BSTJ 40: 3. May 1961: A Loss and Phase Set for Measuring Transistor Parameters and Two-Port Networks Between 5 and 250 mc. (Leed, D.; Kummer, O.)

20.8 MB·English

A Loss and Phase Set for Measuring
Transistor Parameters and Two-Port
Networks Between 5 and 250 me*

By DO LEED yd 0. REWER,

An sear oe nnd phe

sg tha ion delayed fr eaing
mall sinad mucus nie tvnsinare ond goveral typo nears
oth muon andre of 0.1 aul .E dagro aee a forte 30g
rom 319 £50 ve. Tatra ater acta eubetanta Sdeyerebed af
‘et Segoe, the mowearwnt infrmoton se heeded fa fe te
imation fequcnry, hve sein ss peered with the wd ent
(oes ct pv abe. Dee of «0p saepingtevha yeu
ove fhe untae with AighSvgoensy saed elpsvatce sere fom
Mrs de an isn verte gue of he anatase ne
ie amatt give Feit og the eneral operation 0

the popes arses the dg epprcacbes wal i sebagai te
fa party af eros on oe fo fhe anew, int af
fot eect raya, ese, peabtonai act digo torr nt
phase sandr, Porton esata geen wo he fetaoes th which
pecially aap it Bs uvrunsen of tawsitor porate

Js the carly stapes o° devr Bonet of epeitie traitor Lye com

promise petoreuan lngele ane weakee est that or hot ea
ge resin nd raise front afabsesion wept. Fue
Simple clostreal rvseating netrzante ae eufiicn” yu the de
Yelngrcine daring Uhis wy peted. Tlawever, pest peruciscm has
flv thot the device downer nn vengerraher reply en the nggede

pn angry snd devi pelt que ree pial hese
$82 dn Won stn aye OAL sOrREAL, 97

ss psi kandi de eee chargers ll permit ent

Siphistivation Sn eivouse eppioations, AU this pein, neurite resin.
tens mis he made of thefrequeney eharactetieo Cesieview aa of
UU ital a which tf sae sy rr busi ncher propre i

vith an instrument

feetry devetopncnt, This por ee
sd te mes sue mesentery aig fos
12 0 re

“Lhe rt porto the paper eviews Moespe pote volved i
making seeunete Deut sansarercite tn Urcitons, Ti vole
hat the eet hater ster tows the diel of proven 2 keen
iret evirmsma nn he ws er tet Av gh reouencin, ie
rea spon vated olntingemssevely use or exes anal
trvinis imedasaes Foe ths react, an nd level fA a
Ia en chose: fe sath aonzee aa eal in te an ren sere
That v sheenined, be data cocniod tor curmslely chavaeleising a
“ransieoroun two-possunieare cna yng pant i
Serta Joes a phave meses, with te ete ied nF
Uigerearcontcuratine in Telatiny i Tae A hn tmnctine, Gener
Toroport nitivaros ny hese 48 lla temsetrs,

“Serliny TT sucnaties the hie measnensont aeerbed and indies
Imounesient geentuete ad rouzes This lllow by creadon of
tie Invniencrincs Stem toe msec pecs fo ler lis
‘esa in dorign and nets, Thiel se Ue paca ob
iierives, cher than shew rebiu lanerarnee, hal apeaitea yienore
the mmcearenuns et slea Chis an, ine sete the tia fat
sevallsignalraasurencet ae Dilan oe expec aa
Inestaon travinors, al “or smawidns amanes ot antematie epens
tio to prune een an! tsar pret esi

‘Sesios TIT sind EV desc the meeting sre pogwesivele
"adil ing frea block gran veseriplion. CQaesane rh
veteth ays and cenit design are diceuseé. together wills dhe ap
osu une i alien

‘Seon V das wit Une asp tne Wet wally adap
anise measiremtt, This ilk Te sez fe raging

tim meseurementlare po Ths Ina the east Brace ed oe
Teeth of nrg he Lens witha tatdocing signal path afle-

“Rint es consdnstinne aw cover in Seton VL i spe
ial tmpasivon the fersnnestorreiering th acant of mail opener
Ibo dig bg nsf enue,

"Tove made to validate the meassement aesursy se considera in
ube anu mir 6 sis

Shot VT. pei slf-caliblige rualan ane dese or abyor
ing-svovoty maven of est emer

‘Meveumemont results we previa in Sovton VILL, slscing the
vethod of ublaining aa Jrasiee> araritiaation or a brown

