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Buyer's Guide Transformer protection IED RET 670 - ABB PDF

48 Pages·2007·3.1 MB·English
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Preview Buyer's Guide Transformer protection IED RET 670 - ABB

Transformer protection IED Buyer's Guide RET 670 Pre-configured 1MRK 504 080-BEN Revision: G Issued: February 2007 Data subject to change without notice Page 1 Features • Four configuration alternatives for single- or - Each step can be inverse or definite time multi-breaker arrangements available – ready to delayed connect - Each step can be directional or non-direc- • For power transformers, autotransformers, shunt tional reactors, T-protection, generator transformer - Each step can be blocked on second har- blocks, phase shifting transformers and small monic component busbar systems • Synchrocheck function for single- or • For two- and three-winding transformers with up multi-breaker arrangements: to six stabilized inputs - Selectable energizing direction • For multi- or single-breaker arrangements - Two functions with built-in voltage selection • Transformer differential protection with: • Selectable additional software functions such as - Percentage bias restraint for through faults breaker failure protection for each breaker, volt- age protection, overexcitation protection, control - Waveform and Second harmonic restraint for and monitoring transformer inrush - Fifth harmonic restraint for overexcitation • Tripping from Buchholtz, temperature devices etc. through binary inputs stabilized against - High sensitivity for interturn faults capacitive discharges • Restricted earth fault protection for all direct or • Built-in data communication modules for station low impedance earthed windings bus IEC 61850-8-1 - Extremely fast operation • Data communication modules for station bus - High sensitivity IEC 60870-5-103, LON and SPA - High and low impedance based • Integrated disturbance and event recorder for up to 40 analog and 96 binary signals • Full scheme phase-to-phase and phase-to-earth distance protection with up to four zones: • Time synchronization over IEC 61850-8-1, LON, SPA, binary input or with optional GPS module - Load encroachment feature • Instantaneous high speed short circuit function • Analog measurements accuracy up to below with low transient overreach 0.5% for power and 0.25% for current and volt- age and with site calibration to optimize total • Directional overcurrent protection with four steps accuracy for each winding • Versatile local human-machine interface - Each step can be inverse or definite time delayed • Extensive self-supervision with internal event recorder - Each step can be directional or non-direc- tional • Six independent groups of complete setting parameters with password protection • Instantaneous high speed earth fault function with low transient overreach • Powerful software PC tool for setting, distur- bance evaluation and configuration • Directional earth fault protection with four stages for each winding • Remote end data communication modules for C37.94 and G.703 Transformer protection IED RET 670 Buyer's Guide Pre-configured 1MRK 504 080-BEN Revision: G, Page 2 Application RET 670 provides fast and selective protection, age and over/under frequency protection functions monitoring and control for two- and three-winding are also available. transformers, autotransformers, generator-trans- former units, phase shifting transformers, special Built-in disturbance and event recorder provides railway transformers and shunt reactors. The trans- valuable data to the user about status and operation former IED is designed to operate correctly over a for post-fault disturbance analysis. wide frequency range in order to accommodate Breaker failure protection for each transformer power system frequency variations during distur- breaker allow high speed back-up tripping of sur- bances and generator start-up and shut-down. rounding breakers. A very fast differential protection function, with The IED can also be provided with a full control automatic CT ratio matching and vector group and interlocking functionality including Synchro- compensation, makes this IED the ideal solution check function to allow integration of the main or even for the