Burnout, Fatigue, Exhaustion: An Interdisciplinary Perspective on a Modern Affliction PDF
Preview Burnout, Fatigue, Exhaustion: An Interdisciplinary Perspective on a Modern Affliction
Burnout, Fatigue, Exhaustion Sighard Neckel (cid:129) Anna Katharina Schaffner (cid:129) Greta Wagner Editors Burnout, Fatigue, Exhaustion An Interdisciplinary Perspectives fl on a Modern Af iction Editors SighardNeckel AnnaKatharinaSchaffner InstituteofSociology SchoolofEuropeanCultureandLanguages UniversityofHamburg UniversityofKent Hamburg,Germany Canterbury,UnitedKingdom GretaWagner InstituteofSociology GoetheUniversityFrankfurt Frankfurt,Germany ISBN978-3-319-52886-1 ISBN978-3-319-52887-8(eBook) DOI10.1007/978-3-319-52887-8 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2017937049 ©TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s)2017 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsaresolelyandexclusivelylicensedbythePublisher,whether thewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseof illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similarordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublica- tiondoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromthe relevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthis book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authorsortheeditorsgiveawarranty,expressorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedherein orforanyerrorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremainsneutralwithregardto jurisdictionalclaimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations. CoverdesignbyTomHowey Printedonacid-freepaper ThisPalgraveMacmillanimprintispublishedbySpringerNature TheregisteredcompanyisSpringerInternationalPublishingAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland Contents 1 Introduction 1 ff Sighard Neckel, Anna Katharina Scha ner and Greta Wagner Part I Cultural-Historical Perspectives 2 Pre-Modern Exhaustion: On Melancholia and Acedia 27 ff Anna Katharina Scha ner 3 Neurasthenia and Managerial Disease in Germany and America: Transnational Ties and National Characteristics – in the Field of Exhaustion 1880 1960 51 Patrick Kury Part II Exhaustion Syndromes fi 4 Exhaustion Syndromes: Concepts and De nitions 77 Johanna M. Doerr and Urs M. Nater 5 Burnout: A Short Socio-Cultural History 105 Wilmar B. Schaufeli v vi Contents 6 Burnout: From Work-Related Stress to a Cover-Up Diagnosis 129 Linda V. Heinemann and Torsten Heinemann Part III Exhaustion and Self-Realisation 7 What We Talk About When We Talk About Mental Health: Towards an Anthropology of Adversity in Individualistic Society 153 Alain Ehrenberg 8 Self-Realisation Through Work and Its Failure 173 Elin Thunman and Marcus Persson 9 Exhaustion and Euphoria: Self-Medication with Amphetamines 195 Greta Wagner Part IV Exhaustion Discourses 10 Rechargeable Man in a Hamster Wheel World: Contours of a Trendsetting Illness 217 Ulrich Bröckling 11 Literary Exhaustion 237 Michael Greaney Part V Exhaustion and the Social 12 Social Agony and Agonising Social Constructions 259 Iain Wilkinson 13 Exhaustion as a Sign of the Present 283 Sighard Neckel and Greta Wagner Contents vii 14 Conclusion 305 ff Sighard Neckel, Anna Katharina Scha ner and Greta Wagner Index 311 List of Tables Table 4.1 Fatigue Syndromes 81 ix 1 Introduction Sighard Neckel, Anna Katharina Schaffner and Greta Wagner – Ourage,itseems,istheageofexhaustion.Theprevalenceofexhaustion both as an individual experience and as a broader socio-cultural – phenomenon is manifest in the epidemic rise of burnout, depression, and chronic fatigue. It is equally present in a growing disenchantment with capitalism in its current neo-liberal form, in concerns about the psycho-social repercussions of ever-faster information and communica- tion technologies, in a general distrust in grand narratives, and in anxieties aboutecological sustainability. S. Neckel (*) University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany e-mail: [email protected] A.K. Schaffner University of Kent, Canterbury, UK e-mail: a.k.schaff[email protected] G. Wagner Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany e-mail: [email protected] © The Author(s) 2017 1 S. Neckel et al. (eds.), Burnout, Fatigue, Exhaustion, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-52887-8_1 2 S.Neckeletal. As the precise organic causes of chronic exhaustion are still being fi debated, exhaustion theories entail by de nition assumptions about the relationshipbetweenmindandbody,andbetweentheenvironmentand society, and are often ideologically charged. Moreover, exhaustion the- fi ories frequently function as discursive spaces in which speci c cultural discontentsarearticulated.Theythereforepresenthighlyinstructivecase ff studiesforaninvestigationofthewaysinwhichindividualsu eringand wider social dynamics are inter-related. Toacertainextent,socialproblemsandwidercultural-historicaldevel- fi opments tend to be mirrored by the rise and fall of speci c medical symptoms and so-called fashionable diseases. It is thus not an entirely newphenomenonthatcurrentexhaustionsyndromesprovidetheoccasion fl forsocialself-re ectiononthepathologiesofmoderneconomicandsocial life. It is nevertheless striking that what many consider a predominantly mentalconditionhasbecomethesymbolofoursocialcondition.Whilein thepastheartattack,circulatorycollapse,ortheproliferationofmalignant cells served as symbols of social crises, currently exhaustion syndromes seemtohavefewrivalswhenitcomestothepublicanamnesisofundesir- able economic and social developments. A diagnostic commonality has ‘ ’ evolved in public discourse which starts with the exhausted self of the self-responsible subject,1 proceeds to examine symptoms of exhaustion in thestatusstruggle ofthemiddle classes,2 and finally arrives atthefinding thatexpansionistconceptionsofgrowthhavebecomeexhausted,3andthus ata critiqueofthe ideological scriptthat demandsthe continuousexpan- sionofmoney,labour,andcommodities. Theconceptofexhaustion,itseems,canserveequallywelltodescribe such diverse phenomena as subjective predicaments and social ills. 1Alain Ehrenberg, The Weariness of the Self: Diagnosing the History of Depression in the Contemporary Age, trans. David Homel et al. (Montreal: McGill-Queens’s University Press, 2010a). 2SeeSteffenMau,Inequality,MarketizationandtheMajorityClass:WhyDidtheEuropeanMiddle ClassesAcceptNeo-Liberalism?(NewYork:PalgravePivot,2015). 3MeinhardMiegel,StefanieWahl,andMartinSchultewiththecollaborationofEliasButzmann, Altering Attitudes: From a Culture of Consumerism to a Culture of Prosperity (Bonn: Denkwerk Zukunft–StiftungkulturelleErneuerung,2011).
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