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EYEWITNESS TRAVEL CANADA NATIONAL PARKS MAPS • GREAT LAKES HOTELS • S SHOPPING WILDLIFE N • DI R A J RESTAURANTS MOUNTAINS • ES D MUSEUMS • HISTORIC TOWNS SAINTE THE GUIDES THAT SHOW YOU WHAT OTHERS ONLY TELL YOU EYEWITNESS TRAVEL CANADA EYEWITNESS TRAVEL CANADA CONTENTS INTRODUCING CANADA PRODUCED BY Duncan Baird Publishers, London, England MANAGING DISCOVERING EDITOR Rebecca Miles CANADA 8 MANAGING ART EDITOR Vanessa Marsh EDITORS Georgina Harris, Michelle de Larrabeiti, Zoë Ross DESIGNERS Dawn Davies-Cook, Ian Midson DESIGN ASSISTANCE Rosie Laing, Kelvin Mullins PUTTING CANADA VISUALIZER Gary Cross ON THE MAP 12 PICTURE RESEARCH Victoria Peel DTP DESIGNER Sarah Williams Dorling Kindersley Limited A PORTRAIT OF PROJECT EDITOR Paul Hines ART EDITOR Jane Ewart US EDITOR Mary Sutherland EDITOR Hugh Thompson CANADA 16 CONTRIBUTORS Bruce Bishop, Eric & Katharine Fletcher, Paul Franklin, Sam Ion, Ffion Llywd-Jones, Helena Katz, Philip Lee, Cam Norton, CANADA THROUGH Lorry Patton, Sandra Phinney, Geoffrey Roy, Michael Snook, Donald Telfer, Paul Waters THE YEAR 38 PHOTOGRAPHERS Alan Keohane, Peter Wilson, Francesca Yorke ILLUSTRATORS THE HISTORY OF Joanna Cameron, Gary Cross, Chris Forsey, Paul Guest, Claire Littlejohn, CANADA 42 Robbie Polley, Kevin Robinson, John Woodcock Reproduced by Colourscan (Singapore) Printed and bound by South China Printing Co. Ltd., China ATLANTIC First American Edition, 2000 10 11 12 13 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 CANADA Published in the United States by DK Publishing, 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014 Reprinted with revisions 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010 INTRODUCING Copyright 2000, 2010 © Dorling Kindersley Limited, London ATLANTIC CANADA 58 A Penguin Company ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. WITHOUT LIMITING THE RIGHTS OF THE COPYRIGHT NEWFOUNDLAND AND RESERVED ABOVE, NO PART OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRODUCED, STORED IN OR INTRODUCED INTO A RETRIEVAL SYSTEM, OR TRANSMITTED, IN ANY FORM, OR LABRADOR 64 BY ANY MEANS (ELECTRONIC, MECHANICAL, PHOTOCOPYING, RECORDING, OR OTHERWISE), WITHOUT THE PRIOR WRITTEN PERMISSION OF BOTH THE COPYRIGHT OWNER AND THE ABOVE PUBLISHER OF THIS BOOK. NEW BRUNSWICK, NOVA PUBLISHED IN GREAT BRITAIN BY DORLING KINDERSLEY LIMITED. A CATALOG RECORD FOR THIS BOOK IS AVAILABLE FROM SCOTIA, AND PRINCE THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS EDWARD ISLAND 74 ISSN 1542-1554 ISBN 978-0-75666-103-8 Front cover main image: Spirit Island in the heart of the Maligne Lake, Jasper National Park, Alberta (cid:6)(cid:11)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:11)(cid:1)(cid:22)(cid:20)(cid:26)(cid:13)(cid:17)(cid:12)(cid:1)(cid:22)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:8)(cid:11)(cid:1)(cid:9)(cid:15)(cid:11)(cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:11)(cid:20)(cid:1)(cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:10)(cid:1)(cid:12)(cid:20)(cid:11)(cid:11)(cid:17)(cid:11)(cid:20)(cid:4) (cid:26)(cid:1)(cid:23)(cid:7)(cid:1)(cid:18)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:24)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:7)(cid:1)(cid:23)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:7)(cid:1)(cid:3)(cid:15)(cid:6)(cid:1)(cid:19)(cid:23)(cid:11)(cid:20)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:1)(cid:20)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:19)(cid:1)(cid:16)(cid:8)(cid:8) (cid:26)(cid:1)(cid:23)(cid:7)(cid:1)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:7)(cid:1)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:8)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:1)(cid:18)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:17)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:19)(cid:11)(cid:4)(cid:13)(cid:24)(cid:1)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:9)