Calcified Tissues 1975: Proceedings of the XIth European Symposium on Calcified Tissues

491 Pages·1976·25.246 MB·German

by  N. A. Thorn (auth.), S. Pors Nielsen, E. Hjørting-Hansen (eds.)

Editorial Committee
European M embers American Members
B. ENGFELDT, Huddinge, Sweden W. D. ARMSTRONG, Minneapolis, Minn.
H. FLEISCH, Bern, Switzerland R. P. HEANEY, Omaha, Nebr.
R. M. FRANK Strasbourg, France D. B. ScoTT, Bethesda, Md.
B. E. C. NoRDIN and F. G. E. PAUTARD K. M. WILBUR, Durham, N. C.
(Secretaries) Leeds, Great Britain B. A. FRIEDMAN and L. KLEIN
(Secretaries) Cleveland, Ohio
Advisory Editors
R. AMPRINO, Bari, Italy W. P. U. JACKSON, CapeTown, S.Africa
H. J. ARNOTT, Arlington, Tex. K. H. KNESE, Stuttgart, Germany
B. N. BAcHRA, Leiden, Netherlands S. KoBAYASHI, Fujisawa, Japan
C. A. L. BASSETT, New York, N.Y. J. F. LoUTIT, Harwell, Great Britain
G. C. H. BAUER, Lund, Sweden vV. F. NEUMAN, Rochester, N.Y.
L. F. BELANGER, Ottawa, Canada H. NEWESELY, Berlin, Germany
G. BEVELANDER, Carmel, Calif. M. U. NYLEN, Bethesda, Md.
D. CAMERON, Sydney, Australia A. S. PosNER, New York, N.Y.
J. M. P. CLARK, Leeds, Great Britain J. J. PRITCHARD, Belfast, N. Ireland
C. L. CoMAR, Ithaca, N.Y. R. RAY, Chicago, Ill.
D. H. Corr, Vancouver, Canada K. SIMKISS, Reading, Great Britain
H. J. DuLCE, Berlin, Germany M. V. STACK, Bristol, Great Britain
J. ENNEVER, Houston, Tex. L. B. H. TARLO, London,GreatBritain
Y. EmcssoN, Stockholm, Sweden S. V. TovERUD, Chapel Hill, N.C.
N. M. HANCOX, Liverpool, Great Britain D. F. TRAVIS, Silver Spring, Md.
J. G. HELMCKE, Berlin, Germany M. URIST, Los Angeles, Calif.
D. Hwco, Paris, France J.A.WEATHERELL, Leeds, Great Britain
J. T. lRVING, Boston, Mass. G. D. WHEDON, Bethesda, Md.
Calcified
T i s s u e s
Tissues 1975
Proceedings of the Xlth European
Symposium on Calcified Tissues
Edited by S. Pors Nielsen
E. Hj0rting-Hansen
~
SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN HEIDELBERG GMBH
Published simultaneously as a supplement to
CALCIFIED TISSUE RESEARCH and by F ADL Publishing Co.,
Blegdamsvej 84, DK-2100 Copenhagen 0, Denmark
Composition by Sonja S0by
ISBN 978-3-662-27776-8 ISBN 978-3-662-29272-3 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-29272-3
Softcoverreprint ofthe hardcover1st edition 1976
PREFACE
The Xlth European Symposium on Calcified Tissues was held at Hotel
Marienlyst, Elsinore, Denmark, May 25-29,1975. The main topics were:
1. cellular calcium transport, 2. vitamin D, and 3. osteoporosis. Seventy
six of the submitted papers were selected for verbal presentation, and
these papers are the basis of the articles found in this book. We hope that
the book, which also appears as a supplement to CALCIFIED TISSUE
RESEARCH has a form which will be adopted by organizers of future
symposia of this series.
The Organizing Committee wishes to express its gratitude to the Danish
Medical Research Council (Statens Lregevidenskabelige Forskningsrad), to
Tuborgfondet, and to Danish and foreign industry for their generaus
financial support, without which the symposium would not have been
held and without which the proceedings would not have appeared. Also,
we wish to thank our secretarial staff, in particular Mrs. Karin Christensen
for skilled and keen assistance before, during and after the symposium. We
hope that the contents of the book confirm the view that the XI th
European Symposium on Calcified Tissues, having an interdisciplinary
character was important for future research in the field and for the
treatment of patients with metabolic bone disease.
