By Mohamed Farouk Ahmed Mohamed

234 Pages·2013·3.02 MB·English

PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON RESPONSE OF GRAPE
TRANSPLANTS TO MINERAL AND IRRADIATED
ORGANIC FERTILIZERS

By
Mohamed Farouk Ahmed Mohamed

B. Sc. In Agricultural Co-operation Sciences, 1997
High Institute of Agricultural Co-operation
Complementary of B.Sc. Degree in Agriculture Science,
Horticulture-Department, Faculty of Agric.,
Moshtohor, Benha branch, Zagazig University, 1999 / 2000.
M.Sc. (Horticulture), Zagazig University (Benha branch), 2005

Thesis
submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of
Doctor of Philosophy
In
Horticulture (Pomology)

Department of Horticulture
Faculty of Agriculture
Benha University
2013
PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON RESPONSE OF GRAPE
TRANSPLANTS TO MINERAL AND IRRADIATED
ORGANIC FERTILIZERS

By
Mohamed Farouk Ahmed Mohamed

B. Sc. In Agricultural Co-operation Sciences, 1997
High Institute of Agricultural Co-operation
Complementary of B.Sc. Degree in Agriculture Science,
Horticulture-Department, Faculty of Agric.,
Moshtohor, Benha branch, Zagazig University, 1999 / 2000.
M.Sc. (Horticulture), Zagazig University (Benha branch), 2005
Under the Supervision of:
Prof. Dr. MOHAMED M. SHARAF
Prof. of Pomology- Fac. of Agric. Benha Univ.
Prof. Dr. MOHAMED A. KHAMES
Prof. of Pomology- Fac. of Agric. Benha Univ.
Prof. Dr. KHALED A. BAKRY
Prof. of Pomology- Fac. of Agric. Benha Univ.
Prof. Dr. IBRAHEM A. ORABY
Prof. of Plant Physiology-Atomic Energy Authority.
Department of Horticulture
Faculty of Agriculture
Benha University
2013
APPROVAL SHEET

PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON RESPONSE OF GRAPE
TRANSPLANTS TO MINERAL AND IRRADIATED
ORGANIC FERTILIZERS
By
Mohamed Farouk Ahmed Mohamed
This Thesis for Ph. D. Degree has been

Approved by:

Prof. Dr. ……………………………………………..
Prof. Dr. ………………………..……………………
Prof. Dr. ………………………………………………
Prof. Dr. ………………………………………………
Date of Examination : / / 2013
ABSTRACT

This work was conducted during two successive seasons throughout
2008, 2009 and 2010 years under green house conditions. Three
factorial experiments were included the 1st was dealing with
investigating the effect of soil added compost rate (0.0, 5.0, 10.0 and
20.0 %) and gamma irradiated compost dose (0.0, 5.0, 10.0 and 15.0
KGy). Where, two other experiments were devoted for studying the
effect of soil applied compost (irradiated or un-irradiated) from one
hand and the rate of either N (urea/ ammonium sulphate) or K (K SO )
2 4
fertilization rates from the other for 2nd and 3rd experiments,
respectively. Obtained results could be summarized as follows: 1-
Application of compost, in particular irradiated one at 10.0% was the
most promising treatment in the 1st experiment, improved significantly
all growth, leaf chlorophyll, stem total carbohydrates and leaf mineral
composition especially macroelements (N, P and K).
2- All N or K soil applied reflected positively on the above mentioned
measurements of Thompson seedless rooted cuttings with a relative
tendency of variance occurred from one N or K treatment to another.
3- It can be concluded that compost application to coarse-textured soil
improved it and reflected on plants. Irradiating compost with effective
dose (10 KGy) greatly increased compost efficiency which could be
reached the double.

Key words: Gamma Irradiation; Organic; Grape; Nitrogen;
Potassium.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The author wishes to express his sincere appreciation and
gratitude to Prof. Dr. Mohamed M. Sharaf, Professor of
Pomology, Prof. Dr. Mohamed A. Khames, Professor of
Pomology, Prof. Dr. Khaled A.Bakry, Professor of Pomology,
Hort. Dept., Faculty of Agric., Benha Univ. and Prof Dr.
Ibrahem A. Oraby, Professor of plant physiology, Natural
products Dept., NCRRT, Atomic Energy Authority for their
supervision, planning this work, helpful advice, encourgedment,
continuous guidance and valuable suggestions throughout the
course of this work and writing the manuscript.
Sincere thanks, to Dr. Omar I. Saleh, Lecturer of plant
physiology, Natural products Dept., NCRRT, Atomic Energy
Authority, for his, valuable assistance and helpful advice.
Thanks and appreciation to colleagues in Hort. Dept., Fac.
of Agric., Benha Univ.; Hort. Res. Institute Agric. Res. Center;
Natural Products Dept., National Center for Research and
Radiation Technology and both plant Res. Dept. and soil &water
Res. Dept., Nuclear Res. Center, Atomic Energy Authority for
their valuable assistance and the kined co-operation.
Finally, I like to express my deepest gratitude to my family
for their help, encouragement and patience throughout the whole
period of this investigation.

No. CONTENTS Page
1. INTRODUCTION. 1
2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE. 4
3. MATERIAL AND METHODS. 36
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. 45
4.1. Effect of irradiated compost and its rate on

plant growth, physiological and nutritional

status of grape rooted cutting. 45
4.1.1. Plant growth. 45
4.1.2. Leaf pigments and stem total carbohydrates
content. 57
4.1.3. Nutrients content 61
4. 2. Effect of irradiated compost and / or
application of N on vegetative growth,
physiological and nutritional status of grape
rooted cutting. 86
4.2.1. Plant growth. 86
4.2.2. Leaf pigments and stem total carbohydrates
content. 100
4.2.3. Nutrients content. 104
4. 3. Effect of irradiated compost and / or
application of K on vegetative growth,
physiological and nutritional status of grape
rooted cutting. 133
4.3.1. Plant growth. 133
4.3.2. Leaf pigments and stem total carbohydrates
content. 143
4.3.3. Nutrients content. 146
5. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION. 162
6. LITERATURE CITED. 175
ARABIC SUMMARY.
No. LIST OF TABLES Page
a. Physical & chemical soil analysis. 37
b. Physical & chemical compost analysis.
37
1. Table (1): Effect of irradiated compost and its rate
on some growth parameters of grape rooted
cutting during two consecutive seasons (2008
&2009). 46
2. Table (2): Effect of irradiated compost and its rate
on leaves, stem, root and total fresh weight (g. /
plant) of grape rooted cutting during two
consecutive seasons (2008 &2009).
51
3. Table (3): Effect of irradiated compost and its rate
on leaves, stem, root and total dry weight (g. /
plant) of grape rooted cutting during two
consecutive seasons (2008 &2009). 54
4. Table (4): Effect of irradiated compost and its rate
on leaves, stem, root dry/ fresh weight % and
top/root ratio of grape rooted cutting during two
consecutive seasons (2008 &2009). 56
5. Table (5): Effect of irradiated compost and its rate
on leaf pigments content (mg. /g. D. W.) and stem
total carbohydrates % of grape rooted cutting
during two consecutive seasons (2008 &2009). 59
6. Table (6): Effect of irradiated compost and its rate
on blade, petiole, stem and root N % of grape
rooted cutting during two consecutive seasons
(2008 &2009). 63
7. Table (7): Effect of irradiated compost and its rate
on total leaf, stem, root and whole plant N content
(mg. / plant) of grape rooted cutting during two
consecutive seasons (2008 &2009). 64
8. Table (8): Effect of irradiated compost and its rate