BSTJ 10: 2. April 1931: Status of Cooperative Work on Joint Use of Poles. (Martin, J.C.; Huber, H.L.)

4.6 MB·English

‘Status of Cooperative Work on Joint Use of Poles *
[By 366, MARTI end 1 TOMER,

cag tts
iil ella SESS
Rat eyestrain cc rhe ot
Ee eon hay
sites th een ee a he

* [PPLRLINONT sn ees fh a pees snes ec ste
in thw same area ane ip eustomtre who are 10 a Tange exert

sommes nisl thecetore necessary thas beh tps of
ervive be carrie’ alony uve ane sree abd aighway
TExpeience has shown that sfer sal mone saiiartaryconlcons

car often fe eccuted she ye and] veep Tare crews srt erred
fw tae sare pele, This fs dues pare un the fact that ciara nd
Shmiing Sinem be more wily naistaiged where both esse ©
devise varied at Ls aeage goles vather than separate sles en
The same die the eres Wace eparase linge ave alaced oa opp
Siheiles of the sinecla aad ele, iis difiule to secure sed mata
rer rarer fer acrice wires to RcLeags where these cross the
Tine of the ntuer wisy

Jeiet use o! pales Ly che panes and tleahone companies results ia
ete uf foo y's na = oes al aighorass and Ketter appearance
of serial lies. In ly theseloce, are deste oom the yb yi
few. Tt conseives pole tnber ane a mary er ste wea
to soth clases of ik than sesarare lines.

Tiertne tieuluve atescioned advantages ‘oine we oF les Bye
nore an ene cenipani hag boon widely aesmne No sotm
plete dara ace avalable et the cstut nc a wae he pene
Ting, bust iseetataced thar there ares lene Sve lion ple jt
sed hy she power and islepone comocaies ia te Urseed Stat
For of Yue clases af uli>e have bees rug rally fa the pt
‘oeeuly Foe sesraanal Ie devslapment.eeigr- and constrction of che
Pica! yt of ash hae ene ace with the growth in tetitory an
Tomb f ensonntessese

Wie rrlor yolks a gla: wee uh th the possibilty
of comity betyeen wees ef ae to ies umeher hava eal br
satsfariurdy ave by pioperconszeucion meth, tere devi
fe, 'nlerlevclopments have increased Pe ure sf Iypes al yer date

Inetion eveuiee ragincing while yee Grequenlly aise a b> bow

savsioesaa he properly mainta'med and exten or int'y sl es

“Theor suriions have reese ane nee recsiving care consiera-
iow fw the Joint Genezal Commitee ef the Nationa! Fett Lge

Acoli anal Uell Teeptoue Systent, The eommitae hae secoat-

nel evi principles and pccies forthe joint use of uod poles

lehich are incended tvs ae hele spy ons
nd commuricatin stony is stm wrk oat tick atv taal prodlents
fd i der al iacyortat seeearl work in connection wth these

Solis Hirnigh ie Joint Sukeommicee e= Uevelapment ane. Kee

fein

“The pisces sac ywootiets mentioned ee persented na espn
ihe Ini Geral Comatice nader dace st brary 18, 1926, amd

‘eile Lesine she ope otis pepe: to conser chesepririples in

Teta, the folowing secomnendations ae of interes fn thot

inate che way iz wsiey this matter generally ein supe

‘Ezek party show

fo He the igre of The cally and requivementa of ita own service,
ievtuing ie character and design of sown facilites, both now
seal in the fasuee,

19) Determine the sharaccer of 2 of cicuieswnd steucturee te be
eel ov continuo i jeiat use, and determine che ekractes of
Tignes ga xsuctures of ethecs with which tenes into

( Gooperate withthe other sany’so chat i eareying a the fonmgeing
ities, soe cersiderasion wl be geven to the mutual pooh
lea tick nay arb al thal rhe partes ean ‘lay deve
rine ihe est enpineving solution “n sitmatons where the
lia of both ar involve,

1 wil be olseived chat wile each oavey retains full responsibility
ve fring an messing i evn problems. ic ie recomended thet bosh
pestis eouperate iz working out mca ples rast tw na

Ese of poe adn Frding che lint vera wagering wlan i

rersaincction, ‘These a-eamong she meet inmwcteve ofthe princi
‘hist have een recomend se ne the Iesieapon which practi
lcoopecstive work fe being raced forwand

Witte parece of the Pllewing pasegsephe te eocribe whet ke
teen lone sil wh sng dese bythe [nt Sabeummienee unt De
‘elmer an Reecar a reaction with te eaginee-ng ead evan
Cate pruslen hie have Ine ennuneeied in jot use wat