most demanding applications. a local back-up control. RET 670 has very low requirements on the main CTs, no interposing CTs are required. It is suitable The advanced logic capability, where user logic is for differential applications with multi-breaker prepared with a graphical tool, allows special arrangements with up to six restraint CT inputs. applications such as automatic opening of discon- The differential protection function is provided nectors in multi-breaker arrangements, closing of with 2nd harmonic and wave-block restraint fea- breaker rings, load transfer logic etc. The graphical tures to avoid tripping for magnetizing inrush, and configuration tool ensures simple and fast testing 5th harmonic restraint to avoid tripping for overex- and commissioning. citation. Serial data communication is via optical connec- The differential function offers a high sensitivity tions to ensure immunity against disturbances. for low-level internal faults. RET 670's unique and innovative sensitive differential protection fea- The wide application flexibility makes this product ture, based on well-known theory of symmetrical an excellent choice for both new installations and components provide best possible coverage for the refurbishment of existing installations. winding internal turn-to-turn faults. Four packages has been defined for following A low impedance restricted earth-fault protection applications: function is available as complimentary sensitive and fast main protection against winding earth • Two winding transformer in single breaker faults. This function includes a directional arrangements (A30) zero-sequence current criterion for additional secu- • Two winding transformer in multi breaker rity. arrangements (B30) Alternatively a high impedance differential func- • Three winding transformer in single breaker tion is available. It can be used as restricted earth arrangements (A40) fault or, as three functions are included, also as dif- • Three winding transformer in multi breaker ferential protection on autotransformers, as differ- ential protection for a tertiary connected reactor, as arrangements (B40) T-differential protection for the transformer feeder in a mesh-corner or ring arrangement, as tertiary The packages are configured and set with basic bus protection etc. functions active to allow direct use. Optional func- tions are not configured but a maximum configura- Tripping from Buchholz and temperature devices tion with all optional functions are available as can be done through the IED where pulsing, template in the graphical configuration tool. An lock-out etc. is performed. The binary inputs are alternative for Autotransformers is also available heavily stabilized against disturbance to prevent as a configuration template. Interface to analogue incorrect operations at e.g. dc system capacitive and binary IO are configurable from the Signal discharges. matrix tool without need of configuration changes. Analogue and tripping IO has been pre-defined for Distance protection functionality for phase to basic use on the, as standard supplied one binary phase and/or phase to earth faults is available as input module and one binary output module. Add back-up protection for faults within the trans- IO as required for your application at ordering. former and in the connected power system. Other signals need to be applied as required for each application. Versatile phase, earth, positive, negative and zero sequence overcurrent functions, which can option- For details on included basic functions, refer to ally be made directional and/or voltage controlled, chapter "Available functions". provide further alternative backup protection. Thermal overload, volts per hertz, over/under volt- The applications are shown in figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 for single resp. multi-breaker arrangement. Transformer protection IED RET 670 Buyer's Guide Pre-configured 1MRK 504 080-BEN Revision: G, Page 3 TRIP BUSBAR 50BF 3I> 51/67 3I> 94/86 CB1 4 TRIP CB1 I->O 4 51N/67N IN> 4 4 87N IdN/I> 87T 3Id/I> 87N IdN/I> 51N/67N IN> 4 4 51/67 3I> 4 94/86 4 TRIP CB2 50BF I->O 3I> 25 59 SC/VC CB2 3U> 2 TRIP BUSBAR 2 27 3U< 2 2 en05000272.vsd Figure 1: A typical protection application for a two winding transformer in single breaker