Cambarus (Jugicambarus) Jezerinaci (Crustacea : Decapoda : Cambaridae), A New Species Of Crayfish From The Powell River Drainage Of Tennessee And Virginia

8 Pages·2000·2.6 MB·English

by  R F Thoma

PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
113(3):731-738. 2000.
Cambarus (Jugicambarus)jezerinaci (Crustacea: Decapoda:
Cambaridae), a new species of crayfish from the Powell River
Drainage of Tennessee and Virginia
Roger Thoma
F.
Museum of Biological Diversity, Ohio State University, 1315 Kinner Rd.,
Columbus, Ohio, 43212-1192, U.S.A.
—
Abstract. A new species ofcrayfish, Cambarus {Jugicambarus)jezerinaci,
is described from first and second order, spring fed streams draining into the
Powell River in Tennessee and Virginia. It is believed to be a sister species of
Cambarus {Jugicambarus) parvoculus and differs in having thickened rostral
margins abruptly angled at the cephalic terminus (90°) to form an acumen, a
smaller body size, reduced dorsal and ventral ridging of the chelate fingers,
reduced lateral impression of chela, immovable finger having four enlarged
tubercles (second from base largest), a propodus equal in length to the palm
length, and an oval-shaped chela outline.
While evaluating the taxonomic status of Material used in this description has been
Cambarus {Cambarus) bartonii cavatus deposited in the Ohio State University Mu-
Hay, 1902, the type locality ("PowellRiver, seum of Biological Diversity Crustacean
Tazewell, Tennessee" Hay 1902:435) was Collection (OSUMC), the National Muse-
visited in an effort to obtain topotypic ma- um of Natural History, Smithsonian Insti-
terial ofC. (C.) b. cavatus. Unable to locate tution, Washington, D.C. (USNM) and the
any crayfish that resembled my concept of Cleveland Museum of Natural History
C (C) b. cavatus in the Powell River, I (CMNH). Adobe Photoshop 2.5.1 LE® was
began searching smaller and smaller used to produce computer enhanced pho-
streams in the vicinity ofTazewell, Tennes- tographic illustrations. Systat 5.2.1® was
see. Suspecting that Hay may have obtained used for regression analysis.
his type material while cave exploring, on
18 August 1978, I visited Cave Spring, Cambarus {Jugicambarus)jezerinaci, new
where a small stream debouches from a species
cave northeast of Tazewell, Tennessee into Fig. 1, Table 1
Mill Hollow. No specimens resembling C Diagnosis.—Body pigmented. Eyes
(C.) b. cavatus were found but numerous small. Carapace subcylindrical, slightly
small, blue or red, sexually mature crayfish dorsoventrally flattened. Rostrum with
ofthe subgenus Jugicambarus Hobbs, 1969 straight, slightly convergent margins, thick-
were collected which proved to represent a ened, without marginal spines or tubercles,
new species described herein. Other cray- abruptly curved cephalically, terminating in
fishes of the genus Cambarus collected in upturned corneous acumen. Areola 2.7—5.5
the area were a species of the subgenus {X = 4.2, n — 69) times longer than wide,
Puncticambarus Hobbs, 1969 that has pre- comprising 33-37% {X = 35%, n = 69) of
viously been referred to as Species D total length of carapace, bearing 1 to 5
(Hobbs 1969), and Cambarus {Cambarus) punctuations across narrowest part {X = 3,
angularis Hobbs & Bouchard, 1994. n = 69). Cervical spine and tubercle absent.