Cossrarertas Pascriss

Jet me eons reins practises Reva undetzone slivs! eon:inual
bagel en seen ue ese ont use eas Bist acopced and
onesie! evelopment iy es be expected te te tune. However,
‘any nf he furdamental requ-ements or securing saisaetory con
Fivia ajay wed pos weve secegnized at an eatly date and foray
"ese fer prose dy pratie

Tre tier slat ive Irv 3 ig hes seemed te nwo
wines should far as pre ieee vse eigen testions Ty
general thes aze larger and stranger Us the telephone wines. Thi
Eluerently oo bmenrse of the fueeest cate capaeiey tequie
Pliny pies wise in the upper sition on wnely eee pele avoids
the norte tye telephore Bnenen climbing thor agh meee rete
fesace namine and chacacteriton which they are no wey aii,
wth

CClarances mut be provided stick give sueient space Leow the
power wires so thas aoWer Hineaies wil not bave to cnate anc
2 telephone wes ste hey ane woukicg em post wines TW
Movral space nat al prowl aubocinns searanne= above che tle
Dna equips an tha: teephine Enesnes way etre cre teeptone
Plast witheut dager of coming in souract with power eyeijmen
(Csr etimbng sce pt lo 66 pid! so te tnennen mayen
tuleswtcae having te le wstrmely civ to gwoid Eas cr sates
‘wath crete foam which they say receive physical inj,

Fig 1 scum one muchos foe asaurirg eattaesory conditions om a
ioiee'y usc pale earring circuits which both fie power and elephone
s.0238 have ccogsized as seme sultan fo: ‘sin nse

Tithe rater nl edge sgt sta as Ines te pee

sthe woeeut iso nepara fies, Thai ctr rete

soul e proved suc ae atand, nich vseeonstle acces of -alety

urn conditions weies experience indizaes are likely #0 ozeur for,
ae tea in any pats c,

Wit ye 1 The alter ef foes: se etic stent, Ee

aes mt these and tol cenwer sults ave folowed devel

uevtsin Pre enor eld uf por eonetzseton, Wires to seco igs
fusd undargeound concectians co aerial ple resine verily rim
twee om ounly need pole, Tae cate, insulation aad meciaacl
Protection of these bave receive pets! ender lin ste
Ragauls tn woven

Sule esrs aes heoveon vevticaly un cireuis of one type and

he equipment of aaneher wily on joinely ied pules awe ae be

tami i
caren ;

fours be ver ingntane fom 2h
Hina te paras atl seep ose eevee

Th the cass al elessrcal tens lishtning may ince high voller
ox either supply or tenes isaties ies, The se aration late
the supoly ard worezuviaros Gain fx ovt atest tay po
there indted wage may bree done wit tl ar sel wee,
the Ine ill ra Fig, 2.” Dasma pizar me, ofcourse, ssal,
From figheg sem, Hraer, hn lighting has stetlisied a
belweer the ower and oomneulins ills che nvcaal vellage a

ndpuint ot aoiing terra
the muply viva my maintain die are, This sess in che wansfer
‘ftaneer nt the elephne plant at weltages which may be well ove
hat far which te nalts al mays ibe on bach the power
And telepione system, This won uf altar belo to te general
las that inchides insulator Pashovers stot Geuits on cables, Lee
rounds aud similar power sysiern eoruerenems Thal alass cney the
Dshabilisy of damage so the power evsten or serve,

‘While verily run attachments ‘wich improper elearances have
layed a large part ia ccusing aueh occurrences, any situation where

insufficient clearance berween power sm telephone facilities i pro
‘itm eee in similar ee

Tmphasis hs, therefore, beer plein present cay tana on the
nevewity of mainstinine proper tleastce ne well a strength of con
resin ba present hi ind abvarmal. Fxperencelasshown ta
mere Iie ceagnresareadserel this type alormal is kep oe
Feaeonable nin,

“The Joins General Corsaitte i avn care! cmnileation to the
svaier of eonetucsion stendares om joist ase poles, Penny the
fevetepmie uf nate e wer

sang has Keay ean a at US See a ne
isos wer wings nis, iy ave recommended the National
Blecrial Safety Cove Ie ae gue to practise.

