Cambodian Culture since I975 Asia East by South A series published under the auspices of the Southeast Asia Program, Cornell University Cambodian Culture since 1975: Homeland and Exile, edited by May M. Ebihara, Carol A. Mortland, and Judy Ledgerwood Also in the series Southeast Asia in the Early Modern Era: Trade, Power, and Belief edited by Anthony Reid Opium to Java: Revenue Farming and Chinese Enterprise in Colonial Indonesia, r860-I9IO by James R. Rush An Age in Motion: Popular Radicalism in java, I912-1926 by Takashi Shiraishi Opium and Empire: Chinese Society in Colonial Singapore, I800-I9IO by Carl A. Trocki Cantbodian Culture • stnce 1975 HOMELAND AND EXILE EDITED BY MAY M. EBIHARA A. CAROL MoRTLAND jUDY LEDGERWOOD Cornell University Press ITHACA AND LONDON Copyright © 1994 by Cornell University All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. For information, address Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850. First published 1994 by Cornell University Press. First printing, Cornell Paperbacks, 1994. Second printing 1995. Printed in the United States of America @)The paper in this book meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences-Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39·48-1984. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Cambodian culture since 1975 : homeland and exile I edited by May M. Ebihara, Carol A. Mortland, and Judy Ledgerwood. p. em. - (Asia, east by south) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN o-8014-2967-6 (cloth: alk. paper) ISBN o-8014-8173-2 (paper: alk. paper) I. Cambodia-Politics and government-1975- 2. Cambodia- Intellectual life. 3. Khmers-Foreign countries. I. Ebihara, May. II. Mortland, Carol A. (Carol Anne), 1945- lll. Ledgerwood, Judy, 1959- . IV. Series. DS554·8.C359 1994 959.604-de2o 93-43741 To the Khmer Contents Acknowledgments IX Preface David P. Chandler XI Note on Transliteration XV I Introduction Judy Ledgerwood, May M. Ebihara, and Carol A. Mortland I 2 Khmer Literature since I 97 5 Khing Hoc Dy 27 3 Khmer Traditional Music Today Sam-Ang Sam 39 4 The Revival of Masked Theater, Lkhaon Khaol, in Cambodia William Lobban 48 5 Cambodian Buddhist Monasteries in Paris: Continuing Tradition and Changing Patterns Milada Kalab 57 Vll Vlll Contents 6 Khmer Buddhists in the United States: Ultimate Questions Carol A. Mortland 72 7 Khmer Proverbs: Images and Rules Karen Fisher-Nguyen 9I 8 Metaphors of the Khmer Rouge john Marston I05 9 Gender Symbolism and Culture Change: Viewing the Virtuous Woman in the Khmer Story "Mea Yoeng" judy Ledgerwood II9 IO Sharing the Pain: Critical Values and Behaviors in Khmer Culture John Marcucci I29 II Cultural Consumption: Cambodian Peasant Refugees and Television in the "First World" Frank Smith 14I Notes I6I References I69 Notes on Contributors I87 Index I9I Acknowledgments We thank David Chandler for reading earlier drafts of these es says and providing comments, and for kindly consenting to write a preface. We are grateful also to Audrey Kahin and Dolina Millar of Southeast Asia Program Publications at Cornell University for their assistance. Our thanks as well to Kathleen Kearns, Una Moneypenny, and Joanne Hindman of Cornell University Press and to Marilyn Sale, our copyeditor. M.M.E. C. A.M. j.L. IX