔÓÓÒ¯ËÂ, Çˉ ç‡ ‰Â‚ èÓ‡ÒÚ‡˛˘Ë ‰Ó ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡ÌËfl ‡Á·„‡˛˘ËÂÒfl Cryptococcus albidus 0 0 13.6 62.8 Rhodotorula glutinis 0 2 5.2 12.1 Candida railenensis 100 98 74.1 1.2 Rhodotorula pilati 0 0 0 0.1 Rhodotorula mucilaginosa 0 0 0 1.6 Cystofilobasidium capitatum 0 0 7.1 20.8 Metschnikowia pulcherrima 0 0 0 1.4 ·Óθ¯ËÌÒÚ‚Ó ÍÎÂÚÓÍ ÔÓ˜ÍÓ‚‡ÎÓÒ¸, ˜‡ÒÚÓ ‚ÒÚ˜‡- ÓÚ ÚËÔÓ‚Ó„Ó ¯Ú‡Ïχ C. railenensis (CBS 8164, NRRL ÎËÒ¸ ÒÍÓÔÎÂÌËfl ÍÎÂÚÓÍ, ˜ÚÓ Ò‚Ë‰ÂÚÂθÒÚ‚ÛÂÚ Ó· Ëı Y-17762; U45800), ˜ÚÓ ÒÓÓÚ‚ÂÚÒÚ‚ÛÂÚ ÔËÌflÚÓÏÛ ‚ ‡ÍÚË‚ÌÓÏ ‡ÁÏÌÓÊÂÌËË. „ÂÌÓÒËÒÚÂχÚËÍ ÍËÚÂ˲ ÍÓÌÒÔˆËÙ˘ÌÓÒÚË [12]. 燘Ë̇fl Ò Ë˛Ìfl ˜ËÒÎÂÌÌÓÒÚ¸ ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ ‚ ÌÂÔÓ- èÓÎÌÓ ÒÓÓÚ‚ÂÚÒÚ‚Ë ÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉÌÓÈ ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθ- ÓÒ¯Ëı ÊÂÎÛ‰flı ÔÓÒÚÂÔÂÌÌÓ ÛÏÂ̸¯‡Î‡Ò¸. Ç ÍÓ̈ ÌÓÒÚË D1D2 „ËÓ̇ ·˚ÎÓ Ó·Ì‡ÛÊÂÌÓ ÏÂÊ‰Û ‚˚‰Â- ÎÂÚ‡ – ̇˜‡Î ÓÒÂÌË ˆÂÎÓÒÚÌÓÒÚ¸ ÔÓÍÓ‚Ó‚ ·Óθ- ÎÂÌÌ˚Ï Ì‡ÏË ¯Ú‡ÏÏÓÏ EF608212 Ë ¯Ú‡ÏÏÓÏ ¯ËÌÒÚ‚‡ ÌÂÔÓÓÒ¯Ëı ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ Ì‡˜‡Î‡ ̇Û¯‡Ú¸Òfl, ë. railenensis äëíë 7835 (AF257274), ‚˚‰ÂÎÂÌÌ˚Ï Ó‰Ì‡ÍÓ ˜ËÒÎÂÌÌÓÒÚ¸ ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ ‚ ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎflı ÔÓ‰ÓÎ- ËÁ ÔÎÓ‰Ó‚ ÒÎË‚˚ ‚ äÓ [13]. ÇÒ ËÁ‚ÂÒÚÌ˚ ‚˚‰Â- ʇ· ÛÏÂ̸¯‡Ú¸Òfl. åËÌËχθ̇fl ˜ËÒÎÂÌÌÓÒÚ¸ ̇- ÎÂÌËfl ˝ÚÓ„Ó ‚ˉ‡ ÌÓÒflÚ ÒÎÛ˜‡ÈÌ˚È ı‡‡ÍÚÂ Ë Ì ·Î˛‰‡Î‡Ò¸ ‚ ÌÓfl· ‚ ‡Á·„‡˛˘ËıÒfl Ë Ú‡Í Ë Ì ÔÓÁ‚ÓÎfl˛Ú ҉·ڸ Á‡Íβ˜ÂÌË ӷ ÓÒÓ·ÂÌÌÓÒÚflı ‚ÒÚÛÔË‚¯Ëı ‚ Ù‡ÁÛ ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡ÌËfl ÔÎÓ‰‡ı. í‡ÍËÏ Ó·- Â„Ó ‡ÒÔÓÒÚ‡ÌÂÌËfl. èÓ ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚË D1D2 ‡ÁÓÏ, ‚ÓÁ‡ÒÚ‡ÌË ˜ËÒÎÂÌÌÓÒÚË ˝Ì‰ÓÙËÚÌ˚ı ‰ÓÊ- ˝ÚÓÚ ‚ˉ ̇˷ÓΠ·ÎËÁÓÍ Í C. oleophila, ÓÚ ÍÓÚÓÓ„Ó Ê‚˚ı „Ë·Ó‚ ‚ ÊÂÎÛ‰flı ·˚ÎÓ ÓÚϘÂÌÓ ‚ ÔÂËÓ‰, ÓÌ ÙÂÌÓÚËÔ˘ÂÒÍË ÓÚ΢‡ÂÚÒfl ÚÓθÍÓ ÒÔÓÒÓ·ÌÓ- Ô‰¯ÂÒÚ‚Û˛˘ËÈ Ëı ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡Ì˲. ä‡Í ËÁ‚ÂÒÚÌÓ, ÒÚ¸˛ Í Ò·‡ÊË‚‡Ì˲ Ú„‡ÎÓÁ˚. ÔÂ‰ ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡ÌËÂÏ ‚ Á‡Ô‡Ò‡˛˘Ëı Ô‡ÂÌıËÏÌ˚ı îËÎÓ„ÂÌÂÚ˘ÂÒÍÛ˛ ·ÎËÁÓÒÚ¸ C. railenensis Ë Ú͇Ìflı ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎÂÈ ÔÓËÒıÓ‰ËÚ ‡ÍÚË‚Ì˚È „ˉÓÎËÁ ë. oleophila ËÎβÒÚËÛÂÚ ‰ÂÂ‚Ó (ËÒ. 3), ÔÓÒÚÓÂÌ- Í‡ıχ· Ò ‚˚Ò‚Ó·ÓʉÂÌË ÔÓÒÚ˚ı Ò‡ı‡Ó‚, ÌÂÓ·- ÌÓÂ Ò Ô˂ΘÂÌËÂÏ ¯Ú‡Ïχ ë. oleophila (EF452234), ıÓ‰ËÏ˚ı ‰Îfl ‡Á‚ËÚËfl Á‡Ó‰˚¯‡ ÒÂÏÂÌË. èÓ-‚ˉË- ÍÓÚÓ˚È ·˚Î ‚˚‰ÂÎÂÌ Ì‡ÏË ËÁ ÙËÎÎÓÒÙÂ˚ ‡ÒÚÂ- ÏÓÏÛ, ÔÓ‚˚¯ÂÌË ÍÓ΢ÂÒÚ‚‡ ‰ÓÒÚÛÔÌ˚ı ÔËÚ‡ÚÂθ- ÌËÈ ‚ ÚÓÏ Ê ‡ÈÓÌÂ, ˜ÚÓ Ë ¯Ú‡ÏÏ ë. railenensis Ì˚ı ‚¢ÂÒÚ‚ ÒÚËÏÛÎËÓ‚‡ÎÓ ËÌÚÂÌÒË‚ÌÓ ‡ÁÏÌÓ- (EF608212). ä‡Í ·˚ÎÓ ÔÓ͇Á‡ÌÓ Ì‡ÏË ‡ÌÂÂ, ë. oleo- ÊÂÌË ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ. phila ÔÓÒÚÓflÌÌÓ ÔËÒÛÚÒÚ‚ÛÂÚ Ì‡ ÎËÒÚ¸flı ‡ÁÌ˚ı ‚Ë- ÇÒÂ„Ó ËÁ ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ ·˚ÎÓ ‚˚‰ÂÎÂÌÓ 7 ‚ˉӂ ‰ÓÊ- ‰Ó‚ ‡ÒÚÂÌËÈ [14]. ÅÎËÁÍÓÓ‰ÒÚ‚ÂÌÌ˚ ë. railenensis ÊÂÈ (Ú‡·Îˈ‡). àÁ ÏÓÎÓ‰˚ı ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ Ì‡ ‰Â‚ ۉ‡- Ë ë. oleophila, ÒÍÓ ‚Ò„Ó, ÒΉÛÂÚ ‡ÒÒχÚË‚‡Ú¸ ‚‡ÎÓÒ¸ ‚˚‰ÂÎËÚ¸ ‰ÓÊÊË Î˯¸ Ó‰ÌÓ„Ó ‡Ì‡ÏÓÙÌÓ- Í‡Í ‡ÁÌӂˉÌÓÒÚË Ó‰ÌÓ„Ó ÍÛÔÌÓ„Ó ‡Ì‡ÏÓÙÌÓ„Ó „Ó ‡ÒÍÓÏˈÂÚÓ‚Ó„Ó ‚ˉ‡. ùÚÓÚ Ê ‚ˉ ·˚Î Ú‡ÍÊ ӷ- ‚ˉ‡, ÓÒÌÓ‚Ì˚Ï ÏÂÒÚÓÓ·ËÚ‡ÌËÂÏ ÍÓÚÓÓ„Ó fl‚ÎflÂÚÒfl ̇ÛÊÂÌ ‚ ͇˜ÂÒÚ‚Â ‡·ÒÓβÚÌÓ„Ó ‰ÓÏË̇ÌÚ‡ ‚ ÔÓ‚ÂıÌÓÒÚ¸ ‡ÒÚÂÌËÈ. ç ËÒÍβ˜ÂÌÓ, ˜ÚÓ Ó‰Ì‡ ËÁ ÓÔ‡‚¯Ëı ÔÂÂÁËÏÓ‚‡‚¯Ëı ÊÂÎÛ‰flı ‰Ó ÔÂËÓ‰‡ Ëı ÌËı ‚ ÔÓˆÂÒÒ ‡Á‚ËÚËfl