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:1) (cid:8)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:1)(cid:23)(cid:10)(cid:7)(cid:15)(cid:7)(cid:22)(cid:7)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:17)(cid:16)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:11)(cid:4)(cid:13)(cid:7) (cid:26)(cid:1)(cid:23)(cid:7)(cid:1)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:12)(cid:1)(cid:16)(cid:21)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:17)(cid:18)(cid:11)(cid:15)(cid:20)(cid:7)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:1)(cid:20)(cid:16)(cid:1)(cid:3)(cid:5)(cid:20)(cid:11)(cid:22)(cid:7)(cid:13)(cid:24)(cid:1)(cid:18)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:21)(cid:5)(cid:7)(cid:1) (cid:23)(cid:3)(cid:20)(cid:7)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:3)(cid:15)(cid:6)(cid:1)(cid:7)(cid:15)(cid:7)(cid:18)(cid:9)(cid:24)(cid:1)(cid:5)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:19)(cid:21)(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:20)(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:15) (cid:26)(cid:1)(cid:23)(cid:7)(cid:1)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:12)(cid:1)(cid:16)(cid:21)(cid:20)(cid:1)(cid:16)(cid:21)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:19)(cid:21)(cid:17)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:11)(cid:7)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:1)(cid:23)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:12)(cid:11)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:1) (cid:5)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:6)(cid:11)(cid:20)(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:19)(cid:1)(cid:25)(cid:1)(cid:20)(cid:10)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:1)(cid:15)(cid:7)(cid:22)(cid:7)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:7)(cid:1)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:13)(cid:6)(cid:1)(cid:13)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:21)(cid:18) (cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:17)(cid:10)(cid:1)(cid:18)(cid:23)(cid:22)(cid:1)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:20)(cid:11)(cid:1)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:18)(cid:23)(cid:22)(cid:1)(cid:18)(cid:23)(cid:20)(cid:1)(cid:24)(cid:7)(cid:15)(cid:23)(cid:11)(cid:21)(cid:1)(cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:10)(cid:1) (cid:8)(cid:11)(cid:21)(cid:22)(cid:1)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:7)(cid:9)(cid:22)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:11)(cid:21)(cid:1)(cid:7)(cid:22)(cid:1)(cid:25)(cid:25)(cid:25)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:16) The information in this DK Eyewitness Travel Guide is checked regularly. Every effort has been made to ensure that this book is as up-to-date as possible at the time of going to press. Some details, however, The historic reconstruction of such as telephone numbers, opening hours, prices, gallery hanging Fortress Louisbourg, Nova Scotia arrangements, and travel information are liable to change. The publishers cannot accept responsibility for any consequences arising from the use of this book, nor for any material on third party QUEBEC websites, and cannot guarantee that any website address in this book will be a suitable source of travel information. We value the views and suggestions of our readers very highly. Please write to: INTRODUCING Publisher, DK Eyewitness Travel Guides, Dorling Kindersley, QUEBEC 100 80 Strand, London, WC2R 0RL, Great Britain. The dazzling fall foliage of Quebec’s maple forests NORTHERN CANADA INTRODUCING NORTHERN CANADA 324 NORTHERN CANADA 328 TRAVELERS’ NEEDS WHERE TO STAY 344 WHERE TO EAT 366 Moraine Lake in Banff National Park in the Rockies SHOPPING IN BRITISH MONTREAL 106 CANADA 392 COLUMBIA AND QUEBEC CITY AND THE ROCKIES ENTERTAINMENT IN THE ST. LAWRENCE CANADA 396 RIVER 128 INTRODUCING BRITISH COLUMBIA