California Algebra 2 (MGH Glencoe, 2007)()(O)(1133s)

1133 Pages·2007·66.36 MB·english

by  Berchie Holliday

i s e
nteractive tudent dition
About the Cover
The sculpture There is a centerpiece of the City Center in
downtown Oakland, California. Artist Roslyn Mazzilli says that her
sculptures are inspired by the images and colors of nature. The
sculpture is constructed of aluminum welded and bolted together
in progressions to form spirals and curves. You will study
functions with graphs that are curves in Units 2 and 3.
About the Graphics
Created with Mathematica. Extruded Voderberg polygons
with colored tiles form a spiral. For more information and
for programs to construct such graphics, see:
www.wolfram.com/r/textbook.
Copyright © 2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Except
as permitted under the United States Copyright Act, no part of this publication may be
reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or
retrieval system, without prior permission of the publisher.
Send all inquiries to:
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
8787 Orion Place
Columbus, OH 43240-4027
ISBN: 978-0-07-877856-8
MHID: 0-07-877856-5
Printed in the United States of America.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 043/079 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07
Contents
in Brief

Unit 1 First-Degree Equations and Inequalities
1 Equations and Inequalities
2 Linear Relations and Functions
3 Systems of Equations and Inequalities
4 Matrices
Unit 2 Quadratic, Polynomial, and Radical Equations
and Inequalities
5 Quadratic Functions and Inequalities
6 Polynomial Functions
7 Radical Equations and Inequalities
Unit 3 Advanced Functions and Relations
8 Rational Expressions and Equations
9 Exponential and Logarithmic Relations
10 Conic Sections
Unit 4 Discrete Mathematics
11 Sequences and Series
12 Probability and Statistics
Unit 5 Trigonometry
13 Trigonometric Functions
14 Trigonometric Graphs and Identities
Standards Review
iii
Authors
Berchie Holliday, Ed.D. Gilbert J. Cuevas, Ph.D. Beatrice Luchin
National Mathematics Professor of Mathematics Mathematics Consultant
Consultant Education League City, TX
Silver Spring, MD University of Miami
Miami, FL
John A. Carter, Ph.D. Daniel Marks, Ed.D Roger Day, Ph.D.
Director of Mathematics Professor Emeritus of Mathematics Department
Adlai E. Stevenson High Mathematics Chairperson
School Auburn University at Pontiac Township High
Lincolnshire, IL Montgomery School
Mongomery, AL Pontiac, IL
iv
Ruth M. Casey Linda M. Hayek
Mathematics Teacher Mathematics Teacher
Department Chair Ralston Public Schools
Anderson County High Omaha, NE
School
Lawrenceburg, KY
Contributing Authors
Carol E. Malloy, Ph.D Viken Hovsepian Dinah Zike
Associate Professor Professor of Mathematics Educational Consultant,
University of North Carolina Rio Hondo College Dinah-Might Activities, Inc.
at Chapel Hill Whittier, CA San Antonio, TX
Chapel Hill, NC
Meet the Authors at ca.algebra2.com v
California Teacher Advisory Board
Glencoe wishes to thank the following professionals for their invaluable
feedback during the development of the program. They reviewed the
table of contents, the prototype of the Teacher Wraparound Edition,
and the California Standards Review chapter.
Cheryl L. Avalos William M. Bokesch Patty Brown David J. Chamberlain
Mathematics Consultant Rancho Bernardo High School Teacher Secondary Mathematics
Retired Teacher San Diego, California John Muir Elementary Resource Teacher
Hacienda Heights, California Fresno, California Capistrano Unified School
District
San Juan Capistrano, California
Eppie Chung Lisa Marie Cirrincione
Carol Cronk Ilene Foster
K-6 Teacher Middle School Teacher
Mathematics Program Specialist Teacher Specialist – Mathematics
Modesto City Schools Lincoln Middle School
San Bernardino City Unified Pomona Unified School District
Modesto, California Oceanside, California
School District Pomona, California
San Bernardino, California
Grant A. Fraser, Ph. D. Suzanne Bocskai Freire Beth Holguin Donna M. Kopenski, Ed. D.
Professor of Mathematics Teacher Teacher Mathematics Coordinator K-5
California State University, Kingswood Elementary Graystone Elementary City Heights Educational
Los Angeles Citrus Heights, California San Jose, California Collaborative
Los Angeles, California San Diego, California
vi
Kelly Mack Juvenal Martinez John McGuire Dr. Donald R. Price
6th Grade Teacher Dual Immersion/ESL Instructor Associate Principal Teacher, Adjunct Professor,
Captain Jason Dahl Elementary Aeolian Elementary Pacific Union School Motivational Speaker
San Jose, California Whittier, California Arcata, California Rowland Unified School District
Rowland Heights, California
Kasey St. James Arthur K. Wayman, Ph. D. Beverly Wells Frances Basich Whitney
Mathematics Teacher Professor Emeritus First Grade Teacher Project Director,
Sunny Hills High School California State University, Long Mineral King Elementary School Mathematics K-12
Fullerton, California Beach Visalia, California Santa Cruz County Office of
Long Beach, California Education
Capitola, California
vii
Consultants
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill wishes to thank the following professionals for
their feedback. They were instrumental in providing valuable input
toward the development of this program in these specific areas.
Mathematical Content Graphing Calculator
Bob McCollum Ruth M. Casey
Associate Principal Mathematics Teacher
Curriculum and Instruction Department Chair
Glenbrook South High School Anderson County High School
