Canadian Forces Aerospace Doctrine Shape Doctrine

132 Pages·2014·4.52 MB·English

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Issued on the authority of the Commander of the Royal Canadian Air Force
Commander 1 Canadian Air Division
Winnipeg, Manitoba
R3J 3Y5
ISBN: D2-328/2014 978-1-100-54676-6
B-GA-403-000/FP-001
This publication is available on the DIN at: http://trenton.mil.ca/lodger/CFAWC/Index_e.asp
or at www.rcaf-arc.forces.gc.ca/en/cf-aerospace-warfare-centre/index.page on the Internet.
Published by Canadian Forces Aerospace Warfare Centre
Production Section
1st Edition, March 2014
C A N A D I A N F O R C E S
A E R O S P A C E
SH A PE
D O C T R I N E
B-GA-403-000/FP-001 CANADIAN FORCES AEROSPACE SHAPE DOCTRINE
PREFACE
This manual provides the operational-level doctrine for the Shape sub-
function of the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF). While intended
primarily for the operational level, it also describes fundamentals applicable
at the strategic and tactical levels. This manual has been designed for use by
the following personnel:
a. RCAF personnel engaged in control of the air, air attack, and
information operations, including the planning and conduct of
aerospace operations;
b. Canadian Forces (CF) schools and academies that train,
indoctrinate, and develop personnel in aerospace operations and
operational doctrine;
c. CF aerospace units and headquarters (HQ); and
d. personnel of other CF components engaged in the study of
aerospace operations or the planning and integration of aerospace
power into joint operations.
This manual is presented in five chapters:
a. Chapter 1 – Shape Fundamentals. Provides the rationale for
aerospace Shape capabilities and situates the Shape sub-function
within the aerospace functional model.
b. Chapter 2 – Control of the Air. Details the force application
component of Shape as it relates to the control of the air and space.
c. Chapter 3 – Air Attack. Details the force application component
of Shape as it applies to counter-sea operations, counter-land
operations, special air operations, and strategic attack.
d. Chapter 4 – Aerospace Information Operations. Introduces
information operations (info ops) concepts and details potential
aerospace contributions to, and missions within, the info ops
campaign.
e. Chapter 5 – Command and Control. Provides an overview of
the aspects of aerospace command and control (C2) that apply
specifically to the Shape sub-function.
iiii CPRHEAFPATCEER 1 FUNDAMENTALS CANADIAN FORCES AEROSPACE COMMAND DOCTRINE
CANADIAN FORCES AEROSPACE SHAPE DOCTRINE B-GA-403-000/FP-001
The manual is to be used in conjunction with the family of RCAF aerospace
doctrine publications, in particular with:
a. B-GA-400-000/FP-000, Canadian Forces Aerospace Doctrine;
b. B-GA-401-000/FP-001, Canadian Forces Aerospace Command
Doctrine;
c. B-GA-402-000/FP-001, Canadian Forces Aerospace Sense Doctrine;
d. B-GA-403-002/FP-001, Aerospace Electronic Warfare Doctrine;
e. B-GA-404-000/FP-001, Canadian Forces Aerospace Move Doctrine;
f. B-GA-405-000/FP-001, Canadian Forces Aerospace Shield
Doctrine; and
g. B-GA-405-001/FP-001, Aerospace Force Protection.
Recommendations for amendments to this publication are welcome and
should be forwarded to the Canadian Forces Aerospace Warfare Centre
(CFAWC), attention: Branch Head, Doctrine Development.
The Commander 1 Canadian Air Division (1 Cdn Air Div) is the
ratification authority for this doctrine.
CANADIAN FORCES AEROSPACE COMMAND DOCTRINE CHAPTER 1 FUNDAPMREENFTAACLSE iiiiii
B-GA-403-000/FP-001 CANADIAN FORCES AEROSPACE SHAPE DOCTRINE
KEYNOTES
These keynotes summarize the fundamental beliefs upon which Shape
doctrine is founded:
³
The mission of the RCAF, as an integrated element of the CF, is to
provide the Government of Canada (GC) with a relevant, responsive,
and effective aerospace instrument of national power. Canada’s
commitment to domestic and international security and defence
demands a robust, agile, flexible, and interoperable force equipped
to deliver kinetic and non-kinetic aerospace power, optimizing
both agile manoeuvre and integrated info ops. This commitment is
captured within the RCAF’s Shape sub-function.
³
The RCAF identified a Shape sub-function because air assets, based
on the inherent characteristics of aerospace power, can shape the
battlespace throughout the tactical, operational, and strategic levels
of conflict in ways that surface forces cannot.
³
Aerospace Shape-related operations aim to alter the physical,
moral, and informational domains in order to enable friendly force
operations and deny the adversary freedom of action.
³
Aerospace Shape assets can be used to strike directly at the strategic
heart of an adversary, producing disproportionate effects and
significantly altering the battlespace.