S. Pars Nielsen
E. Hjarting-Hansen
4
Organizing Committee
S. Pors Nielsen, Copenhagen ( chairman)
Th. Friis, Copenhagen
E. Hj0rting-Hansen, Copenhagen
0. Helmer S0rensen, Copenhagen
F. Kuhlencordt, Harnburg
H.J. Duke, Berlin
List of Donators
A/S Alfred Benzon
Ciba-Geigy A/S
Ercopharm A/S, Organon
Gammatee
LEO Pharmaceutical Products
NocoAfS
Novo Industri A/S
Sandoz A/S
G.D. Searle A/S
Statens Lregevidenskabelige Forskningsräd
Tuborgfondet
The Upjohn Company
Exhibitions During the Symposium
AB Atomenergi, Studsvik
Claus Kettel (O rion Research Inc.)
Gammatee
Perkin-Eimer A/S
Sandoz A/S
5
CHAPTERI
Cellular Transport of Calcium
Calcium Transport Processes and their Regulation in Endocrine Cells 11
N.A. Thom
The Interaction of Divalent Cations, Hormones and Cyclic Nucleotides in
the Control of Mitosis ........... , ... , ............................. , 15
A.D. Perris & J .I. Morgan
Control and Regulation of Calcium Romeostasisand Transport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
A.B. Borle & J .H. Anderson
Calcium Binding Protein and Regulation of Calcium Transport . . . • . . . . . . . . . . 27
F. Bronner, Y. Charnott, E.E. Golub & T Freund
Duodenal Calcium-binding-protein (CaBP) in the Sodium Deficient
Growing Rat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
M. Thomasset, P. Cuisinier-Gleizes & H. Mathieu
Transepithelial Calcium Transport Enhanced by Xylose and Glucose
in the Rat J ejunal Ligated Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
D. Pansu, M.C. Chapuy, M. Milani 8c C. Bellaton
Ca Transport of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum During Experimental Uremia . . . . . . . . 53
K.-W. Heimberg, C. Matthews & E. Ritz
CHAPTERII
Structure and Ultrastructure of Bone Cells. Functional Aspects
Morphology of Cell Calcium Homeostasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
W. L. Davis, J .L. Matthews, R. V. Talmage & J. H. Martin
Effects of PTH and some Synthetic Fragments on Embryonie hone in vitro 70
P J. Gaillard, M.P .M. Herrmann-Erlee 8c J.W . Hekkelman
Structural and Ultrastructural Responses of Calcifying Cartilage
to Parathyroid Hormone "in vitro" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 5
E.H. Burger & PJ. Gaillard
A Bone Morphogenetic Polypeptide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
M.R. Urist, H. Nogami 8c A. Mikulski
Effects of Ultimobranchialectomy (UBX) upon the Bone Catabolism and
Anabolism and on some Aspects of the Calcium Metabolism Regulation in
Anguilla anguilla L. , ••••• , . • • • • . • • • • • • . • . • • . • . . • • . • • . • • . • • . . • • • . . • 88
E. Lopez,J. Peignoux-Deville, F. Lallier, E. Martelly-Bagot 8c C. Milet
Number, Size and Arrangement of Osteoblast in Osteons at Different Stages
of Formation ......................................••.. ; . . . . . . . . . 96
G. Marotti, A. Zambonin Zallone 8c M. Ledda
Cytochemical and Ultrastructural Characteristics of Human Osteobiasts
in Relation to General Skeletal Growth Activity ......................... 102
Inger Kja:r 8c M.E. Matthiessen
Ca2+-ATPase in Hard Tissue Forming Cells ....................•......... 108
A. Linde, G. Granström 8c B.C. Magnusson
Nuclear Inclusions in Osteoclasts in Paget's Bone Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
A. Rebel, K. Malkani, M. Basle & Ch. Bregeon
Transmission Electron Microscopy of Ion Erosion Thinned Hard Tissues . • . . . . . 11 7
A. Boyde & J .B. Pawley
6
Rahbit Ear Chamber Bone Cultures, a Novel in vivo System for
Bone Tissue Investigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . 124
E. Sudmann
CHAPTERIII
Physiology and Biochemistry of Vitamin D
The Metabolism and Function of 1a-Hydroxyvitamin D3 . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . • . 128
H.F. DeLuca, S.A. Holick & M.F. Holick
The Regulation of Vitamin D Metabolism .............................. 136
I. Maclntyre, K.W. Colston & I.M.A. Evans
The Effects of Vitamin D Metabolites and their Analogues on the Secretion
of Parathyroid Hormone ............................................ 142
A.D. Care, R.F.L. Bates, D.W. Pickard, M. Peacock, S. Tomlinson, J.L.H.