arrangements is shown on the figure. The system earthing principle and connection group will vary which gives different detailed arrangements for each application. Transformer protection IED RET 670 Buyer's Guide Pre-configured 1MRK 504 080-BEN Revision: G, Page 4 TRIP BUSBAR&CB2 TRIP CB1/3 CB1 50BF 51/67 3I> 3I> Σ 50BF 94/86 4 3I> TRIP CB1 I->O 4 51N/67N 94/86 IN> TRIP CB2 4 CB2 I->O 4 87N IdN/I> 87T 3Id/I> 87N IdN/I> 51N/67N IN> 4 4 51/67 3I> 4 94/86 4 TRIP CB3 I->O 50BF 3I> 25 59 SC/VC 3U> CB3 2 TRIP BUSBAR 2 &CB1/2 27 3U< 2 2 en05000273.vsd Figure 2: A typical protection application for a two winding transformer in multi breaker arrangements is shown on the figure. The system earthing principle and connection group will vary which gives different detailed arrangements for each application. Breaker failure function is here provided for each breaker. Transformer protection IED RET 670 Buyer's Guide Pre-configured 1MRK 504 080-BEN Revision: G, Page 5 TRIP BUSBAR 50BF 3I> 51/67 3I> 94/86 4 CB1 TRIP CB1 I->O 4 51N/67N IN> 4 4 87N IdN/I> 87T 3Id/I> 87N IdN/I> TRIP BUSBAR 50BF &CB1/2 3I> 51N/67N IN> 4 3I> 4 4 51/67 4 3I> 4 94/86 94/86 4 I->O TRIP CB3 TRIP CB2 50BF I->O 3I> 25 SC/ 59 VC CB2 3U> 2 59N TRIP BUSBAR 2 UN> &CB1/2/3 27 t2 2 2 3U< 2 2 en05000274.vsd Figure 3: A typical protection application for a three winding transformer in single breaker arrangements is shown on the figure. The system earthing principle and connection group will vary which gives different detailed arrangements for each application. Transformer protection IED RET 670 Buyer's Guide Pre-configured 1MRK 504 080-BEN Revision: G, Page 6 TRIP BUSBAR&CB2/3/4 CB1 50BF TRIP CB1/3/4/X 51/67 3I> 50BF 94/86 3I> Σ 4 3I> TRIP CB1 I->O 4 51N/67N 94/86 IN> TRIP CB2 4 CB2 I->O 4 87N IdN/I> 87T 3Id/I> 87N IdN/I> TRIP BUSBAR 50BF &CB1/2/3 3I> 51N/67N IN> 4 3I> 4 4 51/67 4 3I> 4 94/86 94/86 4 I->O TRIP CB4 TRIP CB3 I->O 50BF 3I> 25 59 SC/VC 3U> CB3 2 59N TRIP BUSBAR 2 UN> &CB1/2/4 2 27 t2 2 3U< 2 2 en05000275.vsd Figure 4: A typical protection application for a three winding transformer in multi breaker arrangements is shown on the figure. The system earthing principle and connection group will vary which gives different detailed arrangements for each application. Breaker failure function is here provided for each breaker. Transformer protection IED RET 670 Buyer's Guide Pre-configured 1MRK 504 080-BEN Revision: G, Page 7 Available functions ANSI Function description Single breaker, Multi breaker, Single breaker, Multi breaker, 2 winding (A30) 2 winding (B30) 3 winding (A40) 3 winding (B40) Basic Option Basic Option Basic Option Basic Option (Qty/ (Qty/ (Qty/ (Qty/ option option option option design) design) design) design) Differential protection 87T Transformer differential protection, two winding (PDIF) 1 - 1 - - - - - 87T Transformer differential protection, three winding (PDIF) - - - - 1 - 1 - 87N Restricted earth fault protection (PDIF) 2 - 2 - 2 1/A01 2 1/A01 87 High impedance differential protection (PDIF) - 3/A02 - 3/A02 - 3/A02 - 3/A02 Distance protection 21 Distance protection zones (PDIS) - 4/B02 - 4/B02 - 4/B02 - 4/B02 21 Phase selection with load enchroachment (PDIS) - 1/B02 - 1/B02 - 1/B02 - 1/B02 Directional impedance (RDIR) - 1/B02 - 1/B02 - 1/B02 - 1/B02 78 Power Swing detection (RPSB) - 1/B02 - 1/B02 - 1/B02 - 1/B02 Current protection 50 Instantaneous phase overcurrent protection (PIOC) 2 - 2 - 3 - 3 - 51/67 Four step phase overcurrent protection (POCM) 2 - 2 - 3 - 3 - 50N Instantaneous residual overcurrent protection (PIOC) 2 - 2 - 3 - 3 - 51N/67 Four step residual overcurrent protection (PEFM) 2 - 2 - 3 - 3 - N 49 Thermal overload protection, two time constants (PTTR) 1 1/C05 1 1/C05 2 1/C05 2 1/C05 50BF Breaker failure protection (RBRF) 2 - 4 - 3 - 6 - 52PD Pole-discordance protection (RPLD) 1 - 2 - 1 - 2 - Voltage protection 27 Two step undervoltage protection (PUVM) 1 1/D01 1 1/D01 1 2/D02 1 2/D02 59 Two step overvoltage protection (POVM) 1 1/D01 1 1/D01 1 2/D02 1 2/D02 59N Two step residual overvoltage protection (POVM) 1 1/D01 1 1/D01 1 2/D02 1 2/D02 24 Overexcitation protection (PVPH) - 1/D03 - 1/D03 - 2/D04 - 2/D04 Frequency protection 81 Underfrequency protection (PTUF) - 6/E01 - 6/E01 - 6/E01 - 6/E01 81 Overfrequency protection (PTOF) - 6/E01 - 6/E01 - 6/E01 - 6/E01 81 Rate-of-change frequency protection (PFRC) - 6/E01 - 6/E01 - 6/E01 - 6/E01 Multipurpose protection General current and voltage protection (GAPC) - 6/F02 - 6/F02 - 6/F02 - 6/F02 Secondary system supervision Current circuit supervision (RDIF) 2 - 3 - 3 - 5 - Fuse failure supervision (RFUF) 3 - 3 - 3 - 3 - Control 25 Synchrocheck and energizing check (RSYN) 1 - 1 2/H01 1 3/H02 1 4/H03 Apparatus control for single bay, - 1/H08 - 1/H08 - 1/H08 - - max 15 apparatuses (2CBs) incl. interlocking (APC15) Apparatus control for up to 6 bays, - - - - - - - 1/H09 max 30 apparatuses incl. interlocking (APC30) Logic 94 Tripping logic (PTRC) 2 - 3 - 5 - 6 - Trip matrix logic (GGIO) 12 - 12 - 12 - 12 - Monitoring Measurements (MMXU) 3/10/3 - 3/10/3 - 3/10/3 - 3/10/3 - Event counter (GGIO) 5 - 5 - 5 - 5 - Transformer protection IED RET 670 Buyer's Guide Pre-configured 1MRK 504 080-BEN Revision: G, Page 8 ANSI Function description Single breaker, Multi breaker, Single breaker, Multi breaker, 2 winding (A30) 2 winding (B30) 3 winding (A40) 3 winding (B40) Basic Option Basic Option Basic Option Basic Option (Qty/ (Qty/ (Qty/ (Qty/ option option option option design) design) design) design) Disturbance report (RDRE) 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - Metering Pulse counter logic (GGIO) 16 - 16 - 16 - 16 - Station communication IEC61850-8-1 Communication 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - LON communication protocol 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - SPA communication protocol 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - IEC60870-5-103 communication protocol 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - Single command, 16 signals 3 - 3 - 3 - 3 - Multiple command and transmit 60/10 - 60/10 - 60/10 - 60/10 - Remote communication Binary signal transfer 4 - 4 - 4 - 4 - 3-winding power trans- former with all three wind- Functionality Differential protection ings connected Transformer differential protection (PDIF, 87T) The RET 670 differential function for two winding and three winding transformers is provided with xx05000052.vsd internal CT ratio matching and vector group com- 3-winding power trans- former with 2 circuit break- pensation, which allows connection directly to star ers and 2 CT-sets on one connected main CTs. Zero sequence current elimi- side nation is made internally in the software. The function can be provided with up to six three phase sets of current inputs. All current inputs are xx05000053.vsd provided with percentage bias restraint features, Autotransformer with 2 cir- making the RET 670 suitable for two- or three cuit breakers and 2 winding transformers in multi-breaker station CT-sets on 2 out of 3 sides arrangements. 2-winding applications 2-winding power trans- former xx05000057.vsd xx05000048.vsd 2-winding power trans- Figure 5: CT group arrangement for differential former with unconnected delta tertiary winding protection and other protections xx05000049.vsd 2-winding power trans- The setting facilities cover for applications of the former with 2 circuit break- ers on one side differential protection to all types of power trans- formers and autotransformers with or without xx05000050.vsd on-load tap-changer as well as for shunt reactor or 2-winding power trans- a local feeder within the station. An adaptive stabi- former with 2 circuit break- ers and 2 CT-sets on both lizing feature is included for heavy through-faults. sides By introducing the tap changer position, the differ- ential protection pick-up can be set to optimum sensitivity covering internal faults with low fault level. xx05000051.vsd Stabilization is included for inrush currents respec- 3-winding applications tively for overexcitation condition. Adaptive stabi- lization is also included for system recovery inrush and CT saturation for external faults. A fast high Transformer protection IED RET 670 Buyer's Guide Pre-configured 1MRK 504 080-BEN Revision: G, Page 9 set unrestrained differential current protection is The distance protection zones can operate, inde- included for very high speed tripping at high inter- pendent of each other, in directional (forward or nal fault currents. reverse) or non-directional mode. Innovative sensitive differential protection feature, Power