Paoneciive Devices

Boch telephone axl supndy sires ane equippes with ntertive
stevices which are Gears ly Ce saat in pinciple. They may be
Hive into too ger eral ens
1 These which pre yma ron abwirwal yagasemsit ng
‘protector blocs in the elehoue pce and lighting aevesters
in the suppl ste

2, ‘These which sone sratecion fora shanna eu-sentnomeeing
of heat exile and fates in the telephone plant and fuses aad ie
ft breakers fa the supply system

‘hese protective deviow are vray defense aginst abormal
conditions which #isimpracticale wo avai either by design or theoush
fllerenne construetinn standard,

Tara when all practicable preceusions with regard to claeranee,
frength of construction and ingulation have been token, accidental
Treks accu in bets power and telephone wires. In some eases cheve

reget contacts between such wires. lier thar normal paeatia
fre alo inteceere rte te eine sl power cient by Fghening
fd other causes

cis ocause of the liieations of ywutectve devices and other 2
ceccive mcweure tut it sew wi eer tyes of wii hae been
inquestion Conskierabe diSerenres ut opinion exist betwten eng
nocie ce tothe deste of hazard vols’ i juin use heten telephone
Plane tnd ower siveils of vari types voltages, adams
ower.‘ prem las ivensed in iniportance as The use a higher
strilucion vollagee and greater generaLng capacity have Leen ers
Doge.

“This matte is undes investization by the Joint Subcomnttes on
Developaent and Research. Shdies ase now in progres in ove rural
ven and in one sir aren corer he overenadvarages at
Cisadvemiazes of she nse! higaesdisciution voltages and of join.
nar nih these woltages under ree eantions

he Ait experisital wor she hy the Joie? Subcommittee in
comeccion with ae rotlens sus adele staly of Vee chavaebere
SShcs of various types of vehi sty covered ll of the well
Kener comercial Iypes of telephone fuses and a nusher a eaperi=
ental models, Tae operating charactevistcn of thew Cunew were
obtained ae volts of 250) 00, 750 and 15,200, The eusveat
‘ange wes fiom 16 to 1000 amperes,” ‘These tests were caried oa it 2
Iaboratory where 20,000 kya. of generating capi wow availble
The tests showel the dependability that could be placed «yn he
‘varioun Fuser for interrupt voleage of the range from 2300 to 13.200,
elt, "They shoe umler wha’ ponditons the fuses could be de
ended upon and dhe ranges weve the availahle cype of fuses could mot
Se depended un for safe operation

“Anumber uf the experiwental models showed considerable promise
nf impovenene over existing meslels al his werk will be cae ied
ries tn selersine what improvements ca be made the operating
choracteristia of fuse,

“The est phase of the pavbler takes op jarladel stay af the
vigeatias characteristics of various (pee of evervoltage pwctectors
futabie lp wre om romsueation ceeuts, The experiments! work
fevered! bres with dget eurens, 60 cycle aleerating earcent
tr a complete study with » thmle ery oxeilegraph of the balvaie=
finder sec gave ot for earl lace prions, ae warn
tubes,

hese tete showed that ehe carbon blcleprutecor has breakfosn
point with all eypee of applied wave trons which is sufiient'y fast
Felli to poorer the insti thas Seca use the ensmniea
Ten plant, ae shown by simile tests om conderseraeé caste pwr.
The sori of shes back fief the= teal hy pretest
pul thecirvait when saying current foe ea: ppretiae Tegt of

"The tests Wits steep wave foncs were ued 19 a rae of rise of

6,500 alts pot niesstcand, nl it yee ecard Ly tee af
Propagacen of steep uve front vatagee txough telephone cable hat
{was practically impli Lo subject the pla to v.t2ges wth any
lancer ras of ree than those wed in sh poaeerer ata

Ihe pnlies of aden poonection ol the ete pla ise
tee, olive, cannot Se solved hy Ie devel of Th teghone
fretective devises lone. ‘The provative device in che power sytem,
bie enullyimporsaet

“One of the portent fusions of she peaeesevatem peotesive de
sows is shat of wearing power system aula ina reasonable tine inter
Sal. Obviously, telephone proteetive equipuent cannot be expected
te prevent damage ‘0 eeephone plant in case of contact between the
tree cleus of the two tities when per tem protertive devi.
Fai cnnpesate i the physi! cone of the ceeuis ie inlael uve
sn leit period of time

‘One problem in the development and seseavch work is the dsing uf
the part thatthe protectivedieieesom ea system wit playin abner
nol conditions. Tis necessary thut the versal protective mipment
bye arkjuate anc that the burden wf peerenring weakbeses ia the
protective mquipment af one sestem be not threwn on the prutectve
souipmeat of the other. There are iaevent Limitations in bork classes
‘f peoective equim Nha! mul be deine

‘Thereiory the next step in this investigation ie determination of
the overall eharacterstns u! poswercicuit and telephone ccc pro-
‘ection under oypieal conditions of euntact hetweea the tvo plants.