Edius triste,

14 Opkinae TaoePort Meceurement Peruse for esate

“Tho prineipol woe of fone inane apes ee
rnision units ig Isms stems fron: Gel of pro=
idinea now: cue snrronmaenaretcadtirbiee ander tet. Uke
the prob em nf snoviding adage wer puss slendnods which my
Sr celiea hy leroy ning. he rasan fata Coa cost
Aevroionfrecucny thon ene evasive soli te The tering un ete
{pol question Vins sda fe law Ty he tion 0 zone
Fcc it mus asa wth etl at ee of 16 Sigel a>
ied tthe une

Moe ane seal fags why the psi af weasel gore nd

Loe tmnvvetini eoonees nme lead i, wanelstor monsreme ns
Iittof ell the teers ine fri oes te WH rege
flor petens, eoially enamels ine AB ¢ esa FIs rere
fhe rsng sb tarsi Teas tne nouns Resin of te tsnastar

forthe nae. eos able? af the ports of tas meaner set. Slut
the ceeidual pees antors the ig emer te iit ernment
Trove the easter Lie naosesey prod ios a ig whose yy

Silcrleyvlacsinpinean, re ow ras iran are ex
os

other unig Aiea iy oaovidiag kon trainin din
sitcae maces! ies th the ee ta enone he devin we
Hein slr so mae i velve, Connie a, Rae eat ure come

Ving exrents sod vsllgges 19 the trsisur teu et incense
inapedsnoe at Use sts egies He saat

{ir kw request, a hal sue 2 jigs ard to de etivation ae
pnevaly rrglnil' anetae suas ile owen «ide aria of
Fos en vac sapedancss ‘Shore sd "opens ex be eowely
noice 0 ty eo" petametar ses yn meen dies
Hoysever at big (scntsins, "be sauae of aeieabe seces Emde
Ceivor irs re lined oy tae resin? pret of the Se aed
Fiseeenacuhiny voit, and bycho ete iin yf realising bree
Ina ope sl ser ien fspeeass,

“She masses ok docile te prec paper deal withthe
SH nae meus svar nuentran comma, aay st

high moveney teominnton pecblea by xeogaizing that attrcite
tenae the scaeme impedances neque fr dina! mcnsrene tet Dy,
hs pasarartes wonld net prows finial nsec, che desig efor ee
ined at ayatheeitng £ Whohma cermination level At the impedance
Teves stay aegeteners that weal ondary mike ap iain
large or very «mal. impedances impcuetieable eur hy womans)
that they produce oni eal rections
{th 80 os ela es the ssa ar Led ipasboge,a at of
fear meseuremerse eles shaaetvises le teal asc Fe
‘toeter of test. This et of mgdonreals suas fe amet hee
fine lbw mad ivetivn ov Pastner the train, ane
tine srt ows a has die Figg eae of fe tans por
teow le ua sgual pl, Duviug ie aidgirg tmeaeuremente che
emote pee ie ermiaatd a M0 chrss, There ‘our mesure ea
Fhaely telat 19 the 2 of fie termination prncuelers efi hy
LR, Sldands? they may he fwimsormin? to ary the lar bv
prt eaeteoriaatior Insmurke ve vsquvslent event sprees

a Fst in Te Par oanscemete

‘A rasamising iestroment which yickisaulcient acy sx eluenssering
active Uoveos compleve yb rnlly wes (on enraretaing geen)
tyerport retiorin. Ps sms fryurvant amir iy ture te i
‘ner wok only esd te nvteesae deine fom a etei-ues ad
Inn utes seve the percrmience nf eomolewe creas use
Ue devon,

"nce, toe oad fo the mom: procwe risus airy ene
In the ereign od “enalne ype" commnieaton seri, such oe 1 ea
vi re TD-2 iorasare relay esol Those uses ema te he

fer aoeureg beets ofthe porta er jx monte seas of a
te toh eng eh of taco tapas Fe hin
high eseunize aburatory artrurestatios edie fue snvring
lars assent ined neti St, pin eal ep ne

Te taken bose the relat pote ring the labesa-ary phase
of Le yates deg

Inch develogmne of regenerative PCM systms, the seburaey salle
‘rv mening ferspeney eantartesistos ie eaeralle lee sagen ha
iat seaiea for anog npstame. "The relation of avvurney flores
is posse bereuon ofthe stern a fecuney dition ples throug
ftreaive pears emer, itis stil desirable to supplement heswily
Seed tiaiedmaia measurement procedures woth frequeney-charaeteri=
fie meagiremen's cn he eset ear paris of sue systems
os sp PH ae Bi