732 PROCEEDINGS OFTHE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OFWASHINGTON
Cervical groove continuous or interrupted. I male and bent at angle greater than 90° to
Suborbital angle acute, with blunt spine. main shaft. Females with annulus ventralis
Postorbital ridge without cephalic spine or deeply embedded in sternum, asymmetrical
tubercle. Branchiostegal spine reduced to and having a rounded diamond shaped out-
small knob. Antennal scale approximately line, slightly movable, without cephalola-
2.3 times as long as broad, usually broadest teral prominence. —
at base; distomesial margin strongly con- Holotypic male. FormI. Body subovate
verging on lateral margin to form spine on (Fig. IE), dorsoventrally compressed. Ab-
distal end. Basipodite and ischium ofanten- domen narrower than cephalothorax (12.3
na lacking spine. Chela lacking tubercles on and 14.9 mm respectively); maximum
dorsal and ventral surfaces, length 75% width ofcarapace greaterthan depth atcau-
(71-81%) of total carapace length in Form dodorsal margin of cervical groove (14.9
I males (n = 9), 66-81%, X = 74% in fe- and 10.4 mm respectively). Areola broad
males (n = 50), 1 row of 5-8 (X = 6, n = with 3 rows of punctations in narrowest
69) cristiform tubercles along mesial mar- part; 4.2 times longer than wide; length
gin of palm and dorsopalmar furrow run- comprising 35.4% of total length of cara-
ning from median dactyl articulation to me- pace. Rostrum with slightly convergent,
sial side of propodus articulation with car- thickened, raised margins; rostral margins
pus. Lateral margin of propodus smooth, curved ventrally starting at postorbitalridg-
not impressed at dorsal or ventral surface; es; acumen distinctly delimited basally, an-
longitudinal ridges on finger of dorsal pro- terior tip upturned and corneous, reaching
podus moderately developed, weakly de- base ofpenultimate podomere ofantennular
veloped on dactyl; dactyl 1.2-1.6 (X = 1.4, peduncle; dorsal surface ofrostrumconcave
n = 69) times longer than mesial margin of with sparse punctations. Postorbital ridges
palm; palm width 40-52% (X = 46%, n = weak, grooved dorsolaterally, and ending
69) of chela length; palm length 70-93% cephalically without spines or corneous tu-
(X = 84%, n = 69) of chela width; row of bercles. Suborbital angles prominent; bran-
4 enlarged tubercles on opposable margin chiostegal spines absent. Cervical spines
of propodus finger, second tubercle from represented by small knob. Hepatic and
base largest; opposable margin of dactyl branchiostegal regions granulate. Remain-
with row of 3 enlarged tubercles, middle der of carapace punctate dorsally and gran-
tubercle smallest; lacking subpalmar tuber- ulate laterally. Abdomen subequal in length
cles; lacking cluster of elongated setae at to carapace, pleura short, subtruncate,
base of propodus finger. Dorsomesial mar- rounded caudoventrally. Cephalic sectionof
gin of carpus of chela with 1 distal spine telson with 2 spines on each caudolateral
and 1 proximal blunt tubercle; ventral sur- comer. Proximal podomere of right uropod
face with 1 conical tubercle, occasionally with 9 distal spines on mesial lobe; mesial
none. Ventrolateral ridge of merus usually ramus ofuropod with prominent median rib
with 2 or 3 spines. Copulatory hook only ending distally in small distomedian spine
on ischium ofthirdpereiopod ofmale. Boss not overreaching margin of ramus, distola-
on ischium of fourth pereiopod well devel- teral spine of ramus also strong.
oped. First pleopods of Form I male con- Cephalomedian lobe of epistome (Fig.
tiguous at base, with 2 short terminal ele- IH) short and subpentagonal having angu-
ments bent at angle greater than 90° to main larbends at median margins, ventral surface
shaft; corneous central projection truncated rather flat; main body with shallow central
distally, bearing conspicuous subapical fovea; epistomal zygoma strongly arched.
