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Bush's Wars PDF

311 Pages·2011·3.1 MB·English
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Bush’s Wars This page intentionally left blank Bush’s Wars . TERRY H ANDERSON Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further Oxford University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education. Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offi ces in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Th ailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright © 2011 by Terry H. Anderson Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016 www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Anderson, Terry H. Bush’s wars / Terry H. Anderson. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-19-974752-8 (hardback : acid-free paper) 1. United States—Foreign rela- tions—2001–2009. 2. United States—Foreign relations—2009–3. War on Terrorism, 2001–2009— Causes. 4. War on Terrorism, 2001–2009—Infl uence. 5. Afghan War, 2001—Causes. 6. Afghan War, 2001—Infl uence. 7. Iraq War, 2003—Causes. 8. Iraq War, 2003—Infl uence. I. Title. E902.A5745 2011 973.931—dc22 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper To veterans of the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, and to my veteran, Rose This page intentionally left blank Contents Preface , i x Acknowledgments, xv Introduction East: The Improbable Country and the Graveyard of Empires, 3 Introduction West: The United States, Saddam, and al Qaeda, 1970s–2000, 19 1. Bush, bin Laden, and the Pinnacle of World Sympathy , 55 2. Rush to War , 9 3 3. Operation Iraqi Freedom, 13 1 4. Bush’s War , 1 69 Epilogue: Obama , 215 Concluding Remarks and Legacies, 227 Notes , 2 41 Bibliography, 257 Index , 2 67 This page intentionally left blank Preface “You can’t possibly fi gure out the history of the Bush presidency—until I’m dead.” —George W. Bush to his biographer Robert Draper, December 12, 2006 O n September 11, 2001, nineteen terrorists commandeered four passenger airplanes, slammed into the World Trade Cen- ter and Pentagon, killing over 2,700, and changed the future of the United States. Shortly aft er those attacks, President George W. Bush turned to his political adviser Karl Rove and said, “I am here for a reason, and this is how we’re going to be judged.” During the next 20 months the president declared his “War on Terror,” ordered the attack on Afghanistan, and invaded Iraq. Bush’s Wars examines the administration’s approach toward terrorism, Afghanistan, and especially Iraq—the most signifi - cant event of the fi rst decade of the third millennium. “Bush misled the nation into an unnecessary war,” stated one of my Democratic colleagues as civil war raged in that country in 2006. “No,” a Republican friend stated, “Iraq was noble intentions gone wrong.” Th e conversation refl ects the two basic interpretations of how and why the United States

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From journalistic accounts like Fiasco and Imperial Life in the Emerald City to insider memoirs like Jawbreaker and Three Cups of Tea , the books about America's wars in Iraq and Afghanistan could fill a library. But each explores a narrow slice of a whole: two wars launched by a single president as
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