O'Riordan, E. Barbara Mawer, Carol M. Taylor, H.F. DeLuca & A.W.
Norman
The Effects of Hydroxylated Derivatives of Vitamin D3 and of Extracts of
Solanum Malacoxylon on the Absorption of Calcium, Phosphate and Water
from the J ejunum of Pigs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 7
J. Fox & A.D. Care
Current Concepts of the Chemical Conformation, Metabolism, and Inter
action of the Steroid, Vitamin D, with the Endocrine System for Calcium
Romeostasis •...•..•.....•.....•...............•..••.......•..... 153
A.W. Norman, W.H. Okamura, EJ. Friedlander, Helen L. Henry, R.L.
Johnson, M.N. Mitra, D.A. Proseal & W. Wecksler
Interaction of Parathyroid Hormone an?- 25-hydroxycholecalciferol
on Renal Handling of Phosphate . . . . • . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
A.jelonek
Calcium Deficiency Osteoporosis and the Role of the Parathyroids
for the Adaptation to a Low Calcium Intake ............................ 166
S.-E. Larsson, 0, Ahlgren & R. Lorentzon
Characteristics of the Vitamin D Binding Protein in Different Species . . . . . . . . . 172
R. Bouillon, P. Van Kerkhove & P. De Moor
Maturation of Chick Bone Collagen and Quantification of Its Structural
Crosslinks: Vitamin D Status and Cohesiveness of the Collagen Macro-
molecular Matrix ...... , . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 7
G.L. Mechanic
CHAPTERIV
Vitamin D. Clinical Problems
Parathyroid Function in Chronic Vitamin D Deficiency in Man:
A Model for Comparison with Chronic Renal Failure ...................... 185
S.W. Stanbury & G.A. Lumb
Calcium Metabolism in Patients with Chronic Non-dialytic Renal Disease ...... 202
S. Pors Nielsen, 0. Helmer S0rensen, B. Lund, 0. Bärenholdt, 0. Munck &
K. Pedersen ·
Intestinal Calcium Absorption and Whole-body Calcium Retention
in Various Stages of Renal Insufficiency ................................ 210
E. Werner, H.H. Malluche,J. Mutschera, M. Hodgson & W. Schoeppe
7
Loss of Calcium from Axial and Appendicular Skeleton in Patients
with Chronic Renal Failure .......................................... 216
S.H. Cohn, KJ. Ellis, A.N. Martino, S.N. Asad &J.M. Letteri
Comparative Effects of 1a:-hydroxychole.calciferol in Children and Adults
with Renal Glomerular Osteodystrophy •............................... 221
R.G. Henderson, J.A. Kanis, J.G.G. Ledingham, D.O. Oliver, R.G.G.
Russe!, R. Smith & RJ. Walton
1a:-hydroxycholecalciferol and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol in Renal Bone Disease . 226
A.E. Fournier, PJ. Bordier, J. Gueris, J. Chanard, P. Marie, C. Ferriere, M.
