BSTJ 50: 7. September 1971: TH-3 Microwave Radio System: Microwave Generator . (Bedell, H.R.; Judkins, R.W.; Lahlum, R.L.)

8.9 MB·English

TH-3 Microwave Radio System:

Microwave Generator

By H.R. BEDELL, R. W. JUDKINS, and R. L. LAHCOM
deauesil astved Mone 3 107

The THY wionseave genertor suppin tn! mslotn poser forthe
mote an the PHC vada rover aud teavamster, The desig
seri Se thie paper prance 4 yvahe iesroise sure of micreace
power 05 tle, Desig emeideratine ert geshrmanredaa we jennie,

The microwave geernior serene ax a Toslte, Frequency stabic
sovnee of bec! ovellstar power Zor nee it he rsirwoneve tenemilete
Chul wecvets of the PR=8 ester? Teepe Tl heats of output
Dower, and esa be ez! ts supply ny ne of chery diesen
eqnoocioa in the BSZEZ- co ORHS-AITe Hreyrewey range

Auetsale cryst-eotralle estar operates at trequension be.
‘ween 122A and 13LG7S Mlle, Lie cers (easier Trecueney
lulose are nsed co mulply che osellato: frequency vo 1UUU MITT?
‘The deubler eeutswslize the eollomnrtoshaae waraotny sopavitones
of the trmsistor ta erhanee the frequeney deubliog ‘Thi results in
Frequency uly en power gxip simsltanenisy. A varactor doce
extuple alipiersreul follows thelist Lransior doubler lo pr
‘duce the eequited 6-GEe nip per

‘The microrave generator wos designed so mitt the oeetives ited
below ever the toma statin air-condition emperntaee range of

SEH glam manfred by sh Wena Pie Company fr Rl
"Tint reper (84 264 sf, 106 gw CY MIE ace wel wo dette ay foe
sugaty end eb And Vi LE ed teste to,se sa
2RU6 rp mec, averun awison. mA, SERENE

wo = 1c,
of °C ta 60°C
flowable.
Tower Oulput: The 6-H porer output mast be st Teast +215
Bra (140 mlivalts). The maxdzaum ebsnge in opt poser Trom
A0°F to 1M0°F snl nokeveeed 3 eB
Frequency StaiBtys The lequenty ofthe mierownve generator wt a
tmsin sation anual be mainiaine! to within 3 parts per milion over «
fur-month period for eux (emperaluee envionment. Por tom-
erature vatianions stom S5°E u Y5"T wad 40°F wy 10"P, the Sre-
Ineuey must be mnie ooh pats pe mali and
fren er nillion repestively. AU x repealer lating, single genera~
ton, tages with a chit modulator, i ued forthe rao reeves and
rdjo transmitter. Therefore ike eunertor fraqeney econ ounecs,
find this error Goss not affect the teanenisted resueney, Sin the
tighs feayweny tolerance ie teddies for main etstion gncraters how
tren, axl Unes consitute boxe 5D perert othe generator prone.
tion, the sight frequeney requires is apelid ‘0 wl aeaerwtor
Carrerio-Noi Reatic. he noise requiroment for the mierowave
eras, as skowa ix Tig, 1, wae eeablisked on the basis chat fs

3° — WF} for Tong-bal syeer er che range
(AOS to 140°F) some degeedation fn performance is

# ry
BF | me
Be

:

SSN
strenoarm arias 07

vise, wher added to the other thermal uae eure, zat result in
AUTH eyote. thermal noise tet exocing 87 ime. The nei
seat i exes a3 a rati of e m eaeiey power to thee aoe
Inter into Ha end syaeee spranetiealy ate. the earier
(DSB) and ako 3: the equivslens wns Frecusnay deviation enued by
‘oy Ake nie silebas,

DG Poster Roriivemnn’= The wienneare generstor dowd epornte
from e —1-valt supply, royulaced to “U9 vat

Tarabibty: ‘The generiter should be taxable to aay! one of the
thinty-twvo squited feequencie, The sing shouldbe inlet penne
easy Held elinment

‘Gammon Desig: Basi inthe ds stage « deision wis made to
tse a common design (up to 1000 Mla) for beth the 6-Glls TH-3
Anplioaion and the 4<GHe TD-R application? (The TD-8 geneesto
Alevign use « gate ab ie 1000-NIH join to obi he GH
longi "The semana sevign is feashle sine the wequited erytal
fecllor oecnenciee foe TDS rang fe TIRI25 ty 128.125 MTs
tnd this averlap sito THIS crystal eseilacor euquences which extend
from 1224 to 131.075 Mis, ty ssigning the genenvtor celts
‘ough 1000 MIEa to baw a tunable baadadth sigtlygreace then
sould be rcaivo! for 6 THB gonossicr ersign ane, ae re oe
hay be Wed fo the to eppleetora,