³
Aerospace Shape-related operations may be conducted independently
of, or jointly with, land and maritime forces.
³
Aerospace Shape-related operations can be offensive or defensive,
kinetic or non-kinetic, overt or covert in nature, and can be applied
directly or indirectly to accomplish assigned objectives.
³
Most aerospace assets are capable of some degree of shaping; however,
there are many missions and tasks within the Shape sub-function
where specialized capabilities are required.
³
The desired effects—not the specific weapon system, delivery
platform, or the type of target attacked—are pre-eminent within all
phases of the planning process and execution of aerospace Shape-
related operations.
iivv CKEHYANPOTTEERS 1 FUNDAMENTALS CANADIAN FORCES AEROSPACE COMMAND DOCTRINE
CANADIAN FORCES AEROSPACE SHAPE DOCTRINE B-GA-403-000/FP-001
³
A robust and dynamic aerospace C2 capability is required to allow the
aerospace commander to retain firm control of aerospace forces while
enabling dynamic employment, tasking, and re-tasking of aerospace
capabilities to meet the competing needs of the supported commanders.
Aerospace C2 operates under the fundamentals of centralized control
and decentralized execution and is structured accordingly. Aerospace
Shape-related operations require sufficient flexibility to respond to
rapidly emerging and dynamic changes to the battlespace.
CANADIAN FORCES AEROSPACE COMMAND DOCTRINE CHAPTER 1 FUNDKAEMYENNOTTAELSS vv
B-GA-403-000/FP-001 CANADIAN FORCES AEROSPACE SHAPE DOCTRINE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PREFACE
..................................................................................................ii
KEYNOTES
..............................................................................................iv
CHAPTER 1 SHAPE FUNDAMENTALS
Introduction ............................................................................................1
Force application ...............................................................................2
Information operations ......................................................................4
Why Royal Canadian Air Force Shape? ..................................................5
Aerospace power ......................................................................................7
The strategic effect of aerospace power ..............................................8
Shape capabilities and roles ...................................................................10
Shape and the Sense function ................................................................11
Summary ...............................................................................................13
CHAPTER 2 CONTROL OF THE AIR
Introduction ..........................................................................................17
Counter-air operations ....................................................................18
Domestic control of the air / air sovereignty ...................................22
Expeditionary control of the air ......................................................23
Offensive counter-air .............................................................................25
Offensive counter-air operation missions ........................................27
Defensive counter-air ............................................................................33
Defensive counter-air operation control and coordination ..............35
Defensive counter-air operation missions ........................................37
Summary ...............................................................................................39
vvii CTAHBALPET EORF 1C OFNUTNEDNATMSENTALS CANADIAN FORCES AEROSPACE COMMAND DOCTRINE
CANADIAN FORCES AEROSPACE SHAPE DOCTRINE B-GA-403-000/FP-001
CHAPTER 3 AIR ATTACK
Introduction ..........................................................................................41
Counter-sea operations and support to maritime forces ........................42
The maritime perspective .................................................................42
Air-maritime coordination ..............................................................46
The littoral .......................................................................................47
Maritime aviation ............................................................................47
Counter-sea missions ......................................................................48
Counter-land operations and support to land forces .............................51
The land perspective ........................................................................51
Air-land coordination ......................................................................52
Tactical aviation ...............................................................................53
Counter-land missions ....................................................................54
Special air operations .............................................................................62
Special operations - general .............................................................62
Special air operations overview ........................................................64
Special air operations missions ........................................................64
Strategic attack ......................................................................................65
Strategic attack mission ...................................................................66
Centres of gravity ............................................................................67
Summary ...............................................................................................68
CHAPTER 4 AEROSPACE INFORMATION OPERATIONS
Introduction ..........................................................................................71
Definition ........................................................................................73
Principles of information operations ...............................................74
Core information operations activity areas ......................................75
Components of information operations ..........................................77
Aerospace information operations .........................................................83
Summary ...............................................................................................85
CANADIAN FORCES AEROSPACE COMMAND DOCTRINE CHAPTTEARB 1L EF OUFN DCAOMNETNETNATLSS vviiii
B-GA-403-000/FP-001 CANADIAN FORCES AEROSPACE SHAPE DOCTRINE
CHAPTER 5 COMMAND AND CONTROL
Introduction ..........................................................................................87
Command and Control in the aerospace domain ............................87
Apportionment and allocation in joint operations ..........................89
Air battle rhythm and air tasking cycle ..................................................90
Aerospace targeting ...............................................................................95
Deliberate targeting .........................................................................96
Dynamic targeting ...........................................................................97
Intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance
and the joint targeting cycle ............................................................99
Summary .............................................................................................102
GLOSSARY
...........................................................................................103
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
....................................................................111
REFERENCES
.......................................................................................116
ADDITIONAL READING
.........................................................................118
vviiiiii CTAHBALPET EORF 1C OFNUTNEDNATMSENTALS CANADIAN FORCES AEROSPACE COMMAND DOCTRINE