notch; mesial process inflated, tapering dis- Ventral surface of proximal podomere of
tally; Form II male pleopods non-corneous, antennular peduncle without acute spine at
terminal elements more bulbous than Form base of distal third. Antennal peduncle
VOLUME 113, NUMBER 3 733
^A
m B
m''
Fig. 1. Cambarus (Jugicambarus)jezerinaci, new species: (all fromholotypemale. Form I (OSUMC3614),
except B and C from morphotype male. Form II (OSUMC 3616), and G from allotype female (OSUMC 3615))
A, B, lateral view of male first pleopod; C, D, mesial view ofmale first pleopod; E, dorsal view ofcarapace;
F, dorsal view ofantennal scale; G, annulus ventralis; H, epistome; I, dorsal view ofleft cheliped.
without spines; antennal scale (Fig. IF) 2.5 ing tubercles, mesial margin with row of 6
times as long as broad, broadest at mid- cristiform tubercles, dorsal surface slightly
length, mesial margin forming gentle arc; punctate, punctations very small; lateral
distal spine strong, reaching base of distal surface of palm and fixed finger of propo-
extremity of antennular peduncle. Ventral dus not costate; ventral surface ofpalm less
surface of ischium of third maxilliped with punctate than dorsal, lacking corneous tu-
evenly spaced rows oftufts oflong, flexible bercles on articular rim opposite base of
setae; submarginal lateral row of seta on dactyl; no subpalmar tubercle. Opposable
podomere small and flexible; distolateral margin offixed fingerofpropodus withrow
angle not acute; mesial margin with row of of 5 tubercles (third from base largest)
teeth alternating large and small, teeth l£irg- along proximal 66% of finger; single row
er distally. of denticles between fourth and fifth tuber-
Length ofleft chela (Fig. II) 78% that of cle, double row of denticles extending dis-
carapace (right chela regenerated); width tally from fifth tubercle. Opposable margin
45.5% oflength; palm length 45.5% ofche- of dactyl with row of 4 tubercles, (first and
la length; dactyl length 1.3 times palm third from base larger than second and
length. Dorsomesial surface of palm lack- fourth) along proximal 75%; single row of
734 PROCEEDINGS OFTHE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASfflNGTON
denticles between third and fourth tubercle, line, with a narrow sinuous fossabeginning
double row of denticles extending distally just behind anterior edge and intersecting
from fourth tubercle. Dorsomedian longi- sinus at posterior margin near midline;
tudinal ridges on both fingers weakly de- tongue extending caudosinistrally in fossa,
veloped, none expressed ventrally. No dor- disappearing beneath thickened caudosin-
solateral impression at base of fixed finger. istral wall; sinus reverse S-shaped and end-
Carpus of cheliped with distinct sinuous ing under caudal wall slightly dextral to
furrow dorsally; dorsomesial and lateral median line. Postannular sclerite oval. First
surfaces smooth; mesial surface with 1 pleopods damaged. —
large spiniform tubercle and 2 additional Morphotypic male. Form II. Differing
small ones; ventral surface lacking tuber- from holotype in following respects: areola
cles. Merus with 2 slightly developed pre- length 35.1% of carapace length and 3.4
marginal dorsal tubercles, ventrolateral row times longer than wide; antennal scale 2.4
of 3 spiniform tubercles, and ventromesal times as long as broad; left chela (right re-
row of 7 spiniform tubercles, decreasing in generated) 75.1% of carapace length; palm
size proximally; podomere otherwise length 44.6% of chela length; palm width
smooth. Ventral ridgeofischiumwith 2 spi- 44.6% ofchela length; opposable margin of
niform tubercles. fixed finger of propodus with 3 tubercles,
Ischium of third pereiopod with simple second from base enlarged; opposable mar-
hook extending proximally over basioischi- gin ofdactyl with 3 tubercles, first and sec-
al articulation, not opposed by tubercles on ond from base larger; merus lacking pre-
basis. Coxa of fourth pereiopod with verti- marginal tubercles dorsally, with ventrolat-
cally disposed caudomesial boss; that of eral row of2 tubercles and ventromesalrow
fifth pereiopod lacking boss, its ventral of8; central projection offirstpleopod (Fig.