A mention above, a exystel-contalod opillater te weed ee the
frequeney Geteraning unit. The ferueney wee ehoeen tae a high
ts suite to misiige the FMC noi mulipliesion factor in reeching
fhe @-GHe output frequency, Alon 150 MH was the highest fee
‘qieney for whith ergstate weve availale to meet te eat enie:
tens nord tor TH. The oscillagr w ésigned ta operate with
plug-in crystals having Grequensies Fenn 118.199 to. 181976. NHL,
Frith a epoefe Frequency ithe range T2400 fo 181075 MTT being
teed for each of the channel freynuneies of the TUS radio syeter,
he osillatar frequeney 3s wakiphed by g eter of 48 125 AIHa x
18 = 6 GH

‘The block sigrean of Fig, 2 shows the roukinier san ssl, The
Few tse cieents foiloming the esellareramplifier eve Teeny
doubler stags cae ug a leans ase wllive eeu, Ts sew
2208 mun auLt exten TRomTeaL JOURNAL, SHOTEMEEA. wrt

Feral ae a oe Rompe
{ain ae LER

Fig 2-Minomers geaeter Hoek agra

‘Srouta, the norlinot rollator base eapackance of the Lransitar is
teed as « rasotor lo free the muliplintion sin over Usk pro-
Wired ky a convention ietletne dacblor. vurvioe doe sextuples
instead of trusistor wulipfive iret is used to obtain she CH
igual Yoeanse high poner seunrbiars with ental froquancies grea
tthe 2 GH wine rob available a: tic time of thie devslogment. All
tuts eon in Tig. 2 ene casi ly opti &: a BD impedance
level te fachta esting in rattan

Tet metwyave eoweralar whinh ee Sroqoeney molilir ctaes
the HM index "the sie sds banda terearts 1820 log Where 3
ie tae srultipying due: This 226 FM reise gocs wp 6B Zor every
Alovoling actin. Al, wae, Uswsitar and code drequczey rapier
Hoge centuihutes noize of ite own 51 ation ve ineroning tha idex
{Cie e'on 0 noise fre the previous lage, An idea? sacthod of
‘proving he suit easierco-nite ratio wild be to employ’
sharp bandpass filler Ue G-CLs output to rede she neice about
the earn, Noiwe easements ma on a ilteries TH
{eurve A ef Fiz 8) show (ak 9B of lee revive wo the ouvir i
‘bended a Rls fous Uhe earser Lzequensy to meet generar nike
Dojecivee Using sincerity batpase ler sf he out [te
‘iarmey would requve » Alor will a lated Q of 16800. The Q ie 90
is thal ge ofeach a Bltcr eros iptactical boraus of temper
te eonsitisity obi

Twas deforcinrl thee #00 Ms was the hes vequeney ab whieh
s paetien) (ler, Tors a ies and lose siedility eaadpoit, could be
Drovieed, The SQU-MMs er employee usee a expetiively Jue
fnutrter-weveegth ously. The eevity ie spade of Envar and the Gter
Tap eesti, lage of 2.F ia Toased (af 1600, Akhougt loca
Decenner crerRaTER 208

J ra
toon ob rae

2g

Hep =

ing the Rill st 500 AU hae disacvantagee in thes ike inerocueed
Srevbeoquent stages is nt cttemisted, sstantialineoveren Was
btaine: ce eho hy earve Pa? Fig. 8

a Oscars

‘The ervstalonilotor shown in Tig. 4 is modified Butler sit
‘The bese ofthe aeilotor tensis-er ie bypassed to gros at the Fe
‘weve wiciliiaen 9 enpaeitor C7, The exystal i a Sth aveetere
Di operating ae erie vesthaze. Capacitor Cis var to aus the
ocala: to axectly the desir “imueney. Twduetar T1 eeters the
fning minge o: CL Infuotar 12 sescnates wich the ease enpasitance
ff the erysal a Tae Frequency of evellam aoa Cie Use foengk
htwerk ia Livy Sopmiaice poles whieh ace eqully spiced aout the
inspesiange nen at the Sroquenes of oprention, Capweitors C3 ead CO
provide sngiance matting to the baller ammplier stage. The eomn-
binstion uf L2, C2, une the transforaud at mapsiene ofthe second
stage proses patel td cnet 96 the calleton
2210 Tm ret weMHLAL REOHRICSE. ou, SPEER