21 Method of Ansar
‘The buaie quentises meysured we ier loss and phese ei; the
esuoral metaod of meceurense island i Fig. Ka
Telays al oy sual Snexpoge te ursenowe al
tives « Shui site ad Toad." erage is mode
0 times seeond, Dung she sini inter wl te pth is completed
‘theo the stra, the instrament eos ill ns tbe amine of
the amps voltage, [Ey and stores tho meusuea value. When the
pall though » i emptied, | By | ie measured and str, Th
su oane

nce hetiren the seo atorol values is ead est oa al bec etna
Shor stand ne the ert es

on lene PE
2M tome
Tosesion phage shift iy ie dilly of pe bate Re aod Be
Since Byand Hy epprarn sme sequence, rie phase diference ns
et. Tstetd ete these tne spas ste page=
ompated in ets ith rennin at Be, ro a suppemen
thoy eefernon path. Tire, the phase diference betwen Ey and By ie
‘uated and stored; this i flied hy abeceurearnt and storage of
‘the phase angle between fy and Ay. Whe insertion phe sift jus the
Uiereses between the fa suewesice phase meceurements, ahd he
Uiderene fe eal oat ow valance elite pose biter
"The comparison of with xe so rapid thet fas mesuremen? results
sa nated oe gions of saree se al eI ein

pe ined

pectin pelt fu gain, Thin yganew an lias evo st
Shite i ponte Jvel ot derceview ausivity with frequen, eines The
“out dete a the esi awa # wu 3. "To prevent sts
icnunparisnn f the nk arn wt ete he anemone
though the site et he well matobed to Hee nominal tersation
fre the“ pethstasst anenge quell acd che eceta-s from the
jpn tothe szanstting pach must be smell
Tmmpedaron sees ny be infers messing the insertion lose a
by brn che urkron inpadaree anus che x ath,
suggest Tr ehe meremene yeh a sneer Toe aad
rs fran "whore cn men resin tt ad i he
rtm lose sh sian, dhe the inp, Z, compe fora

Achat tckie has boen worked out for graphical converting fort
Weta Z, bese aie etal bg nosis dae. Te
acon stale ‘he wrapping pro, levee tele hk ne BP
petra onc Tt he 2 plan Cae dig pe
fe coveted i ener ek."

Teaqweance measuremrntsensiviy dosage rapidly [2 | inereases:
svete of 95 ta eae bag, Eu Hae late fr 100 oi oly
2idp, The deop sn forties kes denen murawarng assraey, Conse
ently, high inpedasoes av ata ansfornca to lower values by
the ave ula atetenowave cosa ine Imunde, as shorn in Fig. Ih
ams AND euLAst SET on

‘The -ranformer consist of #301 bag of Saba ir dots roe
Aid vn sopfere si oes aprdance inverter oy he
eit of tls walipes of 3 sae, The weed fer a pro knowledge of
the constants of the Ee may oo wveidea by tho seleesMrating teehe
igus ef issues deseibe ler in evtion 73. This lehwique als
emoves the neueeity ft adsting he sgl eequoney shat the ine
Geom eae! ced multipotent Ber gt

see Mescurentsceurary ond Hongee

‘Spa Sore to 25D me io gl 8 psn eae calibration
acearuey The stability nal pvei af ee ting wre sutirent fr adjusting,
tosperi"ally dlrze tresweces ith tle ex 2 ey sng
hiet nesaraey romimortein contr oe Soon meseneement

‘owes mt Lond Teemsalions, cans or teatesber measuecru;
5 or 5 ebay. fr evasily rere vale netrks,

Mnverion Tne, Range’ 00 lyst a0 lb gin. Aeovaey: 0.1 dh
Sront ty gin to 40 aly hes 40.3 db om 0 yt A ess

Teeton Phos, Rane: 3 dearecs. Sern: +5 dogs from 30,
Agi bl oes PL dees tro aH ds ss

"Those cevarackes waphy tthe resource nent of ecesaly sinated
ntwotke shoe tng apedase re wl anatced to citer the 5
tir eahne termini levels Peeer ete ecelts fom interaction ex
{iseen che ipsa of the wow andthe resi nmrity of the
{teminations, Mistsinaton err anwtimged in Section 7.2 Fr the
ree of pss, resora:unkness

edi etare ees fs Tale Lol serene
Minaya the test et testo wish Se now B plage

soem
S48 tay wuts erase nuevas sora, a HL

‘Peso at shoe thet the aeons fran rhe fe iaing ly
san cite saul as evidenced by the ae: thet reir losses for tmanaster
rmowsurerent ares mace db poner than far soasaly eit wh
owas, Te design of the elses that detente th tla leone
sented during txtsieormeaounemene ie dienased in Sestion V.