membrane bearing oblique rows of small IB, C) non-corn—eous and blunt.
sclerites armed with stiff setae. Color notes. Cambarus (Jugicamba-
First pleopods contiguous at base, reach- rus) jezerinaci, new species, exhibits color
ing coxae of third pereiopods; corneous morphs of red and blue. Red morph indi-
central projection (Fig. lA, D) bent cau- viduals grade from a dark brown abdomen
dally at angle greater than 90°, tapering dis- to a lighter brown cephalothorax suffused
tally, with subapical notch and not extend- with orange anterior to the cervical groove.
ing beyond mesial process; mesial process Chelae primarily orange mottled with
subconical and directed caudolaterally (left brown, having brown bands on the distal
more so); lacking c—audal knob. dorsal carpus and merus areas and around
Allotypicfemale. Ovigerous. Excluding the dactyl/propodusjoint. Knobs, tubercles,
secondary sexual characteristics, differing and chela tips orange, the enlarged tubercle
from holotype in following respects: areola of opposable margin of propodus yellow,
length 36.2% of total length of carapace distal spines of fingers chestnut brown.
and 3.8 times longer than wide; antennal Merus and distal podomeres of walking
scale 2.4 times as long as broad, widest at legs brown with slight blue tint dorsally and
base; right chela 74.7% of carapace length, ventrally, orange bands at articulations, po-
palm width 40.2% of chela length; oppos- domeres proximal to merus brown dorsally
able margin of dactyl with row of 5 tuber- and cream-orange ventrally. Ventral surface
cles (4 left), second tubercle frombase larg- of cephalothorax and abdomen white; ven-
est; merus with ventrolateral row of 3 tu- tral surface ofchela, carpus, and distal mer-
bercles, and ventromesial row of 9. us of first walking legs orange and ventral
Annulus ventralis (Fig. IG) deeply em- telson and uropods brown. Eggs of ovig-
bedded in V-shaped sternum, asymmetrical erous females purple. Blue morph individ-
and having a rounded diamond shaped out- uals concolorous gray-blue dorsally, grad-
.
VOLUME 113, NUMBER 3 735
ing cream to white ventrally; chela tips mi (1.45 km) N of Cave Spring Church,
cream-orange. 4.5 mi (7.24 km) NNE of Tazewell, 13
—
Types. Holotype male Form I, allotype Aug 1984, 36°30'35"N, 83°33'21"W (4c?II,
female, and morphotype male Form II: OS- 8?); 8) OSUMC 3613, Mill Hollow trib.
UMC 3614, OSUMC 3615, and OSUMC Powell River, 4.9 mi (7.89 km) NNE of
3616 respectively; Paratypes: USNM Tazewell, 2.8 mi (4.51 km) NE ofBacchus,
CMNH
291280 and 299. 21 Apr 1986, 36°31'44"N, 83°33'41"W
—
Type locality. Virginia, Lee Co., un- (3(JI, 6? ovig.).
named tributary of Dry Branch, a tribu- Variation.—\Ati\e. variation was seen in
tary of Indian Creek of the Powell River Cambarus (Jugicambarus) jezerinaci, new
drainage, 0.2 miles (0.32 km) east of species. The most noticeable variation was
Chadwell Gap Trail, 1.4 miles (2.25 km) the presence of 1 or 2 spines on the lateral
north of Caylor (36°39'16"N, margin ofthe antennal scale. This character
83°29'55"W). — trait occurred in no discemable geographic
Range and specimens examined. pattern, though it appeared to occur more
Cambarus (J.) jezerinaci, new species, often in—females.
