Canada's History - August-September 2022

78 Pages·2022·15 MB·English

INSIDE WOMEN BEHIND THE LENS
EST. 1920 AS THE BEAVER
REBELS
EXILE
IN

HOW QUEBEC’S PATRIOTES OF 1837–38
WERE BANISHED TO AUSTRALIA
AUGUST - SEPTEMBER 2022
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CONTENTS Vol 102:4
18
FEATURES
18 28
Patriotes Sitting on Fire
Down Under
In 1972, Canada took in
thousands of Ugandan Asians
After fighting for democracy
who were stripped of their
in the failed Rebellions of
citizenship and given ninety
1837–38, political prisoners

days to leave their homeland.
were exiled to Australian penal
by Shezan Muhammedi
colonies. by Deke Richards
On the cover
36 44
Into the Light Original
Three Patriotes fight in the
Storytelling 1837–38 Rebellion of Lower
Often overlooked or

Canada in an illustration
misattributed, the works of
An Ontario pioneer village works by Chase Stone.
Canada’s earliest women
M with Anishinaabe communities to
CCO photographers are now being tell a fuller story of settlement and
RD MUSEUM rediscovered. by Laura Jones its impacts. by Nancy Payne
CANADASHISTORY.CA AUGUST–SEPTEMBER 2022 3
CONTENTS
DEPARTMENTS
9 The Packet
Famine thoughts.
Fuelling curiosity.
10 Currents
New life for Hudson’s
-
Bay Company store. Mi’kmaw arti
facts heading home. Remembering
the 1972 Summit Series. From the
Archives: New life springs from forest
-
fire’s ashes. Object of Interest: Resi
dential school student’s suitcase.
10
17 Trading Post -
A striking wed
ding dress was worn in 1896 and then
passed down through the generations.
51 Annual Report
Celebrating
-
the successes of 2021–22. Plus our an
nual honour roll of donors.
59 Destinations
Public gardens
across Canada offer occasions to
connect with our natural history. At the
museums: Black Canadians’ military
59
service, Métis give birth to a province.
63 Books Excerpt from Ice War
Diplomat: Hockey Meets Cold War
Politics at the 1972 Summit Series. Re-
-
views: Daring voyageurs. Problem
atic relationships. Shadow figures.
Unmistakable voice. More books:
flight casualties, island utopia,
internment memoir, urban vignettes,
nuclear North.
74 Album
Two sisters from Norway
17 74
worked at a Saskatchewan hotel until
they were able to connect with one
sister’s husband.
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HISTORY
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Dr. John McCrae wrote “In
Flanders Fields” while serving
in the No. 3 Canadian General
Hospital, a First World War
-
medical unit famous for inno
vations in blood transfusions,
X-rays, and battlefield surgery.
4 AUGUST–SEPTEMBER 2022 CANADASHISTORY.CA
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EDITOR’S NOTE
May longings
CONTRIBUTORS
Laura Jones is the
L
author of “Into the Light.” ast spring I found myself cruising While the Rebellions of 1837–38
Jones is a photogra- through Winnipeg, listening to the failed, their impacts were far-reaching.
pher and curator whose radio while enjoying the May-long- Alarmed by the uprisings, Britain sent a
photos are in museum
weekend sunshine. high-level official to report on the root
collections in Ottawa,
Suddenly a DJ cut in to wish us causes. The subsequent report by Gov-
Washington, Memphis, and Atlanta. She
co-founded the Baldwin Street Gallery listeners a happy Victoria Day. As he ernor General Lord Durham eventually
of Photography in Toronto, participated mused about barbecues and camping led to the establishment of responsible
in the Toronto Women’s Photography trips, he also mentioned that in Que- government in what’s now Canada.
Co-op, and is active in the Photographic
bec citizens were celebrating something Which brings me back to the May
Historical Society of Canada.
quite different — the Journée nationale long weekend, and how Victoria Day
des patriotes, or National Patriots Day. and the Journée nationale des patriotes