2 Bl

tito Otter Tuo-Lort Deseriptions

lnship af Fosse Qa

‘Teansiston: wre wigencteZaa hy mlcng the following fet mssaur

a) Thee oe pias si Deh dines of transeieson
lor: 30a peda.

(0) Tvsai lon ad pase if cane we fst one pt of the

slow ats the aber ie vide races ii a. tetas
bath, Tae race porto the tlt i ed I 9D lame vr
‘hess brcgng meseurements,

1 the andes number 1 is essed to one of the port af the unkown
snd 2 thn athe, thon the tre mesmemnenta of fa) Sil he di
sda (hse al Phone foe printer define reais
fe P, ohiek corapletey saraeeriaes the view der te

‘P may be transom to the dite reminatin peantstor mast by r-
placing and o* with the onresporlng impedence vie camped
‘bom (1 in Sevicx 2

Tu ereersion cosh snr nant, ase aponapat resmina-
sien seeitance ao norliring su, 0c TH bmn, ete
\lzeee, Defining the entering mitt S in the vonveatinsl ay,

IU susan in Applic 8 hl the eulTonte at 2 ed oe elated
uch tha

om
ross 90 te sin

je latin of the elenen uP bs Hse they ane mates
toinable frm previous werk

24 Objerine

Andie of ijeorive inten the Hes he mensnrneat set
oer low ovting specten ta goraru ea mg He ree
eed quate

"The bracts! jet wr povide aaessuring fit cap ew
Sape‘ly shar ters ier snes tiv neat tv pot. Tals
{tao necompiahed hy erste begin nes ns wee terion et
reste ane

Sonne! tc nptcunest ws a tidying smal-cignal penne
ged tanstors ad ee varaen rth abit of le posting pT
ake sus mores pole, unknows are excite sey Tightly in
Zrlston to bise power agit, Fo example in mcasring Wher
Bh a un 1 a lee the pce diver he spi po sal
ores tse ay da, ight drive, shen ined ih asetor
too dors sigh vole sve for deteotion. Consequerly,
gw ctl cet ee cia athe esasinene de,

Tiny il ss tng este say stent eal be
soursiagy tq whgesenge a aero ce the Fl 6 2030
efi eneg rage, Ho this nov, hw sign at a2 eto ae,
Ha nescntle min, esos a of etter suai, ks nin
Iehin, prehing changes mit er apesiton sien eeved for ob
faiving mrsearengi mesers This not wy fue te eller of speeding
tp the mrsnnents tals rodces te eon fe hua ever. A

mest to

ily suet machin ec, shi praenning, al races 5
for open igh: sad tae etsy

Ihc vice asi he fon panel

“The developmen wor’ stray divided ft two prt the dowry

ito aa ert ls ed pave mrurement set covering the 510
ih one rng, and the develope fg atlases, bas

"See td poring angers ov aedpt The Base ea
Tends

se requeey 0

bn anooavaoest everaey substantially stew
frie Sharlene ng w fst signe, i ars weeny ty
Si) re ents syerone nomena asewse, aur

Ilene the meanest information to a fed intermediate fw
‘queney, where detrtion was actly perorted with the aio preiscly
‘alileaed lematd phar oblt sana, hist only tlie le ra
Jem of standards desig, but alee peovided the opportunity ta dnce
‘thermal cad rue noise by uso nuerow istermedate feqneney band.
‘wide Th nsprovemen in sgsaltosnin atin a mpi fase
Teenune af the low losel saver eviction, On the bits, cho
reason LF bond male i nswssenry to wane the tregaeney of the at
‘cailstr antosiatnally, bees the aed pes in th seeting
Ue senza oeqanney souk! eusenbly aed pst

Bie pont eto cy wales, een wel uit Yo
errr fom mibscalbration of stendaeds eros, and nose, The ena
Dutien fas ezorstal ad mnie is slcely ted up withthe helene
sepeot uf the istrunent design anit of inter to eine eo
er courses bref, before proveeing wit further details

‘The heemsdyne ast of che sie oti in Bag 2 ating of the
epi compris avd lckoleneng feats 1? wil bo nted thet
frosts pc esis cr xian tne sono gs freney,
fromthe referee path te che eke pt inthe sommion kent oe
Taine rasingtion, ad vow vot. The deme dnc ky this omen

ot! ent soe