California archaeology

777 Pages·1984·18.644 MB·English

by  Michael J Moratto, David A Fredrickson

Pomod ancienBr i ghecaods tu(mAef.tM eeri ghaanndR idd1e9l7lF2 i:gu r7e;
drawibnyDg o nM eighan; cooftu hrtSeeo suyt hwMeusste um.)
CALIFORNIA
ARCHAEOLOGY
MichaJeM.lo ratto
INFOTEDCe velopmIennct.,
SonoCraal,i fornia
and
CalifoArnciaad eomfyS ciences
SanF ranciCsacloi,f ornia
withc ontribbyu tions
DaviAd. F redricksCohnr istopRhaevre n ClaudNe. W arren
SonoamS taUtneiv ersity DeseIrnttsi toufGt eeo grapUhnyi verosfiN teyv adLaa,Vs e gas
RohnePratrC ka,l ifornia SaacmrentCoa,loi rnfia LasV egasN,e vada
witha f orebwyo rd
FrancAi.sR iddell
1894
ACADEMICP RESISN,C .
HarocurBtr afco ev aniocvhP,u blishers
OrlaSnadDnoi egSoaF nr ancNieswYc oor Lko ndon
ToroMnotnot rSeyadlnT eoyk ySoaP oa ulo
Thed esigonnt hef roncto vewra s adapbtyeL de sleJyu rfar om
petroglyphs photboygG reaoprhgeLidea e R,e searAcshs ociaotfe
theI nstituAtrec hoafe oloofgt yh eU niversoiftC ya ilforniLao,s
Angeleasts, i tlen y-2i7n9t heR enegadCean yoonf t he Caso
RangeB.y p ermissoifoL ne sleJyu raan dG eorgLieae .
OPYRIGHT 1984B,Y ACADEMIC RESS,IN C.
C @ P
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NO PART OF THISP UBLICATIONM AY BE REPRODUCEDO R
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PERMISSIONI N WRITINGF ROM THE PUBLISHER.
ACADEMIPCR ESISN,C .
OrlanFdloo,r 3i2d8a8 7
UnitKeidn gdom Edpiutbiloinsb hye d
ACADEMIPCR ESISN,C <.L ONDOLNT)D .
24/2O8v alR oadL,o ndNWoIn 7DX
Moratot, Michael J.
Californiaar chaeology.
<New worlda rchaeologlcraelc ord)
IncIu desI ndex.
1. Indianso f NorthAm erlca--Callrfnola--Antlquelst.i
2. Callfornla--Antleqsu•i t1l. FredricksonD,a vidA .
<DavidA ll enl 11. Title• 111. Serles.
E78.Cl5M665 1984 979.4101 83-7141
ISBN0 -12-506180-3
ISBN0 -12-506182<-PXa per>
PRINTEDI N THE UNITEDS TATESO F AMERICA
84a s8 6a 1 987654321
NEW WORLD ARCHAEOLOGICRAELC ORD
of
Undetrh eE ditorship
JameBse nneGtrti ffin
Museuomf A nthropology
UniverosfiM tiyc higan
AnnA rboMri,c higan
Published:
MichaJe.Ml o rattwoi,tc ho ntribubtyiD oanvsiA d. F rederickson,
ChristoRpahveeran n,d C laudeW arreCna,l ifoArrncihaa eology
N.
RobeErt.B el(lE d.P)r,e hisotfoO rkyl ahoma
JameLs.P hillainpdJs a meAs. B row(nE dsA.r)c,h aHiucn ters
andG atherienrt sh eA mericMaind west
DanF .M orsaen dP hylAl.iM so rseAr,c haeolooftg hye C entral
MississViaplplie y
LawrenEc.Ae t enI,n diaonfts h eU ppeTre xaCso ast
RonalJd.M aso,nG reaLta keAsr chaeology
DeanR .S nowT,h eA rchaeoloofgN ye wE ngland
JeralMdi laniacnhdC harlesF airbaFnlkosr,iA drac haeology
T. H.
GeorgCe.F risoPrne,h istHournitce orfst heH ighP lains
ToL ynn,
whospea tiecnotn fideinncsep irmeed
tof initshhi wso rk
LisotfF igures
FrontispiePcoem Boi ghdeaandc er.i i
Figu1r e Archaeolroeggiiaocnnasdslu bregoifo ns
California.
Figu2r e Keyt ol ar-gsecmaxxalvmp es . xxx
Figu3r e CountoifCe asl ifo1r89n0i.a ,x xxi
Figu4r e Concordoafrn ecgei aorncahla eosleoqguiecinancl e s
Californixax.x ii
Figur1.e1 Hupwao malne achaicnomgre na la b ians oifn
sand.