AND SPECIALTY VACATIONS SOUTHERN AND THE ROCKIES 256 AND ACTIVITIES 400 NORTHERN QUEBEC 146 VANCOUVER SURVIVAL GUIDE AND VANCOUVER ISLAND 264 PRACTICAL INFORMATION 406 THE ROCKY MOUNTAINS 290 INDEX AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS SOUTHERN AND 428 NORTHERN BRITISH Château Frontenac in Quebec City COLUMBIA 314 ONTARIO INTRODUCING ONTARIO 160 TORONTO 166 OTTAWA AND EASTERN ONTARIO 190 THE GREAT LAKES 206 CENTRAL CANADA INTRODUCING CENTRAL CANADA 228 The Basilica of Sainte- CENTRAL CANADA 234 Anne-du-Beaupré in Quebec INTRODUCING CANADA DISCOVERING CANADA 811 PUTTING CANADA ON THE MAP 1215 A PORTRAIT OF CANADA 1637 CANADA THROUGH THE YEAR 3841 THE HISTORY OF CANADA 4255 8 I N T R O D U C I N G C A N A D A DISCOVERING CANADA C anada – the world’s second to teeming metropolises, this vast largest country after Russia – Commonwealth country offers end- is a vast land comprising less fascinating experiences. This ten provinces and three territories. guide divides Canada into This young nation, founded in 13 regions that will most appeal 1867, stretches from the to travelers. Here you will Atlantic to the Pacific to the find a brief overview of each Arctic Ocean. From rural unique region to help you Cape Sprear, coastal villages to flat prairies Newfoundland get the most out of your visit. complete with brightly painted NEW BRUNSWICK, lobster boats abound, particu- NOVA SCOTIA, AND larly on the Acadian Peninsula PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND (see p78) and Wolfville (see p85). The area is renowned • Charming seaside villages for fresh seafood. and towns • Fortress Louisbourg • Unique blend of English, MONTREAL Scottish and French Acadian roots • Cosmopolitan flair • Great seafood • Fine museums • Delightful ambience of These three provinces are Vieux-Montréal A deep fjord in Gros Morne renowned for their magnifi- • Shopping in the National Park, Newfoundland cent coastlines. The Bay of Underground City Fundy, between Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, has the Canadians are quietly proud NEWFOUNDLAND highest tides in the world, of their second largest city AND LABRADOR which can be seen at Fundy which was home to both the National Park (see p76). Whale 1967 World Exposition and • Striking geography watching in Nova Scotia is a the 1976 Olympic Games • Gros Morne National Park big attraction, but if historical (see pp124–5) – and is simply • Viking and Irish heritage sites beckon, ensure a visit to an exciting and fun city to • Seafaring lifestyle the amazing reconstruction of visit at any time of the year. Fortress Louisbourg (see Vieux-Montréal (see pp110– Canadians love their newest pp96–7) on Cape Breton 11), the old city built along province (established in Island. Children’s story book the shore of the St. Lawrence 1949) not only for its rugged heroine Anne of Green Gables River, is a charming 18th- landscape of rocky shores, has a whole town devoted to century enclave of horse- fjords, and sweeping island her on Prince Edward Island drawn carriages, boutique vistas, but for its people (see pp80–83). Throughout hotels, and cafés. The who have inherited the the three provinces, charming Basilique Notre-Dame-de- humorous, indomitable Acadian fishing villages Montréal (see p112) is a spirit of their Irish forbears. St. John’s (see pp66–7), the capital city, is a good place to begin your “Newfie” journey, which will probably also lead you to beautiful Gros Morne National Park (see p70) on the western coast, or Terra Nova National Park (see p69) on the eastern side of the island. Labrador, nearby on the Canadian mainland, has a sizable aboriginal population, as well as the town of Happy Valley-Goose Bay (see p73), with its World War II historical background. The 18th-century charm of Vieux-Montréal Indian Encampment on Lake Huron c. 1845 by Paul Kane (Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto)