Osario,J. Bedrossian & H.F. DeLuca
The Clinical Use of Synthetic 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol ................ 236
I.M.A. Evans, M. Boulton-Jones, F.H. Doyle, G.F. Joplin, M. Lockwood,
E.W. Matthews & I. Maclntyre
The Value of Bone Density.Measurements in Predicting the Risk
of Developing Avascular Necrosis following Renal Transplantation . . . . . . . . . . . 242
R. Lindsay, S.G. McPherson,J.B. Anderson & D.A. Smith
A Quantitative Analysis of Bone Changes Following Anticonvulsant Therapy . . . 24 7
F. Meisen & L. Mosekilde
Treatment of Anticonvulsant Osteomalacia with Vitamin D 252
C. Christiansen & P. R111dbro
CHAPTER V
Parathyroid Hormone
Effects of Acute and Chronic PTH Stimulation on Osteobiasts
and the Under-lying Bone Matrix . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
B. Krempien, G. Geiger & E. Ritz
An in vivo Experimental Model for the Study of Resistance to the Renal
Action of Parathyroid Hormone in Man . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . 26 7
S. Tomlinson, G.N. Hendy &J.L.H. O'Riordan
Dietary Induction of Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica in the rat:
Roles of Parathyroid Hormone and Calcitonin ........................... 272
I. Clark & H.R. Brashear
Bone Cells and Structure of Cancellous Bone in Primary Hyperparathyroidism
- A Histomorphometric and Electron Microscopic Study .................. 278
G. Delling, R. Ziegler & A. Schulz
Parathyroid Hormone and Phosphaturia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . 284
T. Uchikawa, A.B. Borle & RJ. Midgett
Parathyroid Activity in Hyperthyroidism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . 288
J. Bommer, E. Ritz & E. Gengenbach
CHAPTER VI
Calcitonin
Calcitonin and Blood Calcium Romeostasis during Intestinal Calcium
Absorption in Man . • . . . . . . • . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
G. Coen & B. Palagi
Gastrointestinal Effect of Calcitonin: Inhibition of Gastrin Secretion ......... 299
I. Homum,J. Fahrenkrug &J.F. Rehfeld
8
Immunoreactive Calcitonin in Non-thyroid Tumours ...................... 304
C.J. Hillyard, R.C. Coombes, P.B. Greenberg & I. Maclntyre
Extra-thyroidal Origin of the Heaviest Fractions of Circulating Human
"Calchonin" •••••••.•........••......••....................•...•. 310
B. Argemi
Analogues of Human Calcitonin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . 31 7
R. Maier
Combined Diphosphonate and Calcitonin Therapy for Paget's Disease of Bone 321
DJ. Hosking & O.L.M. Bijvoet
CHAPTER VII
Phosphate and Pyrophosphate
Romeostasis of Inorganic Phosphate: An Introductory Review ......•....... 327
H. Fleisch,J.-P. Bonjour & U. Troehler
Calcium Uptake by Cultured Bone Cells: The Role of Phosphate, Calcitonin
and 1,25-(0H)2D3 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 332
A. Harell, I. Binderman & M. Guez
Effects of a Diphosphonate (disodium etidronate; EHDP) on Phosphate Meta-
bolism in Paget's Disease of Bone, Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Type I
Hopophosphataemic Rickets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
RJ. Walton, R. Smith & R.G.G. Russen
The Role of Matrix Vesicles in Calcification . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344
R. Felix & H. Fleisch
Extrusion of Pyrophosphate into Extracellular Media by Osteoarthrhic
Cartilage lncubates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349
D.S. Howell, 0. Muniz,J.C. Pita &J.E. Enis
CHAPTER VIII
Osteoporosis. Newer Methods for Quantitation
Bone Histomorphometry as Applied to Research on Osteoporosis
and to the Diagnosis of "Hyperosteoidosis States" ........................ 354
P. Meunier, P. Courpron,J.M. Giroux, C. Edouard,J. Bemard & G. Vignon
Vertebral and Total Body Bone Mineral Content by Dual Photon Absorptiometry 361
M. Madsen, W. Peppier & R.B. Mazess
Prospective and Cross-Sectional Study of Radial Bone Loss
in Post-Menopausal Women ......................................... 365
C.C.JohnstonJr., D.M. Smith & M.R.A. Khairi
Quanthation of Bone Mass in Osteoporosis: Recent Advances .•....•........ 370
C.H. Chestnut 111, W.B. Nelp & T.K. Lewellen
Quanthation of the Degree of Osteoporosis by Measure of Total-body
Calcium Employing Neutron Activation ................................ 375
S.H. Cohn, I. Zanzi, A. Waswani, S. Wallach,]. Aloia & K.J. Ellis
Measurement of Skeletal Blood Flow in Normal Manandin Patients
with Paget's Disease of Bone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • • . . 380
R. Wootton,J. Reeve & N. Veall
Skeletal and Lean Body Mass in Alcoholics whh and whhout Cirrhosis • . • . . . • . 386
M.S. Roginsky, I. Zanzi & S.H. Cohn