BSTJ 40: 5. September 1961: The Resistance of Organic Materials to Attack by Marine Bacteria at Low Temperatures. (Steinberg, Priscilla L.)

12.5 MB·English

The Resistance of Organic Materials
to Attack by Marine Bacteria
at Low ‘Temperatures

Ry PRISCILTA T. STRINRERG
(Mn aeve Aci 18, 10

of sariowe ceganie aatritn du erie ele sractrcs hea
nt en ent te atpaed Behavior of wack materia in @
so nierespence. Orgs tele hawe Ywrn nepon f kie
(0 elvaplerie pana to siaive toteia ac th APC wud SFC wae
Ieee eat 25°C nado anaerebc oats, The ian
the ust actor iy the kateia ae torn stern? hy 7

thang eonaonpt oe Btagen tle pret,
ans af the palutgtens, sales laser ee thermapinecs euch
a ay Peles, av gwiguite ss

trostoars th
ours er auanhic miororgantnns. AW the rstmers fee cr

‘ian! by oro utr, but mae then wr es to ae.
day enneobie hater, ate Stee ad 98 clan ana fr hath ner
fant nacohi netero, Im genera the pyngl eerie) wart pla

fn ontenaplatiser seed a2 ore a energy oral

aniconrganiams at both tempore, ane a ef thew ere ain ed
ny anaroiie batecio. Happrors that Hv ars eter placer as
eapanaiie forthe ata, sane Jester tn sme te pare resi the
fnernatiy plotted plytngl bdo) tow cot bth fee af
eters

(Capac of he daa rm 20°C ac °C ori et slat rete

clit aii atthe ean tempore Calenate rake f tenon

Sera enone tw Hic as Sas when icinnd a8 UMC at 5
‘The pinta eHorescompense ten somynne’ wiley sbeced e
easimately fdas oy lle tae ere wed hete f
Met tha a
170 me amu #0 WR, SPREE ak

(he inter of the Beli Sytem in ae extent of marine baeeeal ae
tivitgat teat goeon ep: sora tom the Foo ice Tol tin
trie wuteias are eres fv atzace by tick arganieme. For es
fine rive mde hy Zee aed Hove ruber prdasss sa
fy ZoBell on hydro tans baw Hewes that marine bacteria are
Fapable of wilting ner waters, Three eke phase of « biologie!
ting prostam (se Fig. 1) tae ee Mae Tsboratorie in 1954 bus
tine designe to delerwine te esstance af gai materials chee were
‘poly pple van cable constrain fy aeck by bathe
med ancerobie itrine haeceria, The fist data calleted from these b>
tracy tests ve been zeported wale yy Sooke, und shore han
ag’ inane eperfie orgie maisike were eapubleof ing ulin
fp matine bacteria st °C: Attack wae predornstely by aeenes, Bele

Tse heving secured ae to salfatezedusing uneris

"The SMC! fempercture i ryoeetative oferta sallow water ex
virotinents sani 1 Hse range ak supe igh tieobiahacisy
Chen botcone ferpeaties a dps greater Us 1000 mites 2g

om A Li'Co Ts prea work, eonwcennd wth deep BHU ten
Dovsture nvelors he ering ct oer of tae matric tovercb's

Iacteria aan funtion semper fa ee te eozapeisan of the
oleh ls a 30°U ws anne it Hi them of a
Uisty would be sonnet baer at oC and se, een abe there

Tin ben ite cttuck ly avamoiae oman at 20°C, a0 3°C saecobic
tte er eundacted

concn = corer rest
ESM ANCH UP onase akan ist

‘Mavi bares ar oui wurying auautitis over th entire cosy,
‘sith che greatest conrontenion rng in rst wate al he rion
of the sdiment-water interface. Ta spe of abe mine ste (gee
Fess chase nev i eats lone mio a linn) thy ares
Plentiful that the rtimgted trast of acter in the otezus has heen
Plaer a er milion lors? The couontation pti tan
at reer the existing balance betwen prodrtive and desta
tive facters The subers of beter aw poednsistely due %6 che
‘nou cf nyanie matter present, sie this provides wa vere
fr the bacteria. An east a hs atone of the gay of wea
narra the beter poling ene ern in tho ees utd
Here wit water fem te janet af the Alb Ocean atthe olde
Acte Ocoen.” Te cheng in tenons eveuunsesed bene ils hee
Hotties of matin sagan