4
Figur1e. 2 Geomorpprhoivci onfCc aelsi ifao.r n
8
Figu1r.e3 Rivearnsnd a tulraakloe fCs a lifoA.rD.n ia,
1890.
10
Figur1e. 4 Looknionrgat lho tnhgce h aoifCn ascade
volceasn.o
11
Figur1.e5 Easteecsrna rpmoeftn htSe i eNrervaa idna the
vicionfiL toynPe i naen Mdo unWth itney.
12
Figur1e. 6 Lookinnogrt hawcersottsh Ssea cramVeanltlaoet y
SuttBeurt tes.
14
Figur1e. 7 Vieewa satc ropsasro tft hcee ntCroaalRs atn ges,
climaaxtMi onugn Dti ablo.
15
Figur1e. 8 Vieawc ropsasro tft haen-ciMeanntiL xa kpel atyoa
theer odfeodo thoiftl hlCesa liMcoou ntaMionjsa,v e
Desert.
17
Figur1.e9 LakHeo dgneesa,Er s ncdoidSoa,Dn i ego
County.
18
Figu1r.e1 0 TransaeccrtoCssa sl ifosrnhioaw,iv nagr iaitni ons
relainepdfr ecipitation.
20
Figu1r.e1 1 Califloirnzfioean aensvd e gettaytpioens .
22
Figu1r.e1 2 Pasatn pdr esdeinstt riboufb tiigo-ngsa me animals in
California.
26
Figu2r.e1 Chronoolflo agPtyle e istaoncHdeo nleo cene
glaciaitnNi oorntAshm erica.
32
Figu2r.e2 Ranchola(blraPetliaeesn t ocfeanuen)a .
35
Figu2r.e3 Locatoifpo ons seiabrl(lelPy e istoscietnees).
40
Figu2r.e 4 Artifoaftc htLesa kMea niCxo mplMeoxj,a ve
Desert.
42
Figu2r.e5 Generagleiozlecodrg iocs s-soeft chCteai loinc o
Foothairlealans td h Cea lisciot e area.
43
xv
xvi
LISTO F FIGURES
Figur2.e6 Calicos iHteiexl:cl asv autniiotns in
MastPeir1t .
44
Figur2e. 7 Lithsipce cifmreontmsh Cea liHciols list e.
45
Figu2r.e 8 TheD eMla rS kull.
50
Figur2e. 9 Fosbsoinloe fss aber-tcoafotrt ohRmea dn cLhaoB rea
witpho sstiobomllae r ks.
55
Figu2r.e1 0 SurvPeoyi nSta,nR toas Ias lasnhdo,w idnagt ed
levels.
57
Figu2r.e1 1 Flaaknecd o rteo oolfts h Fea rmington
Complex.
63
Figu2r.e1 2 Artifoafc ptoasu s ltatCeodr e-TTroaodli ftrioomn the
basoifPn l eistLoackCeehn ien a.
67
Figu2r.e1 3 Artifoaf"c LtasWt ies conCsulitnu I"r,b eass oifn
PleistLoackCeehn ien a.
68
Figu2r.e1 4 Artifoaftc ht"esP roto-PChlaosfveri"ost m h bea soifn
PleistLoackCeehn ien a.
69
Figu2r.e1 5 Summaorfay g dee terminfaoptrui toanatsni dv e
confiarrmcehda eomlaotgeirocifaca lll a imed
Pleistocene antiquity.
72
Figur3e.1 LatPel eistaoncedea nrHelo yl ocaernceh aeological
sitienCs a lifaonrnwdie as tNeernv ada.
77
Figur3e. 2 Earplryo jepcotiitnlytep f erso tmh wee stern United
States.
80
Figu3re. 3 Flakeda-rsttioffnraeoc tmth se Wsiitttea noo lnd
shoreolfTi unleaL raek Teu,l aCroeu nty.
82
Figu3re. 4 Flutleadn cepoolianottfeos b sidfiroatmnh Beo rax
Laksei tLea,kC eo unty.
84
Figu3r.e 5 Typiacratli foaft chWtees s tPelrnu vial Lakes
Tradiftriootmnh s eh oreolfai nnecsi ent Lake
Mojave.
94
Figu3re. 6 "LaMkoej aCvuel ture" sopfte hcWeie msetnesr n
PluvLiaakle s Tradition.
95
Figu3r.e7 SaDni eguciotmop onent farrottmhi Cef. Wa .c ts
HarrisS asDnii teegC,oo unty.
98
Figu3re. 8 Imperfaonrddar tielg lreodu nd-stofnreo tmht ea blets
MostsiintL ea,kC eo unty.