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EYEWITNESS TRAVEL CANADA NATIONAL PARKS MAPS • GREAT LAKES HOTELS • S SHOPPING WILDLIFE N • DI R A J RESTAURANTS MOUNTAINS • ES D MUSEUMS • HISTORIC TOWNS SAINTE THE GUIDES THAT SHOW YOU WHAT OTHERS ONLY TELL YOU EYEWITNESS TRAVEL CANADA EYEWITNESS TRAVEL CANADA CONTENTS INTRODUCING CANADA PRODUCED BY Duncan Baird Publishers, London, England MANAGING DISCOVERING EDITOR Rebecca Miles CANADA 8 MANAGING ART EDITOR Vanessa Marsh EDITORS Georgina Harris, Michelle de Larrabeiti, Zoë Ross DESIGNERS Dawn Davies-Cook, Ian Midson DESIGN ASSISTANCE Rosie Laing, Kelvin Mullins PUTTING CANADA VISUALIZER Gary Cross ON THE MAP 12 PICTURE RESEARCH Victoria Peel DTP DESIGNER Sarah Williams Dorling Kindersley Limited A PORTRAIT OF PROJECT EDITOR Paul Hines ART EDITOR Jane Ewart US EDITOR Mary Sutherland EDITOR Hugh Thompson CANADA 16 CONTRIBUTORS Bruce Bishop, Eric & Katharine Fletcher, Paul Franklin, Sam Ion, Ffion Llywd-Jones, Helena Katz, Philip Lee, Cam Norton, CANADA THROUGH Lorry Patton, Sandra Phinney, Geoffrey Roy, Michael Snook, Donald Telfer, Paul Waters THE YEAR 38 PHOTOGRAPHERS Alan Keohane, Peter Wilson, Francesca Yorke ILLUSTRATORS THE HISTORY OF Joanna Cameron, Gary Cross, Chris Forsey, Paul Guest, Claire Littlejohn, CANADA 42 Robbie Polley, Kevin Robinson, John Woodcock Reproduced by Colourscan (Singapore) Printed and bound by South China Printing Co. Ltd., China ATLANTIC First American Edition, 2000 10 11 12 13 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 CANADA Published in the United States by DK Publishing, 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014 Reprinted with revisions 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010 INTRODUCING Copyright 2000, 2010 © Dorling Kindersley Limited, London ATLANTIC CANADA 58 A Penguin Company ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. WITHOUT LIMITING THE RIGHTS OF THE COPYRIGHT NEWFOUNDLAND AND RESERVED ABOVE, NO PART OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRODUCED, STORED IN OR INTRODUCED INTO A RETRIEVAL SYSTEM, OR TRANSMITTED, IN ANY FORM, OR LABRADOR 64 BY ANY MEANS (ELECTRONIC, MECHANICAL, PHOTOCOPYING, RECORDING, OR OTHERWISE), WITHOUT THE PRIOR WRITTEN PERMISSION OF BOTH THE COPYRIGHT OWNER AND THE ABOVE PUBLISHER OF THIS BOOK. NEW BRUNSWICK, NOVA PUBLISHED IN GREAT BRITAIN BY DORLING KINDERSLEY LIMITED. A CATALOG RECORD FOR THIS BOOK IS AVAILABLE FROM SCOTIA, AND PRINCE THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS EDWARD ISLAND 74 ISSN 1542-1554 ISBN 978-0-75666-103-8 Front cover main image: Spirit Island in the heart of the Maligne Lake, Jasper National Park, Alberta (cid:6)(cid:11)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:11)(cid:1)(cid:22)(cid:20)(cid:26)(cid:13)(cid:17)(cid:12)(cid:1)(cid:22)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:8)(cid:11)(cid:1)(cid:9)(cid:15)(cid:11)(cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:11)(cid:20)(cid:1)(cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:10)(cid:1)(cid:12)(cid:20)(cid:11)(cid:11)(cid:17)(cid:11)(cid:20)(cid:4) (cid:26)(cid:1)(cid:23)(cid:7)(cid:1)(cid:18)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:24)(cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:7)(cid:1)(cid:23)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:7)(cid:1)(cid:3)(cid:15)(cid:6)(cid:1)(cid:19)(cid:23)(cid:11)(cid:20)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:1)(cid:20)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:19)(cid:1)(cid:16)(cid:8)(cid:8) (cid:26)(cid:1)(cid:23)(cid:7)(cid:1)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:7)(cid:1)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:17)(cid:7)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:8)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:1)(cid:18)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:17)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:19)(cid:11)(cid:4)(cid:13)(cid:24)(cid:1)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