appears to have a very restricted range, Size. The largest specimen examined
confined to small tributaries ofthe Powell was a female with a carapace length (CL)
River in Lee Co., Virginia and Clairborne of 33.8 mm. First form male CL ranged
Co., Tennessee. Eight lots have been ex- from 28.6 to 16.1 mm. For measurements
OSUMC
amined: Virginia: Lee Co., 1) of types see Table 1 —
3610, type locality (see above), 20 Apr Habitat & life history notes. Collec-
1986, 36°39'16"N, 83°29'55"W {\S\, tions have been made in March, April, and
1<?II, 6? ovig.); 2) OSUMC 3608, Hardy August. First form males were observed in
Creek adjacent U. S. Rte 58, just down- April and ovigerous females in April and
stream of Smiley, 5.0 mi (8.05 km) E of March. Eight ovigerous females yielded a
Rose Hill, 20 Apr 1986, 36°41'18"N, linear relationship between carapace length
83°17'08"W (1? ovig.); 3) OSUMC 3612, and egg number of y = —94.1 -I- 6.3x and
trib. Hardy Cr. at culvert on Va. Rt. 790 at r^ = 0.78, with egg number increasing with
intersection of Va. Rt. 658, 3.2 mi (5.15 carapace length. Other attributes of the life
km) E of Caney Hollow, 20 Apr 1986, history of this specie remain unknown.
36°40'39"N, 83°15'28"W {2Sl, 6? ovig.); This species apparently prefers first and
OSUMC
4) 3609, large spring trib. to Har- second order, spring feed streams ofhigher
WNW
dy Cr., 3.7 mi (5.95 km) of Caney altitude and high gradient. It is a secondary
Hollow, 1.1 mi (1.77 km) SE of Smiley, burrower, living under rocks in mid stream
20 Apr 1986, 36°41'05"N, 83°16'13"W and along the st—ream edges.
(1<?I, \6ll, 7?, 19 ovig.); Tennessee: Relationships. Cambarus (Jugicamba-
Clairborne Co., 5) OSUMC 3611, Mill rus)jezerinaci, new species, is most similar
C
Hollow tributary (trib.) Powell River, 3.8 morphologically to (/.) parvoculus
mi (6.12 km) ENE of Bacchus, 10.3 mi Hobbs & Shoup, 1947. It may be a sister
(16.58 km) SE of Middlesboro, 1 Mar species of C (/.) parvoculus and could be
1984, 36°31'17"N, 83°33'30"W (1(?II, derived from populations that crossed the
CMNH
5$); 6) Paratypes: 299 {ISl, ISll, drainage divide from the Cumberland River
USNM
II), and 291280 {\Sl, \6ll, 1?), basin to the upper Tennessee and Powell
Mill Hollow trib. Powell River, 0.75 mi River basins, subsequently becoming iso-
(1.21 km) N of Cave Spring, 4.3 mi (6.92 lated. Cambarus (J.) jezerinaci, new spe-
km) N of Tazewell, 18 Aug 1978, cies, tends to be smaller than C. (J.) par-
OSUMC mm
36°30'56"N, 83°33'15"W; 7) voculus (Male I, carapace length: 21.5
3607, Mill Hollow trib. Powell River, 0.9 vs. 28.5 mm; Male II, carapace length: 21.6
736 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
14.5 29 Kilometers
Fig. 2. Distribution of Cambarus (Jugicambarus) jezerinaci, new species, in Tennessee and Virginia: A,
Powell River; B, Indian Creek; C, Cave Spring; D, Hardy Creek.
mm vs. 25.3 mm; Female, carapace length: distinguishes C (7.) jezerinaci, new spe-
23.2 mm vs. 26.—6 mm respectively). cies, from many members ofJugicambarus
Comparisons. Like all members of the and the thickened rostral margins abruptly
subgenus Jugicambarus, C. (J.) jezerinaci, angled at the cephalic terminus (90°) to
new species, can be distinguished from form an acumen, a generally smaller body
members of other subgenera in Cambarus size, reduced dorsal and ventral ridging of
by the presence of a cristiform row of tu- the chelate fingers, reduced lateral impres-
bercles on the mesial palm of the chela. sion ofthe chela, immovable fingers having
Within the subgenus Jugicambarus, C. (J.) only four enlarged tubercles, a propodus
jezerinaci, new species, differs from all oth- equal in length to the palm length, and an
er species in its unique tuberculation ofthe oval-shaped chela outline also aid in sepa-
opposable margins of the chela fingers. No rating C. (J.)jezerinaci, new species, from
other species has an enlarged second tuber- C. {J parvoculus and other members ofthe
.)
