THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE BULLETIN OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE THE JOHNS HOPKINS INSTITUTE OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE Founded by Henry E. Sigerist Editors Gert H. Brieger Jerome J. Bylebyl Assistant Editor Susan L. Abrams Cc^’ Editor Miriam L. Kleiger Adtisor}' Editorial Board Darrel W. Amundsen Robert P. Hudson Edward C. Atwater Saul Jarcho Saul Benison Genevieve Miller John B. Blake John Norris John C. Burnham Guenter B. Risse James H. Cassedy Charles E. Rosenberg Luke E. Demaitre Barbara G. Rosenkrantz Toby Gelkind Todd L. Savitt Gerald N. Grob Wesley D. Smith VOLUME 65 BALTIMORE THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY PRESS 1991 *( © Copyright 1991 by The Johns Hopkins University Press TABLE OF CONTENTS The Geography and Mortality of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic K. DAVID PATTERSON and GERALD F. PYLE 4 Indigenismo and Rural Medicine in Peru: The Indian Sanitary Brigade and Manuel Nunez Butron MARCOS CUETO 22 The Public Health Ser\4ce’s Office of Industrial Hygiene and the Transformation of Industrial Medicine CHRISTOPHER SELLERS 42 The Decline of Homeopathy—The University of Iowa, 1876-1919 STOW PERSONS 74 The Fielding H. Garrison Lecture: Classics and Character: Medicine and Gentility GERT H. BRIEGER 88 The Shakers and Their Proprietary Medicines J. WORTH ESTES 162 “A Disease sui generis"-. The Origins of Sickle Cell Anemia and the Emergence of Modern Clinical Research, 1904-1924 KEITH WAILOO 185 A Profile of the Medical Profession in Scotland in the Early Twentieth Century: The Medical Director}' As a Historical Source MARGUERITE W. DUPREE and M. ANNE CROWTHER 209 The Fielding H. Garrison Lecture: Walter B. Cannon and the Politics of Medical Science, 1920-1940 SAUL BENISON 234 Remembering Paris: Memory and the American Disciples of French Medicine in the Nineteenth Century JOHN HARLEY WARNER 301 Daniel Drake and the Insanity Plea STANLEY L. BLOCK 326 Looking Backward: The 1871 Reforms at Harv'ard Medical School Reconsidered THOMAS S. HUDDLE 340 Micropuncture and the Mechanistic Kidney; A New Look at a Classic Experiment STEVEN J. PEITZMAN 366 The Role of Records and of Record-Keeping in the Development of the Modern Hospital in London, England, and Ontario, Canada, c. 1890-c. 1940 BARBARA L. CRAIG 376 American Association for the History of Medicine: Report of the Sixty-fourth Annual Meeting J. WORTH ESTES 398 The Provident Hospital Project: An Experiment in Race Relations and Medical Education VANESSA NORTHINGTON GAMBLE 457 The New York Maternal Mortality Study: A Conflict of Professionalization CHARLES R. KING 476 “A sort of felo-de-se"-. Eclecticism, Related Medical Sects, and Their Decline in Victorian Ontario J. T. H. CONNOR 503 The Development of Pasteur’s Concept of Disease Causation and the Emergence of Specific Causes in Nineteenth-Century Medicine K CODELL CARTER 528 Criminal Punishment for the Transmission of Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Lessons from Syphilis GREGG S. MEYER 549 American Association for the History of Medicine; Report of the Comminee on Ethical Codes KENNETH F, KIPLE (CHAIR) 565 Texts and Documents The Earliest Known Account of Semmelweis’s Initiation of Disinfeaion at Vienna’s Allgemeines Krankenhaus K CODELL CARTER AND GEORGE S. TATE 252 Preface v Editorials 1, 161 Medico-Historical News and Activities Announcements no, 258, 409, 571 Essay Reviews Medicine in Nazi Germany ar^d Its Aftermath PAUL WEINDUNG 416 Oral History as Social History RICKEY HENDRICKS 575 Book Reviews 117, 264, 420, 581 Contributors to this Volume 159, 300, 455, 6l6 Subject Index—Volume 65 617