‘The earver-lo-yoise sate of the osator is Limi by Me mnxi-
‘num permitiodesspation of the erystal end the noize figure of the
Iranian: The rvio remains eonstane the aellator enip power
is varied essutsing thats fesibark through the exystal is Hiited by
the evelal disipaion. Haewer, fe ie deirable to have dhe eellacor
‘oni power ee bigh ve yume so 2siniie the aie woriation of
Uke Tolowing stage. The ove ser vervides appresisately +10 Bm
bb what power tothe afer arpa. The Ison operainy wx alas
A eornvonenite ample sed proviles ox cezpat of +20 Pn

a Tonnisor Dandies

‘Vins crsicortxequeney dower czeits are usd to mulligty the
125.30Tfe oul of the setilator-amplier to 1000 Mls, igure 5
hows a. cireui diagrem whieh basigally ie commen wall thre
Genblers ‘Me doubling action + enhanoed by sing the vaructor
Capacitinee prigertien of the {ronsntor colerar-to-base jametion,
(ret Ln onter Lo ublain gain n this openatng mode, the ene about

coe mgr)

"|

Pig @Typia anitoe maples amt
21

have at lor 10 4B gain a th ie fenquency. his rege that
fe elarively hgh impedanee lie preeetal(oUe colleetor at ipa
Fawecny, fe. Sve Insetonerier impede i src High e0.c0-
tortonground inspeceaee ve proved by scleting 12 vo aesobele, at
4p, With tua eollecter-to-tace espat=ance C.-T lavpe ea ap
Sing iv developed acioss Cy, Due Us the wealineas aston of Che
Iigher-onder cutrexts ill few if « puch is provided, Indueter Lt ard
capseivor C1 satin zeaumate st 2 (, sal prove the bage-te-pround
path, The loud provides such a path in th eoleetor cir

"The 12 ta OE0-M Ex oubler civil ses a Wealern Pleerie €2C
overlay type tencist with 72 emittrs and « anim f, of 50
MH, The 250-1 sl-Me eosbler wes w Weeterr Eletaie 624 oven
Jay tya2 trusister with 110 enitess. The 500- #0 1000-MFz malic
pliorcinit he the witter hypeseee by using a quererweclenh
bn eitenitedtransnission line. The 1000-MTTs output eiveuit uate &
axial cavity with probe couphing tn the Wad. A Westra Iletre 4"
tveelay type Uraesor, whieh i ila 1 che BBA exten that i does
fiat have a tah type heatsink, i west in this weet,

4s Sectnyder

‘Tas unit, shi sltiplon ee out frequeney othe 600-to 1000-
Ms reansiins ler to the Se oupos trequeney of 6 GES, ees a
wernoter doce ws Che ative dement, The diode 3 meuatod ing struce
thee comprises uf corsa ane wanvemaide cements aa shown Ep de
roeenetion vie of Hg 8

‘The eoaxialtrunsmisson line input eireit consists ofan impedance
transformer sn the form of a qunrtereave reeobant comsal cavity
‘bed to 1000 Me, x low-pass ier to eolate harmonies of 1000 MTT
fromthe iuput, a warurice nd, ends eit resistor for slfhias. The
ne ble verona eevly (a) has Lote? Qf 100 gn Lorn the
finde ‘npecanee tn 5 ohne, The eavisy uses range pul and
‘xpaitive onal couplings, The wonter vonduetor (by is aead of
Ivus ta nebeve the deired Gerroe of temperature stailiey. ‘The bias
rsntur (eis wonnecteu between the eertereencuetor of the Joma
filter (a) and around. st a lew impodaee point to minsiae esstor
lies st ot 1000 Allis tne 6 Gl, ‘2 inrane the poocer elecion
phase fore 6-H ene! gnorated the diede fe a suitable leg
ff Ene (Li: $e ineerted between the dade and sho Iay-pass iter

‘The output irs, which uses eoexiel treraimion ne avd muvee
suide lamers, coaise of a tuvable roatal-to-waveguide traneduer®
find a sonable wsvrguie hal Uh eosin fine (2) poe
2212 vue ey eveomye geomTEAL soUUAL, SMR TT

