Building Ukraine from Within: A Sociological, Institutional, and Economic Analysis of a Nation-State in the Making

498 Pages·2018·2.96 MB·English

by  Anton Oleinik

This monograph examines developments in post-EuroMaidan Ukraine to inquire into the SPPS
Edited by
likelihood of a shift from externally to internally driven development. It focuses on possible 177
SPPS Andreas Umland
sources of domestic social, institutional, and economic growth that can complement and
possibly substitute for foreign aid. The monograph emphasizes the potential of post-2013 Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society Vol. 177
volunteerism in the mobilization of resources and the formation of a new generation of O
leaders and civil activists, and indicates how a national market can cease Ukraine’s eco- le
in
nomic dependence on Russia. ik
The book demonstrates that Ukraine is currently going through a revolutionary period B
aimed at changing the path of its historical development. It is yet to be seen if the surge in u
volunteerism and bottom-up civic initiatives after the Revolution of Dignity will lead to the ildin
emergence of a viable socio-political system. g U
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This work is a tour de force that will prove highly stimulating to scholars who study Ukraine in
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bution to nation-building. In speculating about Ukraine’s future, Oleinik wisely allows for W
various scenarios. At the same time, he provides the reader with the possibility of positive ith
outcomes. Above all, the work is thought-provoking.” in
Peter H. Solomon, Jr., Professor of Political Science, Law and Criminology, University of Toronto
“The study of Ukraine in the aftermath of the 2013-2014 events is suffering from conges-
tion because of the narrow, repetitive bandwidth of issues considered. This work is refresh-
ing because it zeroes in on endogenous factors that resulted in a tectonic movement of
societal plates that in the fi nal analysis is the lasting contribution of the heroic mobilization
of civil society. Oleinik is a welcomed new voice.”
Bohdan Krawchenko, Professor the Institute of Public Administration and Local Governance
at the Council of Ministers of Ukraine
The author:
Anton Oleinik, Ph. D. (EHESS), Dr. sc. econ. (CEMI) is Professor of Sociology at Memorial
University of Newfoundland, and Senior Fellow at the Central Economics and Mathemat-
Anton Oleinik
ics Institute at Moscow. He is the author of, among other books, the following titles with
Routledge: The Invisible Hand of Power: An Economic Theory of Gatekeeping (2015),
Knowledge and Networking: On Communication in the Social Sciences (2016, fi rst pub-
lished in 2014); Market as a Weapon: The Socio-Economic Machinery of Dominance in
Russia (2017, fi rst published in 2011), and Organized Crime, Prison and Post-Soviet So- Building Ukraine
cieties (2017, fi rst published in 2003). His articles appeared in several journals, such as
Quality & Quantity, Educational Research Review, Science in Context, Journal of Eco-
nomic Issues, Europe-Asia Studies, Post-Communist Economies, Comparative Sociology,
from Within
and Crime, Law and Social Change.
A Sociological, Institutional, and Economic Analysis
ISBN: 978-3-8382-1150-3 of a Nation-State in the Making
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Anton Oleinik

BUILDING UKRAINE
FROM WITHIN
A Sociological, Institutional, and Economic
Analysis of a Nation-State in the Making