he proving am ets i the

sani Teod supply, and a rw ge nero in the nase
(huts

Ober s-vironmonts: aetors maga have ene noone te Ie
teri’ poumloton through effets ex dhe amps of ene tte, Le Bae
beep soted “hota net sletchig asst ease the Feri 1d she
diatom, eaivelue ne plac "Thea ola ae eal the
Sing oigemie meee iam lie sips daniel subwanes pale
Aline te Facevia desomposiion of wxranrese aganiy mati
‘Theron tae af abuaaka aon er ea a bean aboraly
Ish naptber of arin baserin. Che ne itl characteris hah
Dpulation of warn hgeters fate al ater ferace. The popu
Tin ior Te x ne tothe ci dood sepply ews by wontons
inking waa pl ais femas, DE the uae annem
tes, Waksna and Cazey Zouad Hint apprise per tel eo

sursed by the heetovis evant (rar de and er al ha
the remain i use ld es Iter gli

“Vivine oasteria have ben foul in bata deposits ac depths of
(0280 meters bein ra evel, whew he Mydrtleprestte fe spp
nately Hiab arsoephorens Catal vie tt sgl mw
Heme ca elevate preaines wy ODD sateen eee pce
Faetvia etna ey Raison sere sitive ta tempenstine a °C,
Teh alighely ower than typi! bottom temperatures tate ley
tna, Homever inspite of the ality of naira beteria to aap
tite eatin, thts te sev Ito lat do esti th
lop in he ean Fis, the amount ef ane rate Ue
Tinted, ad of his spply igifcan ga exnnut be ukaed hy
1972 Tm on pensnae TREN EAE FORK, SIMONE 35

ese Beond,buetria we sar past of Ue Sopdeapoly essed
Up protean aa orhre ssl azine ginal, Thed, a8 the rae ba
feral wilipivationinensews, 4 tae subetymow injurious (Ue dex
‘elope tay began to Tore fs party inti urter gro,
‘Termporalur sens nf te bari onset oy 5
acc entrain the eset ol aetiity, bith Ble eee on goose
population Fes, Studies aveinratea that rer found i dh col
Pet mates multiply more aly ut lve lor. ZoDel has a found
th this relaiorshi bn tea fr eae nel glare ree pales
Av invabation temperatures ranging rom O° to 25°C. Temperate may
uit the mamher ef specks! basttia present fn ven location
the only tine beromes a ee atleneing te otal Lateral opis
ion fs pigeon the establish @2 a equ inrnm wits the syste,
"This bre ouctine f avin turin ert the evox facing
the esperies ter ho Be inert i yn to Salle Ue? ecole
Since toore re no man Sure, any laborstary tess sil neers ly
Deliv iy te purtrnb o8 Scions ald dang scuba
ft Le teat les, Tse vated ere were eared under laboen
ory eonliione wig aged ae ere 4 wale, Lshoratory-nebate
CCoicment ells stall test semen, Du te the gzeat uml
CC eamples, all wos mot bo tested al ue tino. Ms, ee ohemieal

‘Coane hich ang cos His striae dus 20 gouge expose
Teo tot rllstede The dat eae ey Lee teats do provide ine
te ifoen i hm the cece pdormauoss He rates me the

feet rondfones and et stl gage fe sep mae
tral rset dot. gre veal

“The fie, eats Irn curly izepection of raphe expec ict
sn the cena oe sponta Skey rn Fest dace. wl he
lle "a paper

“Ue tw types loratory tests voted are designed 0 tenth
tosistanne o° the vais opgtte ravinls to har aerobie and state
Fearing Facer, ‘le later ts wince atlita-redingg Iirn are
Uthiquitnas wives igen of Tacestentof anaerobic ata. both
too, proceduse coneinr in esparng the (st materials to beter
‘abil ue ute he utile earn sure rey are a ve.
[Whenever poss, iw materi ca bette we obaned inthe form
vo fn about tals ths, Fach bre eatin enoxgh sample ox
tro nauk ate of 20 eee centimeters, hie, ithe ease of fm,
Teint ineh-squaresomple, The elastomeric males ace appresimately
osienaScH OF oneaste sarmste ba