ÔËÒÔÓÒÓ·Ë·Ҹ Í ˝Ì‰ÓÙËÚ- ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡ÌËfl. ÇÒ ‚˚‰ÂÎÂÌÌ˚ ¯Ú‡ÏÏ˚ ˝ÚÓ„Ó ‚ˉ‡ ÌÓÏÛ ÒÛ˘ÂÒÚ‚Ó‚‡Ì˲, ‡ ‰Û„‡fl ÓÒڇ·Ҹ ÌÂÒÔˆˇ- Ô‡ÍÚ˘ÂÒÍË Ì ÓÚ΢‡ÎËÒ¸ ÔÓ ÏÓÙÓÎӄ˘ÂÒÍËÏ Ë ÎËÁËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚Ï Ó·ËÚ‡ÚÂÎÂÏ ÙËÎÎÓÒÙÂ˚ ‡ÒÚÂÌËÈ. ÙËÁËÓÎӄ˘ÂÒÍËÏ ı‡‡ÍÚÂËÒÚË͇Ï. Ç ÓÚ΢ˠÓÚ Ç ˝ÚÓÏ ÒÎÛ˜‡Â ÔÂ‰ ̇ÏË ÔËÏÂ ÚÓ„Ó, Í‡Í ‡Á‰ÂÎÂ- ‰Û„Ëı ӷ̇ÛÊÂÌÌ˚ı ‚ˉӂ, ÙÂÌÓÚËÔ˘ÂÒ͇fl ˉÂÌ- ÌË ˝ÍÓÎӄ˘ÂÒÍËı Ì˯ ‡Ì‡ÏÓÙÌ˚ı ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ ÏÓ- ÚËÙË͇ˆËfl ˝ÚËı ¯Ú‡ÏÏÓ‚ ‚˚Á‚‡Î‡ ÓÔ‰ÂÎÂÌÌ˚ ÊÂÚ ‚˚ÒÚÛÔ‡Ú¸ ‚ ÓÎË Ù‡ÍÚÓ‡ ÒËÏÔ‡Ú˘ÂÒÍÓ„Ó ‚Ë- Á‡ÚÛ‰ÌÂÌËfl. èÓ Òڇ̉‡ÚÌÓÈ ÒÓ‚ÓÍÛÔÌÓÒÚË ÏÓÙÓ- ‰ÓÓ·‡ÁÓ‚‡ÌËfl. Îӄ˘ÂÒÍËı Ë ÙËÁËÓÎӄ˘ÂÒÍËı ÔËÁ̇ÍÓ‚ ÓÌË Ó͇- èÓÒÚÂÔÂÌÌÓ, ÔÓ ÏÂ ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡ÌËfl ËÎË ‡ÁÎÓÊÂ- Á‡ÎËÒ¸ ·ÎËÁÍËÏË Í ‚ˉ‡Ï Candida oleophila Ë C. raile- ÌËfl ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ ÓÚÌÓÒËÚÂθÌÓ ӷËÎË ë. railenensis ‚ nensis, Ӊ̇ÍÓ ËÏÂÎË ÌÂÍÓÚÓ˚ ÓÚ΢Ëfl ÓÚ ÒÚ‡Ì- ÌËı ÛÏÂ̸¯‡ÎÓÒ¸, Ë ÔÓÒΠ̇Û¯ÂÌËfl ˝ÍÁÓ͇ÔËfl ‰‡ÚÌ˚ı ÓÔËÒ‡ÌËÈ ˝ÚËı ‚ˉӂ. ÓÌË Á‡ÒÂÎflÎËÒ¸ ÚËÔ˘Ì˚ÏË ˝ÔËÙËÚÌ˚ÏË Ë ÔÓ‰ÒÚË- à‰ÂÌÚËÙË͇ˆËfl Ó‰ÌÓ„Ó ËÁ ‚˚‰ÂÎÂÌÌ˚ı ¯Ú‡Ï- ÎÓ˜Ì˚ÏË ‚ˉ‡ÏË (ËÒ. 4). ÑÓÊÊ‚Ó ̇ÒÂÎÂÌË ÏÓ‚ (EF608212) ̇ ÓÒÌÓ‚Â ÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉÌÓÈ ÔÓÒΉӂ‡- ‡Á·„‡˛˘ËıÒfl ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎÂÈ ‚ ÍÓ̈ ÓÒÂÌ˖̇˜‡Î ÚÂθÌÓÒÚË D1D2 „ËÓ̇ Ñçä ÔÓ͇Á‡Î‡, ˜ÚÓ ËÏÂ- ÁËÏ˚ ÔÓ ‚ˉӂÓÏÛ ÒÓÒÚ‡‚Û ‰ÓÏË̇ÌÚÓ‚ ÛÊ Ì ÓÚÎË- ÂÚÒfl ÓÚ΢ˠÚÓθÍÓ ‚ Ó‰ÌÛ ÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉÌÛ˛ Á‡ÏÂÌÛ ˜‡ÎÓÒ¸ ÓÚ ÔÓ‰ÒÚËÎÓ˜ÌÓ„Ó: ‚ ÌÂÏ ‰ÓÏËÌËÓ‚‡ÎË ·‡ÁË- 8 åàäêéÅàéãéÉàü      ÚÓÏ 78      ‹ 3      2009 402 à҇‚‡ Ë ‰. Candida ralilenensis EF608212 