cle on the opposable propodus and enlarged subgenus.
first and third tubercles on the opposable Crayjish associates.-^Cambarus {Cam-
dactyl. The absence of setae on the chela barus) angularis and a species of Camba-
—
VOLUME 113, NUMBER 3 737
—
Table 1. Measurements (mm) of Cambarus {Jugicambarus)jezerinaci, new species.
Character Holotype Allotype Morphotype
Carapace
Height 14.0 16.4 10.2
Width 15.0 17.3 11.4
Length 28.6 33.8 23.2
Areola
Length 10.1 12.2 8.2
Width 2.4 3.2 2.4
Rostrum
Width at eyes 3.1 4.0 3.0
Length 4.2 5.0 3.8
Length to anteriorpostorbital ridges 8.8 9.7 7.2
Distance between postorbital ridges 7.5 8.6 6.0
Chela
Length 22.2 (left) 25.3 (right) 17.4 (left)
Palm length 9.0 9.0 6.8
Width 10.1 10.2 7.8
—
Dactyl length - 12.1 14.4 10.1
Opposable margin ofpropodus length 8.4 10.9 7.7
Depth ofpalm 6.8 6.5 5.2
Abdomen
Length 29.4 37.3 24.6
Width 12.1 16.3 9.5
Firstpleopod
Length 7.2 N/A 5.6
Antennal scale
Length 4.2 5.2 3.8
Width 1.7 2.2 1.6
rus (subgenus Puncticambarus referred to specimens; Adrian LaFavor, Horton H.
as species D (Hobbs 1969)) were collected Hobbs III and two anonymous reviewers
with C. (J.)je—zerinaci, new species. for manuscript review; and the Ohio State
Etymology. It is my belated pleasure to University for assistance with publication
name this species after my dear departed charges.
friend and mentor, Raymond Felix Jezeri-
nac. He was a devoted carcinologist and
Literature Cited
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crayfish distributions and evolution in the ana-Proceedings of the Academy of Natural
northern U.S.A. He always had a wry sense Sciences ofPhiladelphia 29:171-174.
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some might say "he lived for better or barus, to which is added a synonimical list—of
the known species ofCambarus andAstacus
worse, but he's dead for good." Proceedings ofthe American Academy ofArts
and Sciences 20:107-158.
Acknowledgments Hay, W. P. 1902. Observationsonthecrustaceanfauna
of Nickajack Cave, Tennessee and vicinity
I would like to thank Zachary B. Thoma Proceedings ofthe United States National Mu-
and Edward T. Rankin forhelp in collecting seum 25(1292):417-439.
738 PROCEEDINGS OFTHE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Hobbs, H. H., Jr. 1969. On the distribution and phy- barus) angularis, a new crayfish (Decapoda,
logeny ofthe crayfish genus Cambarus, pp93- Cambaridae) from the Tennessee River—basinof
178 in P. C. Holt, R. L. Hoffman, and C. W. northwestern Tennessee and Virginia Jeffer-
Hart, Jr., eds.. The distributional history ofthe soniana 5:55-63.
biota ofthe Southern Appalachians, Part I: In- —, & C. S. Shoup. 1947. Two new crayfishes
vertebrates. Virginian Polytech Institute and (Decapoda, Astacidae)—from the Obey River
State University Blacksburg, Virginia, 295 pp. drainage in Tennessee Journal of the Tennes-
, & R. W. Bouchard. 1994. Cambarus {Cam- see Academy ofScience 22:138-145.