75 mils tie el ro eve ea Hearse anges, Ke
flere tease the witfare cero goal ues il aa el &
foletod mess anely BOS grad oral sc samples of ule
fer. The sample sive for the lu fir namely ergo ile si
‘hls wapalyoer wel 6 polyeidle oure Th ewsleternned
uv uppnietion of the dese! 12.9 mquteewontimeter surface ae,

2a Aerie Batoria

The hikes) oxen demand (BOT) type of test measates thn
cawinl of assole ngqen mcrae! he anrabie bacteria dung
tight-wock seu’ fey tie onanie eval aged an fnoabated
Sa watt. Sse tis fest samples apo she en sourer of carbon orale
fie he Basie, Hae age ns, ei
treo! Ds genni meng of il hy ug stent, Teceres a ered
tran of Uw wiles th ante. "Par Fane east epson ing
the steps ual nthe test peptone shoe Tig 2

"At Teast ght secs pone to raving the test, soa meter aad asain
sent are collector from a area the Astin cous, Some of Ue
Ira‘eral to be ested aed fora, portion ot the collected ten water
nid sodimint, sal the mistore fs ieculted fom pose marine em
37 me ant shenane YeeNSHOAE ERKAL, SCHMHIE 1A

Siehment cultares obtaived through the eulogy af C. 1. Zot
Siri Inaitnte uf Oeesnography ‘Thos latter were prepared usin
Toile range of anainie materia ivlnding cloner, carbo,
Foal palate nd ater wane conspoues, The erismene cultures
rani up foreach let sangeet 25°C tor at east si weoks
price ta testing, The puro at preparing sepucne eliares st ei
Taetera sepubie of stag Mae nates to. develop preferentially
inter al onons. I the sora dine, the vemairser ef ie ras 20
Wale fespd ad age the sels unt the stisabeorpeniseassent
Je bot oe par orm Te a ha

{Phen these selina mawaaas eave It oneal ox, Ue aged
res ener ia plaved in suelo) abd aerate it egy tor 16 hours
‘Peon codiling the es hotles, combined esr ament elzare coral

ingen fey devs nos oun of fa etoate cular of the amzple RroUP
Trig tec kd othe aaated sou ter in a concentration fT
plier por 10 ters of seu wpter. "This concentration of innralury pron
il cna mierbial yeivty with the east amount of ade or
Gaui matevial. A sight piven pros’ space an the water
eine earboy itl lev the tex: bottles ee ll, thus ari omen
sihiratins tarouehow the peril precede inxbetion

"Tes replicates ol sash senple sew ieee i liter
stonpssed tie fv euesantdemporaturs ater ath Normals 99
feoliatesazupls arp Hews fo measuring Th dense ox nf Ma
Seater fallen 1,3 had es of wearin. Tmwves, lea a
igh rte of tack is aniepates ho nent inksevals ne. uc
Hrander i fein sigaiiewst tention data before lh he availble oxy
rn has been tla byte tesa. Usually anglers ae nstuded
reac test ran with oem feng bole, The 10 coat) bottles
iclnied conan snoculued Fea water ol wre prepared exactly the
a athe est bolls expt for the absence of test materi.

“These ony rfeul the test Hale before Incubation
ul Tole “he dierent eaten pee nrasuted sig rl-
ied Winkler metlun. The baie Winkler prawe te sensies af the ee
Steps shown in Pig. 4: {1 asidation o® angsoue byebowce i highly
fllaine suion, (2 see ro the product tke preserve ef an
wliky uh elsmetee Vora of the tbeited iodine wth tan
te thisate ation tage sels indicator