Shezan Muhammedi As a history buff, it’s embarrassing to together illustrate the continuing lin-
wrote “Sitting on Fire.” admit that I had never heard of that hol- guistic divide when it comes to Canada’s
He holds a Ph.D. in his-
iday, which was first celebrated in 2003. British colonial heritage.
tory and migration and
National Patriots Day, according to Victoria Day honours Queen Victo-
ethnic relations from
the University of West- then Quebec premier and Parti Québé- ria, who assumed the British throne in
ern Ontario. His book Gifts from Amin: cois leader Bernard Landry, commemo- 1837 — the year the Canadas rose up
Ugandan Asian Refugees in Canada will rated “the importance of the struggle of in rebellion. The Province of Canada
be released in September 2022 by the
the patriots of 1837–38 for the national declared May 24 an official holiday in
University of Manitoba Press.
recognition of our people, for its politi- 1845, and, after Confederation, the
cal liberty, and to obtain a democratic Dominion of Canada made Victoria
Nancy Payne wrote system of government.” Day a legal holiday in 1901.
“Original Storytelling”
In this issue, we delve into the tumul- In recent years, increasing numbers
about efforts to include
tuous 1830s, when frustration over Brit- of Canadians have cast a critical eye on
Indigenous history at
Lang Pioneer Village, ish colonial rule boiled over in Lower the country’s British colonial legacy —
a beloved family des- Canada and Upper Canada (what are especially with regard to its harmful
tination near her home in rural central now parts of Quebec and Ontario). impacts on Indigenous Peoples.
Ontario. She is the editor of Kayak:
Six decades earlier, British citizens At the same time, however, Victo-
Canada’s History Magazine for Kids,
in the Thirteen Colonies had risen up ria Day continues to be celebrated as a
and co-editor of the National Centre for
Truth and Reconciliation’s publication against the tyranny of taxation with- slightly anachronistic excuse to hoist a
for Truth and Reconciliation Week. out representation by declaring a new few beverages with friends, or perhaps to
republic, the United States of America. head to the cottage. Queen Victoria her-
Deke Richards is the At the time, American Patriots urged self is most certainly an afterthought; it’s
author of “Patriotes Down their northern neighbours to join their like having Queen Elizabeth II on our
Under.” Richards is a revolution. Instead, the northerners currency, or having a Governor General
veteran filmmaker whose
stuck with the status quo. or a legal system based on the Crown.
documentary Land of
So why, just over a half century To many citizens in English Canada, the
a Thousand Sorrows
Revisited tells the story of the Canadians later, did some citizens in the Canadas country’s British heritage just is.
who fought in the Rebellions of 1837–38 decide to take up arms against Mother But for Quebec nationalists, the
and were banished to Australian penal Britannia? In “Patriotes Down Under,” Journée nationale des patriotes is not
colonies. The film has been screened in
writer and filmmaker Deke Richards about what is but rather what might
Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.
examines the grievances that led to have been — a victory for the rebels
the armed uprisings of 1837–38 and of 1837–38 — as well as a rallying cry
Chase Stone created explains how, in their wake, dozens of for what they hope might still be — an
the cover art of three captured rebels were banished to cruel independent, French-speaking Quebec
Patriote fighters. He is
penal colonies in Australia. nation. One can only imagine how dif-
a freelance illustrator
Elsewhere in this issue, we recall the ferently history would have unfolded if
based in New York who