Fe

Ieuces ino the output wrens provide coupling. A capesitive
tuning see (@) opposite tHe pnbe (x) in tae suede optimizes
(Ge enislng ct he omtpu dragueey, A tinekle wargese haope
flver 1) having ¢loeded (of 8 is syed ya dite (T3) from
the probe, Te panes the G-Lis eneior and rectively veenniboe a
jeer unmonies generated by the 1000-MFT deve gna. Te output
Spuvepaide i yaed ee a high-pass filter to mupprese harmonies of the
TOOD-MiTy dive signa frequencies below the CHa exrree. With
fn Sapa power of +29 elim av 1000 MF, the oupat power wt 6000
Mls is cppcosinsely +22 dm. The voraolor cise a Wester
lets AFA digdes sil gyal euaraeceneties as fla: break
ora voleage of HD volte, sericseristanoe of LL cline, 2nd eaparie
fares uh sora Kies 02 5 pivolwrs, ‘This graded jucetion device ie
Alsen ina the forage ebsape sloropt region sad therefore availble
fesign theory could aoe by applet The multiplier eieuit was
ovelopal I tanking wie of experimental design teebnigues to
tchiove the dsited peaferaance, Tho dials i Uased to eperato now
Foealadown, Av Srequentise beswoon U3 wel ehone 8 MU from the
tater che C/N petfirmenee of he amllplige = "med hy hoe the
UUrrsholé role atsacated the dice breakdown yobage an nose
feasca.ed “be driving ciel, The seletvier of the spy: evity
provides come nedution ofthe noi (om the driving eset
tcoonae crvensron 2213

Auivonal Skringis provid! al th ula for Les lueated ~ 600
Mie ans! 1000 MF srom the earner frecteney by a 1848 type
bandpass fer ‘The SO0-NIHs hsndpase Tlie eomoves tonte whieh
ray he present at 125 MFTx and 250 Aa frown ca enrver

24 Gonwoaton Puning

"To athiove the gon! of proving simi alignmimt pracsires, powoe
snositore ha bon pce ll sages Cong 300 MR Beh oi
tor circuit samples te jammer cla its eoreapenting stage, aoe A

tiade detector provides rutrent which rity be teal on test ler
tf the TIL-8trananitter receiver ly" stage may He Gane,
by observing the response ou Hie buy str

Four circulators ace ue in she grteraie ein shown in Fig 2
"Thee stealaters wore required to abtain eainedenes of mexinan
owes ani ninfinan noise, Withowt tke eealatoy, penenctee oil
Teslone oveuned under eerin sing evades

‘Taming of te S00 to HAKN-AIT cullen einet fy done ye ener
fag the trirsstor eullesior erent, The wear sree fe wljta 9
hut the transis is wperite wethi il disisaion lie,

Tee eos tel by ating Ube eumtae For rasa ot
rat power ae a:eerve on an enters peer acts

“rss aatgt power of ce per fe elyustable over pause

AB cue The ver ales en achive by eating the de
MEM dhs,

akon the 2s tm 26M Ee al the Be

1 Power Outpt ¥

Figure 7 chows the poner oulpat ax a Ganelian of tamperaure
(Carve A gives the performsee atthe output af the 600-0 L000-MIETE
ge, enrve IE the CH aula Troqoevey, he perdormance ie
‘ethin The design abjestives of 3 0B masinvun soba Lean 4°C to
Fie? CF to HOY

9 Preaurary Via ith Te pratue

‘igure 8 shows « typical change uf cepts oselltorfroquenes wie
teunperscure, The vatlarion in generator frmity is completely de-
rendent on the exytal arilltor stably. The rurve ineaes tht
esi objewtives for foqnenry stahility of the generator ave anti
214 vm ams avenexe TBRUNICHT TorRAL, surrasonN JeH

|
ie
e if
—
29 CarenisNole Promenee,

fn Nine Moaturomant Methad

‘The carrier-xe-netae nto uf the 6.GHa.outout signal was reused
suing the equipment ow ia Pig, 9, Revestally the arrarement
flies “he nuts af tho gererutor beg tesla Uo Lhe mpate of x0
pers, one pet ‘Path A) leading tothe xynal pose of dawn ean-
‘enter, the other (Path) oa the heat osilctor poet ofthe converter,
‘The output of the emveler aa Peovency of 70 Mls, ie wopiied to
‘an FM reves hich zevovets the FM noise we basobunl frequents.
"The noe ie taea mewcavel ining ace, sequeaeyasloive, power
tnwsen. Since the none present al Ue outpit et tee gonerater is very
Tow, sine methes anet be weed Lo inoease it eo that ie not asked
bythe melee of the mnsusing ogsipmens This ie dane by using «
highly cleLive ler to onpmess the varies i the wignsl pat, cbus,
ineffect, degrading Uve sxnslo-ncien ratio and inercasig the FM
index of nose aadultion

heat esilatr eignal Zor the dows wonserer i supplied in Path
1B, Path shite the fequency of to generar user st by TO MF
‘The onipat of Ube wilt anedulntor in Path Tye Stored hy sharp