“Phe axygen rowained ve rniaved in pares ger lin For the
reall fs tieations of the ms we plo to neal au Fi
ine the logs perind of inealton. he diference betwres thee to
‘les oer gael sore ay Hs a oxygen inthe contcolxarples cone
‘Nitates the bindemiealoxsgon dna (BOD) wit the test atrial
(@) omnes or uascains rononoe A atk ALMA reno
40 1051 BN(OHs — aml

b} seerearon me oscenee oF 38
Vin(oiy WANE > Mts # Che Ao

{6) sce come rmares wr 4 zraoune osu ecu
acts) Sgavomess)

ba vows Bact

Inch ancembie tors psoreeae tke velume of hydrogen std 1
ewerabie pillawerehicing bueera i mewered ae a dade on oF
ssuorobie tuck

Tess fr the Tang of te ge ts wer Ue pre
he gnmeniie te ae syle sins se far the OTD fe et Fi

Tete owt the est wn er fe bed gprs for 0 ante
Spud une doo ea la stig vor pee
isp the enya the water ironed ang os the
elim, Adana soa pcan sept on te rave we the

ose Sine hs warms aa it tte ea she he aoe
crarin the Sneubation peas seted ve hy 1,8 12d 1B wel
The water bu a

Troll nei he Hyrgen slide dsl in he
ie titrate sth a
A. Hyclagen slide wate calennt ser aoa gbove tha fo Hy
the ingcuted euliue scomaered a sinseure cf nueredde wlth of
feats est

foe

ine sion sng tare ax len fee Fig
1976 sue waae semua nL JocR, SEAMEN eb

‘he invivdual census whieh bane ae tes ait ani
nnd angersbie eng aceite fn Tale 1 They lade lateers,
Dolytving ike), plyetyl, Rlopsene, ether theruoplasts
Mevaral al esate Ee, ttn ample

4 Blasters

With the ewopti of sivas rubber, al user snp wen 22
penned Hell Tlephinve Taras tear esned, ad sup ie
Shel form appnoievaiely 7 sil takes, Alone few eng tials Were
ft et eh sete aad sais the espe iso the 10
Noni ramen ane ee8es, nd) Fe eu onesunde bead

‘ie foot t,
cording i Zotle wn Revky ty even a highly pred nyt
sone tuboer scnple ea ie w el hy warn beet, ‘Ue pesenes
bt murceroas vases. wily oops, eaeee aid, ars hemos unr seum
teen in thom pon ng af elas er eres thee
iii ofthe ruber ranpuonal ty maa. attzc. To date, no ver.

thew oven done vo deri thie eomeponents fe he sls vers we
Drama yen ds fr Ths ase cf ettaek experignend 4 Tae Le

All poiny’ ehlvile) apne eubmitted in sheet form were a
oroxsaately 2 to 5 ns Pek, All of the now peers Te oe
‘eval slat sind pely(siny! vlads) argpleseostaived typical ur
fnnenels lic ye valle Gch an hentia, eseamsm, el lad,
{etty sid breasts fn lor cote 9 se ons, sal
"mot sos of Eegane lle,

The unplesiste, said elyviny More allay aot eon
usptcitc eternal ps isn, ssrarsatided wth sigaiesataazount
ff fay geld Irian eds lee some tavughont ee txt
nih the external platisiel romymussls Thi compound certained
spprosintely ta ho insane fac aed nel i
Sounding the hse infenully pole! aerate oplgmers desgeated
eaiisibiecoprynces al Te. The gel pols inyl boride sboald
Vol be contd willy poly h ebleie) tosis alo dsraorl be
Inhich oe a pane paving! shee) powder etining wo added
Dhetivier ve luiicant. Palyesen A, (ate pltenre ene Tah
esterases OF WiANte are ssa

‘Tame 1—Matemats Teemep Acai Aneome Axo
Asteiome Mans dvenaek

“Tega ate TCP
Beat heh hth tc ob

Se a
SRE aR Pern | RE
Tan

Teovrmere

eas astute
oles aso
sta |

es RH st

5 Pedytiylene

‘The .2 melt index (ouren A) and 2.0 malt index samples we per
ct only fi geal fw, Data for sore ofthe ther polyet stnes
‘rere tabula fr hath sie! and geanalar forms, bur ecmpacises were
rly made shen bot ones of ete involve He aan 9 ima ere

4 Polo

ott polypropylene samples were smite in set form about 15
nail thiee, ue scple emtsinel antiiant A, wish ined phe
corpo xd te ler vont so knoe aecsidant (0)