Glenview, Illinois Lawrenceburg, Kentucky
Jerry Cummins
Differentiated Instruction
Former President
Nancy Frey, Ph.D. National Council of Supervisors of Mathematics
Associate Professor of Literacy Western Springs, Illinois
San Diego State University
San Diego, California Learning Disabilities
Kate Garnett, Ph.D.
English Language Learners
Chairperson, Coordinator Learning Disabilities
Mary Avalos, Ph.D. School of Education
Assistant Chair, Teaching and Learning Department of Special Education
Assistant Research Professor Hunter College, CUNY
University of Miami, School of Education New York, New York
Coral Gables, Florida
Mathematical Fluency
Jana Echevarria, Ph.D.
Professor, College of Education Jason Mutford
California State University, Long Beach Mathematics Instructor
Long Beach, California Coxsackie-Athens Central School District
Coxsackie, New York
Josefina V. Tinajero, Ph.D.
Dean, College of Educatifon
Pre-AP
The University of Texas at El Paso
El Paso, Texas Dixie Ross
AP Calculus Teacher
Gifted and Talented Pflugerville High School
Pflugerville, Texas
Ed Zaccaro
Author
Reading and Vocabulary
Mathematics and science books for gifted children
Bellevue, Iowa Douglas Fisher, Ph.D.
Director of Professional Development and Professor
City Heights Educational Collaborative
San Diego State University
San Diego, California
Lynn T. Havens
Director of Project CRISS
Kalispell School District
Kalispell, Montana
viii
California Reviewers
Each California Reviewer reviewed at least two chapters of
the Student Edition, giving feedback and suggestions for
improving the effectiveness of the mathematics instruction.
Tammera Boehme Susan A. Holtzapple David Robathan
Mathematics Chairperson Mathematics Teacher Teacher
Las Plumas High School Cupertino Middle School Shasta High School
Oroville, California Sunnyvale, California Redding, California
Don Castle Alice M. Keeler Brian Shay
Geometry Teacher Mathematics Teacher Mathematics Chairperson and Teacher
Carter High School Clovis High School Canyon Crest Academy
Rialto, California Clovis, California San Diego, California
Karen D. Cliffe Eric Kimmel Kathryn E. Sinclear
Mathematics Department Chair Department Chair of Mathematics Mathematics Department Chair
Bonita Vista High School Frontier High School Los Banos High School
Chula Vista, California Bakersfield, California Los Banos, California
Barbara R. Donner Jennifer Marple Douglas S. Taylor
Teacher Mathematics Teacher Mathematics Teacher
Chadwick School Monroe High School Taft Union High School
Palos Verdes Peninsula, California North Hills, California Taft, California
Michael R. Erickson Jeff Matthew Martha Tikalsky
Teacher Mathematics & Science Department Mathematics Teacher
Niguel Hills Chairman Sam Lawson Middle School
Laguna Niguel, California Hughson High School Cupertino, California
Hughson, California
Shayne B. Fleming Beatrice Tyk
Mathematics Teacher Jennifer Moening Mathematics Teacher
Alameda Unified School District Mathematics Teacher Sylvan Middle School
Alameda, California Santiago High School Citrus Heights, California
Garden Grove, California
Kris Fondaw Joanne Wainscott
Mathematics Dept. Chair/Teacher Terry Murray Mathematics Department Chairperson
Christian High School Teacher La Jolla High School
El Cajon, California Crystal Middle School La Jolla, California
Suisun City, California
Anna L. Garfinkel Greg Wood
Mathematics Teacher Glenn Quan Mathematics Teacher
Diegueño Middle School Mathematics Teacher Los Banos Junior High School
Encinitas, California Richard Henry Dana Middle School Los Banos, California
San Pedro, California
Marlene Greco David Zylstra
Mathematics Teacher Ryan Rienstra Mathematics Teacher
Rancho Santa Margarita Intermediate Mathematics Teacher Hughson High School
School Northview High School Hughson, California
Rancho Santa Margarita, California Covina, California
John T. Guseman Laurie Riggs
Mathematics Teacher Associate Professor
Mission Hills High School California State Polytechnic University
San Marcos, California Pomona, California
ix
Unit 1
CC HH AAPPTTEERR Equations and Inequalities
11
1-1 Expressions and Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1-2 Properties of Real Numbers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1-3 Solving Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1-4 Solving Absolute Value Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Mid-Chapter Quiz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
1-5 Solving Inequalities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Reading Math: Interval Notation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
1-6 Solving Compound and Absolute Value Inequalities. . . . . . . . . 41
ASSESSMENT
Study Guide and Review. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Practice Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
California Standards Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
Prerequisite Skills
(cid:127) Get Ready for Chapter 1 5
(cid:127) Get Ready for the Next Lesson
10, 17, 26, 31, 39
Reading and Writing Mathematics
(cid:127) Reading Math 40
(cid:127) Vocabulary Link 19, 41, 42
(cid:127) Writing in Math 10, 17, 26, 31,
39, 47
(cid:127) Reading Math Tips 12, 35, 43
California Standards Practice
(cid:127) Multiple Choice 10, 17, 21, 23, 26,
31, 32, 39, 48, 53, 54, 55
H.O.T. Problems
Higher Order Thinking
(cid:127) Challenge 10, 17, 26, 31, 38, 47
(cid:127) Find the Error 25, 47
(cid:127) Open Ended 10, 17, 26, 30, 38, 47
(cid:127) Reasoning 10, 17, 26, 38
x
Rudi Von Briel/PhotoEdit