swing detection (RPSB, 78) based on the theory of symmetrical components, Power swings may occur after disconnection of offers best possible coverage for power trans- heavy loads or trip of big generation plants. former windings turn-to-turn faults. Power swing detection function is used to detect Restricted earth fault power swings and initiate block of selected dis- protection (PDIF, 87N) tance protection zones. Occurrence of earth fault Three low impedance restricted earth fault func- currents during a power swing can block the power tions can be included in RET 670. The function swing detection function to allow fault clearance. can be used on all directly or low impedance earthed windings. The restricted earth fault func- Current protection tion can provide higher sensitivity (down to 5%) and higher speed as it measures individually on each winding and thus do not need harmonics sta- Instantaneous phase overcurrent bilization. protection (PIOC, 50) The instantaneous three phase overcurrent function The low impedance function is a percentage biased has a low transient overreach and short tripping function with an additional zero sequence current time to allow use as a high set short-circuit protec- directional comparison criteria. This gives excel- tion function, with the reach limited to less than lent stability for through faults. The function typical eighty percent of the power transformer at allows use of different CT ratios and magnetizing minimum source impedance. characteristics on the phase and neutral CT cores and mixing with other functions and protection Four step phase overcurrent IED's on the same cores. protection (POCM, 51_67) The four step phase overcurrent function has an inverse or definite time delay independent for each step separately. All IEC and ANSI time delayed characteristics are available together with an optional user defined time characteristic. The function can be set to be directional or non-directional independently for each of the xx05000058.vsd steps. Figure 6: Autotransformer low-impedance REF Instantaneous residual overcurrent protection (PIOC, 50N) High impedance differential protection The single input overcurrent function has a low (PDIF, 87) transient overreach and short tripping times to The high impedance differential protection can be allow use as a high set short circuit protection used when the involved CT cores have same turn function, with the reach limited to less than typical ratio and similar magnetizing characteristic. It uti- eighty percent of the power transformer at mini- lizes an external summation of the phases and neu- mum source impedance. The function can be con- tral current and a series resistor and a voltage figured to measure the residual current from the dependent resistor externally to the relay. three phase current inputs or the current from a separate current input. Distance protection Four step residual overcurrent Distance protection zones (PDIS, 21) protection (PEFM, 51N/67N) The distance protection is a four zone full scheme The four step single input overcurrent function has protection with three fault loops for phase to phase an inverse or definite time delay independent for faults and three fault loops for phase to earth fault each step separately. for each of the independent zones. Individual set- All IEC and ANSI time delayed characteristics are tings for each zone resistive and reactive reach available together with an optional user defined gives flexibility for use as back-up protection for characteristic. transformer connected to overhead lines and cables. The function can be set to be directional, forward, reverse or non-directional independently for each The function has a functionality for load encroach- of the steps. ment which increases the possibility to detect high resistive faults on heavily loaded lines. Transformer protection IED RET 670 Buyer's Guide Pre-configured 1MRK 504 080-BEN Revision: G, Page 10 A second harmonic blocking can be set individu- machines and can cause unwanted operation of ally for each step. zero sequence current functions. The function can be used as main protection for Normally the own breaker is tripped to correct the phase to earth faults. positions. If the situation consists the remote end can be intertripped