works primarily in the fiftieth anniversary of the mass arrival the rebels of 1837–38 had won.
realm of science fiction of Ugandan-Asian refugees; we remem-
and fantasy, with an interest in depict- ber women photographers of the late
ing the fantastic as realistically as pos-
nineteenth century; and we learn about
sible. This interest also applies to his-
efforts to incorporate Indigenous per-
torical artwork, from paleoart to images
such as the one made for this issue. spectives at an Ontario pioneer village.
CANADASHISTORY.CA AUGUST–SEPTEMBER 2022 7
Canada’s National History Society is proud to introduce
THE JOHN
BRAGG AWARD
for Atlantic Canada
Connecting Communities through the History of Inspired Canadians
The John Bragg Award empowers heritage organizations
to conserve and promote the history of inspiring leaders
who shaped Atlantic Canadian history.
Three (3) grants of $50,000 will be awarded
to successful applicants.
For more information contact:
Joanna Dawson
1-844-852-7377 ext 225
CanadasHistory.ca/BraggAward
The John Bragg Award is administered by Canada’s National History Society and made
possible with the generous support of The John and Judy Bragg Family Foundation.
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EY CHARMAN Point Sapin, JNareowsl aBwru Inwswanicuks PEwomrirttaeai lgt oceo C Amavnmeanedunaet’ss, WHtoiis nteondripyit,oe Brgsr,y@ McCeB aH nRaa3lldB Ma 2saEHin9is FtColoarony.rac, da5 a1o.5 r
AUGUST–SEPTEMBER 2022 9
CURRENTS
Clockwise from top left: The Hud-
son’s Bay Company’s downtown
Winnipeg store. HBC Chair Richard
Baker, left, accepts elk and beaver
pelts from Southern Chiefs’ Orga-
nization Grand Chief Jerry Daniels
as “rent” in exchange for the store.
A woman wears a fur stole during
an HBC fashion show in Winnipeg
in 1937. A rent of elk heads and
beaver pelts was paid by the HBC to
King George VI during a royal visit
to Winnipeg in 1939. The Beaver’s
June 1928 issue features a photo of
the Winnipeg store. A conceptual
drawing of the renovated interior of
the HBC building.
New life for iconic HBC store
Manitoba First Nations unveil visionary plan for downtown Winnipeg building.
Fmllcwrm(tofaeoSieloefohngCears WHsrt atsdnanh I Oonnouitcmyhnte red rww)y see e,fMbaa i etea wngi orornuoasvla kehryC rirf eC neln n e iadttaOcr ioeahodn,iti h noncnix Veud nr i etgbraet dsI seD afnAd apwotobap ot-,aptuw noruu1erar’ rrsedrtues9nsniph ylsiNtl - tnn,diotaee2r onrteeoom s na0hw vrlseturnet2aeehtesns nhtsm2 tene neH hftcwW,seoh t daeefut ,areir thi di roadnmoenblstelb ry s tcntuvotg .-ohSliohiafietfaploano en dci 2nten1’uua osi c0inigt9r nzttmooB 2h ga2 Ftws ma.0etia 6itciwryo,roo s p mn bmiuaContma ulsCNsudodan pi,pll n hma ytdaaaairy’it-ssneisocipp no wsdtfebhaugssun noion’ crb.m sf OdpnotyoT ihct ueodrhmdrio cvg raseeceemiemenna ropcd,e ng mfunioaa dacit ntznsrhouc rtatidoie-nnt lttiil i eioit o-cys n . TWcau“waaretinieTosnlohxnhl one ,Ictncenv”hnehdthh eet so D reeaowaaahsieuls iat fnyefin eso tspuwn egidp cihmrar nileeabs ee knratg an tl ecrdecf sa a tvo sitauh rebanwdispersnn ldaed B eiaaet cioi wh t.cdam$aebe sne—ehno1. nre f e esAgfoor3b Maodt,km atrt0hvuhr h .htteoI- eCioeoenhemlkrd fan.ccdegr ip—ii Rnlooy lnsieiclgn e,eatinmo gteoeSgelhhiotnd,rnpCp snge emeea aoOrtormtvn oeonwiuoohcd voywGsnHi nk ita nhthai a,frBnanb ayaeonr lCdhg,mudnia drzDo i dlsatl“ Ctitdihplhaioh ttitCheisein ea-coni cass htiI incgenaa .a ibivre enll drp sitreRnrsfdhi ier gp igitJoefb cucoaeaeh hjlorfecpeinrtuidaenriec,pol”tyr irtcsu datuo , wi-iD vr eltl srsieBoiiitas astylpu llna,itno me oianaakgoiudnleerisb sntrtr ,lyrono w es. i e fllneiaocr l-srl THE BEAVER DECEMBER 1937. THE BEAVER JUNE 1939. SOUTHERN CHIEFS’ ORGANIZATION INCCLOCKWISE FROM TOP LEFT: AARON MCKAY. SOUTHERN CHIEFS’ ORGANIZATION INC.
10 AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2022 CANADASHISTORY.CA