Candida ralilenensis AF247274 85.9 Candida ralilenensis T U45800 Candida oleophila T U45793 80.7 Candida oleophila EF452234 Candida santamariae var. santamariae T U4579 94.7 Candida santamariae var. membranifaciens T U45785 82.9 Candida zeylanoides T U45832 Candida boleticola T U45777 97.2 99.9 Candida schatavii T U45795 Candida fragi T U71071 57.2 Candida natalensis T U45818 83.1 96.8 Candida auercitrusa T U45831 Debaryomyces hansenii var. hansenii T U45808 91.0 Pichia guilliermondii T 045709 Zygosaccharomyces bailii T U72161 8 6 4 2 0 êËÒ. 3. îËÎÓ„ÂÌÂÚ˘ÂÒÍÓ ÔÓÎÓÊÂÌË ‚ˉ‡ ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ, ‚˚‰ÂÎÂÌÌÓ„Ó ËÁ ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ (¯Ú‡ÏÏ EF608212). êÂÁÛθڇÚ˚ ÒÂÍ‚Â- ÌËÓ‚‡ÌËfl D1D2 „ËÓ̇ Ñçä, ¯Í‡Î‡ ÒÓÓÚ‚ÂÚÒÚ‚ÛÂÚ ˜ËÒÎÛ ÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉÌ˚ı Á‡ÏÂÌ Ì‡ 100 Ô.Ì., Á̇˜ÂÌËfl ·ÛÚÒÚÂÔ‡ ÏÂ̸¯Â 50 Ì Ô˂‰ÂÌ˚. Candida railenensis Cryptococcus albidus 100 80 60 % 40 Â, Ë Î Ë 20 · Ó Â 0 Ó Ì ¸100 Cystofilobasidium capitatum Rhodotorula glutinis Î Â Ú Ë 80 Ò Ó Ì éÚ 60 40 20 0 5 9 12 3 6 10 1 5 9 12 3 6 10 1 åÂÒflˆ˚ 1 2 3 êËÒ. 4. ÑË̇ÏË͇ ÓÚÌÓÒËÚÂθÌÓ„Ó Ó·ËÎËfl ‰ÓÏËÌËÛ˛˘Ëı ‚ˉӂ ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ ‚ ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎflı ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ; Ó·ÓÁ̇˜ÂÌËfl Í‡Í Ì‡ ËÒ. 1. ‰ËÓÏˈÂÚÓ‚˚ ‰ÓÊÊË Cryptococcus albidus, Rhodo- ‡ÒÚ‡ÂÚ ÔÓÒΠÒÓÁ‚‡ÌËfl ÔÎÓ‰Ó‚ [7, 16]. èË ˝ÚÓÏ torula glutinis Ë Cystofilobasidium capitatum, ÔÂӷ·- ‰ÓÊÊË, ‡ÁÏÌÓʇ˛˘ËÂÒfl ‚ ÏflÍÓÚË ÔÎÓ‰‡, Ô‰- ‰‡˛˘Ë ̇ ÎËÒÚ¸flı Ë ‚ ÔÓ‰ÒÚËÎÍ ‰Û·‡ [15]. 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