to clear the unsymmetrical load The function can be configured to measure the situation. residual current from the three phase current inputs or the current from a separate current input. The pole discordance function operates based on information from auxiliary contacts of the circuit Thermal overload protection, two time breaker for the three phases with additional criteria constants (PTTR, 49) from unsymmetrical phase current when required. If the temperature of a power transformer reaches too high values the equipment might be damaged. Voltage protection The insulation within the transformer will have forced ageing. As a consequence of this the risk of internal phase to phase or phase to earth faults will Two step undervoltage increase. High temperature will degrade the qual- protection (PUVM, 27) ity of the transformer oil. Undervoltages can occur in the power system dur- ing faults or abnormal conditions. The function The thermal overload protection estimates the can be used to open circuit breakers to prepare for internal heat content of the transformer (tempera- system restoration at power outages or as ture) continuously. This estimation is made by long-time delayed back-up to primary protection. using a thermal model of the transformer with two time constants, which is based on current measure- The function has two voltage steps, each with ment. inverse or definite time delay. Two warning levels are available. This enables Two step overvoltage actions in the power system to be done before dan- protection (POVM, 59) gerous temperatures are reached. If the tempera- Overvoltages will occur in the power system dur- ture continues to increase to the trip value, the ing abnormal conditions such as sudden power protection initiates trip of the protected trans- loss, tap changer regulating failures, open line former. ends on long lines. Breaker failure protection (RBRF, 50BF) The function can be used as open line end detector, The circuit breaker failure function ensures fast normally then combined with directional reactive back-up tripping of surrounding breakers. The over-power function or as system voltage supervi- breaker failure protection operation can be current sion, normally then giving alarm only or switching based, contact based or adaptive combination in reactors or switch out capacitor banks to control between these two principles. the voltage. A current check with extremely short reset time is The function has two voltage steps, each of them used as a check criteria to achieve a high security with inverse or definite time delayed. against unnecessary operation. The overvoltage function has an extremely high The breaker failure protection can be single- or reset ratio to allow setting close to system service three-phase started to allow use with single phase voltage. tripping applications. For the three-phase version of the breaker failure protection the current criteria Two step residual overvoltage can be set to operate only if two out of four e.g. protection (POVM, 59N) two phases or one phase plus the residual current Residual voltages will occur in the power system starts. This gives a higher security to the back-up during earth faults. trip command. The function can be configured to calculate the The function can be programmed to give a single- residual voltage from the three phase voltage input or three phase re-trip of the own breaker to avoid transformers or from a single phase voltage input unnecessary tripping of surrounding breakers at an transformer fed from an open delta or neutral point incorrect starting due to mistakes during testing. voltage transformer. The function has two voltage steps, each with Pole discordance protection (RPLD, 52PD) inverse or definite time delayed. Single pole operated circuit breakers can due to electrical or mechanical failures end up with the Overexcitation protection (PVPH, 24) different poles in different positions (close-open). When the laminated core of a power transformer is This can cause negative and zero sequence cur- subjected to a magnetic flux density beyond its rents which gives thermal stress on rotating design limits, stray flux will flow into non-lami- nated components not designed to carry flux and

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