100
Figur3e. 9 Percussiosnt-obfnilefa akceedRs a nfcrPhoaomr k
NortShi,At ,eS an DCioeugnot y.
105
Figu3r.e1 0 Concordoafen acraelr yc haeoulnoigitcsa.l
113
Figu4r.e1 BatequLiatgooSosan n, DCioeugnoot nyoe,f m any
lagoaolnostn hgse o uthCearlni fornia
coast.
117
Figu4re. 2 The uniqucea npIotl eoa mnooklf ) Cthhuem aasnhd
Gabrielino.
118
Figur4e. 3 PainCtaevd(e S Ba-n5e0aS6ra) n Btaar bara.
120
xvii
LISTO F FIGURES
Figu4r.e4 Archaeolsoigtoieftcs ha Selo uthCeorna asntd
Valley.
122
Figur4e. 5 Concordoafan rcceh aeoulnoigStiascn,aBt laa r bara
subregion.
125
Figure 4.6T opanCgoam plaerxat citfs.
128
Figur4e. 7 Huntianngfd i shiimnpgl emoefn tStsah neBt aar bara
subregion.
131
Figu4r.e8 HuntiPnegr ioorCd a ll)pbTerlald iptrioojne ctile
points.
138
Figu4r.e9 HuntiPnegr ioorCd a mpbTerlald igrtoiuonnd -stone
arttisf.ac
139
Figu4r.e1 0 LatPee rioorCd h umagsrho usntdo-ne
aratcitfs.
140
Figu4r.e1 1 LatPee risohde llt-ybpeeasd.
143
Figu4r.e1 2 RecornuscttoifCo hnu macsoha svtialll age.
146
Figu4r.e1 3 Archaeolsoigtoiefscs oa ult hwestern
California.
148
Figu4r.e1 4 Coggesdt oness ofurtohmw eCsatleirnf ornia.
150
Figu4r.e1 5 Artiftaycptioscf a lt hLeu iSRsae nyC omplneexa r
PalSaa,n DCioeugnot y.
155
Figu4r.e1 6 Artiftaycptioscf a lCt uhyea maCcoam plex,
representing late opcrceuhpiasttioorni,c Dieguefto
SaDni egCoo unty.
157
Figu4r.e1 7 Concordoafan rcceh aeologSiacna lD iuengiot s,
subregion.
158
Figu4r.e1 8 Bonteu be Owliitvhe llbae-aosdvh eerllla y.
161
Figur5e. 1 TypiCceanlt Vraallll eayn dsacnaadpr ec haeological
site.
169
Figur5e. 2 Vieowft hNei senvainll oafYg uep nue aYru ba
City.
173
Figur5e. 3 Perishable (LYaotkeau rtPtsei)rff iraooctdmth se
southSearnJn o aqVuailnl ey.
175
Figu5r.e4 Artiffarcottmhs Le o dvii cinniotryth,Se arnJn o aquin
Valley.
176
Figu5r.e5 Concordoaftn ecrefm ostr h Dee lctual tural
sequence.
180
Figu5r.e6 Cultusreaqlu einncc eenst Craalli fornia
archaeology.
182
Figu5re. 7 Concordoafcn ecnetC raalli faorrcnhiaae ological
sequences.
184
Figu5r.e 8 ArtiffarcoBtmus e nVai sLtaak seh osriet Keesr,n
County.
187
Figu5r.e 9 House2p,li oto ksionugta htt, h Mee njosuilteett hien
LoBsa nDoasm p rojaerceta .
190
Figu5r.e1 0 Stratiagtrt ahGperh ayy ssoint e.
192
xviii
LISTO F FIGURES
Figure5 .11 SeleccetnetdCr aalli froarndiiao cdaartbeosn.
200
Figure5 .12 Artifoaftc htWesi ndmiPlaltetrfe rrno tmh Dee lta
locality.
202
Figur5e. 13 WindmiPlaltetr(e frno rmerlHyo r"oiEnza"br)ul ryi al
at ttyhpese i te.
204
Figure5 .14 Extendedo-rbiuernitaaaltft oiuoWrni sn dmiller
Pattseirnt es.
205
Figur5e. 15 TheW indmimloluenrnd e atrh Ceo sumnReisv er,
SacramCeonutnot y.
206
Figure5 .16 BerkePlaetytI "e Mrni dHdolrzei onC"o)s,u mnes
District.
208
Figur5e. 17 AugusPtaitnteI"e Lrna Htoer i"z,)oD niablo
District.
212
Figur5e. 18 Ceremornoiuanld hooftu hsHeei lNlo mlaakti
GrindsCtroenReeak n cheGrlieanC,no unty,
1923.