:9)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:1) (cid:8)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:7)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:1)(cid:23)(cid:10)(cid:7)(cid:15)(cid:7)(cid:22)(cid:7)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:17)(cid:16)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:11)(cid:4)(cid:13)(cid:7) (cid:26)(cid:1)(cid:23)(cid:7)(cid:1)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:12)(cid:1)(cid:16)(cid:21)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:17)(cid:18)(cid:11)(cid:15)(cid:20)(cid:7)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:1)(cid:20)(cid:16)(cid:1)(cid:3)(cid:5)(cid:20)(cid:11)(cid:22)(cid:7)(cid:13)(cid:24)(cid:1)(cid:18)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:21)(cid:5)(cid:7)(cid:1) (cid:23)(cid:3)(cid:20)(cid:7)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:3)(cid:15)(cid:6)(cid:1)(cid:7)(cid:15)(cid:7)(cid:18)(cid:9)(cid:24)(cid:1)(cid:5)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:19)(cid:21)(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:20)(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:15) (cid:26)(cid:1)(cid:23)(cid:7)(cid:1)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:12)(cid:1)(cid:16)(cid:21)(cid:20)(cid:1)(cid:16)(cid:21)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:19)(cid:21)(cid:17)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:11)(cid:7)(cid:18)(cid:19)(cid:2)(cid:1)(cid:23)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:12)(cid:11)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:1) (cid:5)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:6)(cid:11)(cid:20)(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:19)(cid:1)(cid:25)(cid:1)(cid:20)(cid:10)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:1)(cid:15)(cid:7)(cid:22)(cid:7)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:7)(cid:1)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:13)(cid:6)(cid:1)(cid:13)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:21)(cid:18) (cid:5)(cid:13)(cid:17)(cid:10)(cid:1)(cid:18)(cid:23)(cid:22)(cid:1)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:20)(cid:11)(cid:1)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:18)(cid:23)(cid:22)(cid:1)(cid:18)(cid:23)(cid:20)(cid:1)(cid:24)(cid:7)(cid:15)(cid:23)(cid:11)(cid:21)(cid:1)(cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:10)(cid:1) (cid:8)(cid:11)(cid:21)(cid:22)(cid:1)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:7)(cid:9)(cid:22)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:11)(cid:21)(cid:1)(cid:7)(cid:22)(cid:1)(cid:25)(cid:25)(cid:25)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:16) The information in this DK Eyewitness Travel Guide is checked regularly. Every effort has been made to ensure that this book is as up-to-date as possible at the time of going to press. Some details, however, The historic reconstruction of such as telephone numbers, opening hours, prices, gallery hanging Fortress Louisbourg, Nova Scotia arrangements, and travel information are liable to change. The publishers cannot accept responsibility for any consequences arising from the use of this book, nor for any material on third party QUEBEC websites, and cannot guarantee that any website address in this book will be a suitable source of travel information. We value the views and suggestions of our readers very highly. Please write to: INTRODUCING Publisher, DK Eyewitness Travel Guides, Dorling Kindersley, QUEBEC 100 80 Strand, London, WC2R 0RL, Great Britain. The dazzling fall foliage of Quebec’s maple forests NORTHERN CANADA INTRODUCING NORTHERN CANADA 324 NORTHERN CANADA 328 TRAVELERS’ NEEDS WHERE TO STAY 344 WHERE TO EAT 366 Moraine Lake in Banff National Park in the Rockies SHOPPING IN BRITISH MONTREAL 106 CANADA 392 COLUMBIA AND QUEBEC CITY AND THE ROCKIES ENTERTAINMENT IN THE ST. LAWRENCE CANADA 396 RIVER 128 INTRODUCING BRITISH