ibidem- Verlag
Stuttgart
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Cover picture: “Tryzub”, series “United Colors of Ukraine”.
© copyright by Andriy Yermolenko.
ISSN: 1614-3515
ISBN-13: 978-3-8382-7150-7
© ibidem-Verlag / ibidem Press
Stuttgart, Germany 2018
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Table of Contents
List of Figures .............................................................................. 9 
List of Tables ............................................................................. 13 
List of Images ............................................................................ 17 
Acknowledgments .................................................................... 19 
Introduction
‘Looking East, looking West and looking inside’ .............. 21 
From an outside to inside focus .................................... 21 
I.   A known unknown ......................................................... 24 
II.  Which case? ...................................................................... 28 
III.  Is it all geopolitics? .......................................................... 35 
IV.  Towards Ukraine’s internally driven development? ... 39 
V.  What the Ukrainian case can teach the West? ............ 47 
VI.  Organisation of the book ................................................ 48 
Chapter 1 ‘Lessons of history:
At the crossroads between various paths’ ............................ 57 
Introduction: a place between two borderlands ........ 57 
I.   Longue durée and courte durée .................................... 61 
II.  Myths of the nation-state in the making ...................... 76 
Conclusions .................................................................... 103 
Chapter 2 ‘Value of freedom:
The case of the post-Soviet Ukraine’ .................................. 107 
Introduction ................................................................... 107 
I.   Freedom: instrumental and terminal values ............ 111 
II.  Qualitative and quantitative approaches to
assessing the value of freedom .................................... 118 
5
III.  Sources of information.................................................. 120 
IV.  Unexplained components of freedom ........................ 125 
Conclusion ...................................................................... 134 
Chapter 3 ‘Mass protests in 2013–2014:
The Revolution of Dignity or EuroMaidan?’ .................... 139 
Introduction ................................................................... 139 
I.   Repertoires of collective action:
Between singularity and modularity .......................... 141 
II.  Case study of Maidan in 2013 ...................................... 151 
III.  Sources of information.................................................. 154 
IV.  Analysis .......................................................................... 157 
Conclusion ...................................................................... 172 
Appendix ........................................................................ 174 
Chapter 4 ‘Images of the protests: A comparative
analysis of the Ukrainian and Russian protesters’........... 179 
Introduction ................................................................... 179 
I. Sources of the data on mass protests: an overview ... 183 
II. Sociological profile of protesters
in Moscow and Kyiv ..................................................... 197 
III. Internal dynamics of the Ukrainian protests ............ 205 
IV. Visual records compared with the other sources
of data on mass protests ............................................... 210 
Conclusion ...................................................................... 212 
Appendix ........................................................................ 215 
Chapter 5 ‘Undeclared war: Invisible and
visible forms of Russia’s domination’ ................................ 223 
Introduction ................................................................... 223 
I.   Techniques of power: from force to domination
by virtue of a constellation of interests ...................... 224 
6
II.  Markets versus empires ................................................ 227 
III.  Market-based empires .................................................. 234 
IV.  The 2014 Ukrainian crisis through the lens
of the power triad .......................................................... 236 
Conclusions: The price of comfort and opulence .... 247 
Chapter 6 ‘Transition impossible?
Ukraine between violence and power’ ............................... 251 
Introduction ................................................................... 251 
II.  Conflicting discourses on power ................................. 253 
III.  Ukraine as a case in point ............................................. 260 
IV.  Path-dependence and changes
in the perception of power ........................................... 265 
Conclusions .................................................................... 276 
Chapter 7 ‘Honour and human rights:
A comparative study of Ukraine and Russia’ ................... 279 
Introduction ................................................................... 279 
I.   Human rights and honour in the context of dignity .. 282 
II.  Research design and sources of data .......................... 290 
III.  Discussion: between honour and human rights ...... 294 
Conclusion ...................................................................... 312 
Chapter 8 ‘Ukrainian economic
thought at the crossroads’ ..................................................... 315 
Introduction ................................................................... 315 
I. From an outside to inside focus
in economic sciences ..................................................... 315 
II. Current state of economic sciences in Ukraine ........ 320 
III. Need for Ukrainian economists’
greater contribution to nation-state building ............ 329 
Conclusions .................................................................... 333 
7
Chapter 9 ‘The national market in the making’ ................ 335 
Introduction ................................................................... 335 
I. Externally driven economy .......................................... 338 
II. The national market: a survival kit or an engine
of development? ............................................................ 346 
III.  Case of the timber industry: tensions between
open economy and the national market .................... 355 
Conclusion ...................................................................... 361 
Chapter 10 ‘Volunteers: Actors of internal growth’ ......... 363 
Introduction ................................................................... 363 
I. Types and functions of volunteerism ......................... 367 
II. Data and methods ......................................................... 380 
III. Portrait of Ukraine’s volunteers .................................. 383 
IV. Social innovations made by Ukrainian volunteers .. 399 
Conclusion ...................................................................... 405 
Annex A .......................................................................... 407 
Annex B........................................................................... 410 
Conclusion ‘Guiding or helping hand?
On the role of foreign assistance’ ........................................ 413 
I. On an emerging concept of the Ukrainian nation .... 414 
II. On the role of foreign assistance and aid ................... 424 
References ................................................................................ 443 
Index.......................................................................................... 475 

8
List of Figures
Figure 0.1 ‘Frequencies of references to Ukraine in the
titles of scholarly publications and newspaper
articles indexed in the Web of Science, LexisNexis
and eLibrary correspondingly, 1991–2016’ ........................... 26 
Figure 0.2 ‘Frequencies of references to the
“Russian world” in scholarly publications and newspaper
articles indexed in the Web of Science, eLibrary and
LexisNexis, 2000–2016’ ............................................................ 34 
Figure 0.3 ‘Relative frequencies of mentions of the key correlates
of power in the yearly addresses of
the Presidents of Ukraine and Russia, 2000–2016,
per 100 words’ .......................................................................... 43 
Figure 0.4 ‘Relative frequencies of mentions of eight categories
relevant to the discussion of externally versus externally
driven development in the
yearly addresses of the Presidents of Ukraine and
Russia, 2000–2016, per 100 words’ ......................................... 45 
Figure 1.1 ‘Distribution of significant events in
Ukraine’s history mentioned in selected scholarly
sources and in the 2012 tourist guide by century,
% of the total’ ............................................................................ 62 
Figure 1.2 ‘Two-dimensional map of the coding
co-occurrences in the historical documents
cited in Chapter 1’ .................................................................... 80 
Figure 2.1 ‘Which direction of integration
shall be chosen for Ukraine? 2011–2017’ ............................. 109 
Figure 2.2 ‘Dynamics of the indexes
of freedom, 1981–2007’ .......................................................... 132 
9