216
Figure6 .1 Aerioabll iqueo fv itehFwer aSnacnBi asyc o
region.
220
Figure6 .2 Ancisehnotr ealnisdne elase voefl st hFer aSnacni sco
Baayr ea.
222
Figure6 .3 Maritneer rnaecaGero rdiant hCee ntCroaals t
region.
224
Figure6 .4 Archaeologoifwc easlt n-tscrieatle s
California.
228
Figure6 .5 EllLiasn disnhge llmsohuonwdi,Nn .Cg .N elson's
1906-1e9x0c8a vations.
230
Figure6 .6 Artiffarcottmhs Ee l lLiasn ding shellmound.
232
Figure6 .7 Exposoufbr uer ied nmeiadWrdi elnlC orwe ek,
MonteCroeuyn ty.
239
Figure6 .8 Ancient dsuanmneid d deSna,nC trau z
County.
244
Figure6 .9 Serrate,a ntsdup bautlubaloran,ate re t iffraocmt st he
Newavrikc inity.
254
Figure6 .10 Poinbtoendae r tifacts from Alameda
County.
255
Figur6e. 11 Projepcotiinaltnesd obtihfeafrcr eotsmh Nee wark
v1cm1ty.
256
Figur6e. 12 Charmstaonnodet sha errt ifactthsNe e fwraormk
v1cm1ty.
257
Figure6 .13 Selercatdeido cdaartbfeorsno t mh e FSraann cBiasyc o
region.
260
Figure6 .14 BerkePlaetyt( eM"rni ddHloero inz"A)l,a meda
DistrSiicgtn:i ficatnytp aeansrtd te imfpaocrta l
chansg.e
262
xix
LISTO F FIGURES
Figu6r.e1 5 Exotsiicx teennttuhar-ryct eiffoaucintndsI ndian
occupastiitaoetPns o iRnety Neast ional
Seashore.
271
Figu6r.e1 6 TheU tiraand iaitnwi eosnct e-ntral
California.
280
Figur7e. 1 Lookisnogutt ohw atrhdKe i ngs-DKievmio dvee r
glacipaetaeokdfts h Sei eNrervaa cdrae st.
287
Figu7re. 2 Archaeolsoigtoiefecs aa sclte -ntral
Califao.r ni
289
Figur7.e3 Murphys RaCnaclhaevrCeioraua,ns t1 y9,06 .
291
Figur7e. 4 TuolumTnaebM loeu ntnaeianJr a moewsnt,
TuolumCnoeu nty.
292
Figur7e. 5 MartPihsa se boifff laackbeeasds aNlotr,tS ha Jnu an
vicinity, Nevada County.
296
Figur7e. 6 Concordoafan rcceh aeoplhoagsiiencts ah lSe i erra
Nevada.
299
Figur7e. 7 Artiffarcomtmos r tucaarvyie nts h cee ntSriaelr ra
Nevada.
306
Figu7re. 8 Humabno neemsb edidnes dp eleo(trdhiepms tone),
from MoCaanviCena,gl avCeoruanst y.
307
Figu7re. 9 Bedrmoocrkt oanrl sa roguet crloipm eosfat to ne
Tc'osIen,d iGarni ndRioncgkS st ate APmaardko,r
County.
310
Figu7r.e1 0 Petrogolnye pxhfso liraegtdri anngni etaHero rseshoe
Benodnt hSet aniRsilvaeurs, Calaveras
County.
315
Figu7r.e1 1 Chowchillaar tPihffarasocBemtu sc haRneasne rvoir,
MadeCroau nty.
318
Figu7r.e1 2 RaymoPnhda asret iffraocBmtu sc haRneaesnr voir,
MadeCroau nty.
319
Figu7r.e1 3 Ground-asrttoinffera ocBmtu sc haRneasne rvoir,
MadeCroau nty.
320
Figu7r.e1 4 MadePrhaa asret citffsra om BucRheasnearnv oir,
MadeCroau nty.
322
Figur8.e1 Archaeolsoigtoiefscs oa ult heastern
California.
341
Figu8r.e2 Pinptooi nftrsot mh Pei nBtaos siint e.
350
Figur8e. 3 Artiffarcottmhs Pe i nBtaos in site.
352
Figu8r.e4 Pinto-Gyaprsatucimtf s.
354
Figur8e. 5 Amargaorsataci tfs.
355
Figur8.e6 Latper ojectile thpMeoo ijnatvse from
IJesert.
357
Figur8e. 7 Archaeolsoigtoieftcs ha selo uthSeirne arnrwdae stern
GreBaats in.
363