COLUMBIA AND SPECIALTY VACATIONS SOUTHERN AND THE ROCKIES 256 AND ACTIVITIES 400 NORTHERN QUEBEC 146 VANCOUVER SURVIVAL GUIDE AND VANCOUVER ISLAND 264 PRACTICAL INFORMATION 406 THE ROCKY MOUNTAINS 290 INDEX AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS SOUTHERN AND 428 NORTHERN BRITISH Château Frontenac in Quebec City COLUMBIA 314 ONTARIO INTRODUCING ONTARIO 160 TORONTO 166 OTTAWA AND EASTERN ONTARIO 190 THE GREAT LAKES 206 CENTRAL CANADA INTRODUCING CENTRAL CANADA 228 The Basilica of Sainte- CENTRAL CANADA 234 Anne-du-Beaupré in Quebec INTRODUCING CANADA DISCOVERING CANADA 811 PUTTING CANADA ON THE MAP 1215 A PORTRAIT OF CANADA 1637 CANADA THROUGH THE YEAR 3841 THE HISTORY OF CANADA 4255 8 I N T R O D U C I N G C A N A D A DISCOVERING CANADA C anada – the world’s second to teeming metropolises, this vast largest country after Russia – Commonwealth country offers end- is a vast land comprising less fascinating experiences. This ten provinces and three territories. guide divides Canada into This young nation, founded in 13 regions that will most appeal 1867, stretches from the to travelers. Here you will Atlantic to the Pacific to the find a brief overview of each Arctic Ocean. From rural unique region to help you Cape Sprear, coastal villages to flat prairies Newfoundland get the most out of your visit. complete with brightly painted NEW BRUNSWICK, lobster boats abound, particu- NOVA SCOTIA, AND larly on the Acadian Peninsula PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND (see p78) and Wolfville (see p85). The area is renowned • Charming seaside villages for fresh seafood. and towns • Fortress Louisbourg • Unique blend of English, MONTREAL Scottish and French Acadian roots • Cosmopolitan flair • Great seafood • Fine museums • Delightful ambience of These three provinces are Vieux-Montréal A deep fjord in Gros Morne renowned for their magnifi- • Shopping in the National Park, Newfoundland cent coastlines. The Bay of Underground City Fundy, between Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, has the Canadians are quietly proud NEWFOUNDLAND highest tides in the world, of their second largest city AND LABRADOR which can be seen at Fundy which was home to both the National Park (see p76). Whale 1967 World Exposition and • Striking geography watching in Nova Scotia is a the 1976 Olympic Games • Gros Morne National Park big attraction, but if historical (see pp124–5) – and is simply • Viking and Irish heritage sites beckon, ensure a visit to an exciting and fun city to • Seafaring lifestyle the amazing reconstruction of visit at any time of the year. Fortress Louisbourg (see Vieux-Montréal (see pp110– Canadians love their newest pp96–7) on Cape Breton 11), the old city built along province (established in Island. Children’s story book the shore of the St. Lawrence 1949) not only for its rugged heroine Anne of Green Gables River, is a charming 18th- landscape of rocky shores, has a whole town devoted to century enclave of horse- fjords, and sweeping island her on Prince Edward Island drawn carriages, boutique vistas, but for its people (see pp80–83). Throughout hotels, and cafés. The who have inherited the the three provinces, charming Basilique Notre-Dame-de- humorous, indomitable Acadian fishing villages Montréal (see p112) is a spirit of their Irish forbears. St. John’s (see pp66–7), the capital city, is a good place to begin your “Newfie” journey, which will probably also lead you to beautiful Gros Morne National Park (see p70) on the western coast, or Terra Nova National Park (see p69) on the eastern side of the island. Labrador, nearby on the Canadian mainland, has a sizable aboriginal population, as well as the town of Happy Valley-Goose Bay (see p73), with its World War II historical background. The 18th-century charm of Vieux-Montréal Indian Encampment on Lake Huron c. 1845 by Paul Kane (Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto)

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