While prolertive devices age sm important element in connection
with joint use invlving retain types of power czeuts empioving the
Tighter disibucion wolty, there are also other important considera-
tions. Ihe general inslaton of the telephone plat mst ns be
considered, cereily ir connection with dsop loos tech to ae
fneeiing ubeeberé’ yremices, "These matters are alo being sued
by the Joint Scboomnstee

‘All the problems, ae is the eve of bers being studied by the
Joint General Comite, eco beng approached oa the bees of dece=
mining tie bet over-alloeveuriry oclation such that beth systeme cen
[ravi the’ servces ia she mew! convenient and economical manne

Tsnmoren Ceonastion

In che early story of joint ave, cose induction probleme involving
stucce lighting virvuitn spueaieds Otsec intersting probleme were
fncoustersl sul, for example, oe the aceicenta grounding of ne
‘corner of an sla lia parce system wh its resulting umlsces]
‘oltoge inuctive effets 01 operswie reentone circus, Which type
(F cekeplume coustuetinn then predominate!

Sx thew prublonis acase chy reel erful study’ ard with The
leven sul eqterded 3 of relehone cables and che ae 0
iinorowed opecsting meituxls iv ywncer avd cclephone distribction
severally, inductive coord-tien of uncer and telephone esteibution
Shsteae in the urfion enmmunities ecame Hess treble al dil
fot fora time rive any luge anoups ef eanileraton

awever, during erst year the intwoducsion and extended wse of
‘orions types mulligrouiaded dleibution spent derived ie Ue
Teper by Mess. Harton at] Siver andthe sine of certain type
CF Signaling en Iocal ceksphoae cuits hve coacribuced tower mth
fg imorcant the copederntion of ite alueive eects fn eornection
with joint use, This mater i eect wore uly in the paper by
Mere, Hasina and Silver

“The sechniee! fectirs involv in inductive coordinasion problenst
tuader joine ure condi are vompliested, The details regarding
these factors sd the rel of the estenive studies of Use mates
by tre Join Subomaitie on Develapment rel Research are described
in the pape: by Messrs, Wills and Reine!

The vatious operating problems whic lave arizen almost ince the
birth of the jonor aed veephine industies ana the investigations
flucted by the Joint Subeirimaiice 47 Development and Reseszch
seats the importante af i= careful cos aidevecin tothe indnrive
oovdinetion feature jiu use am’ a neuen this factor in ettos
Mf the relative advansagts ad disadvantages a joint uae as compared
Jwithsesmite fines Tie fsetor shold, of murae, be eoasicered from,
Toth its technical gd eee apes

‘Much ean be accomplished i. the iduetive eootdinasion of the rv
isribucing. systems by wooperuive advanoe planning Un urbar
ltcae wher the telephone ecuits are largely in rable there is about
2 two to one ration he inductive effect Between joint line ade
rate lines acioss the street Ty rural area where che telephone cre
re largely open sre, the ratio ofthe induetiveefeces on jine lines
SSommpared with separaee lines crise the Ty, i much greater
ther things being eal

Th urban areas the power anil ‘elephone companies can through
cooperative pnnrng requantly asvange to establish important power
fenders sd tieuone cenie an separate sere ane Uerely avoid
Tange iuctive e=ecte and permit ire exvensive aint wae ef branch,
Toes, Vela review of che equipment ihe power ard tle
home cteuis ad the inceodueiom of operating practises designed 0
Temit tie ieduetive evsceptiventey of the teleyuone circus and the
inaucsive intuesce of power crevile Toman iemportant pect of ad
ance placing and conperaten

Ae described in che pur ly Mewes, Wills and Blackwell, these
lnirerFaetorefneele tl ena ae Tmizasion of the odd tiple fre
fideney sesie arising in V-commmtnd yoru feeling ively othe
line and i single-phase cervive lenclormers, Suitable limitations
‘ol che unbulances existing among. the Tosds connect between the
thieesphase concise! the neutral, Hat the ground recura com

‘Grousding of aerial telephone cab sheath ro provide for increased
hileing and the wre! central ice ad sation equiprien: providing
Ur higher degre of ue wit yeapect eo ground are helpful

‘The master of joie ese may inv ve beh oral aad url. comma
ties” It ie mince generally sesecarel with the latter because of the
feveie limtetions in physical qa availabe for uitty use. Li: the
‘ae of rural bes whe tr telephone szests are lagely in pe wie
20 PBL SESE LHCRNICAL JOURNAL

and the esponurts hesweea pertcular cicuit are Tkely to be long, joins
tse i wot eiways practice, I= these cases locations for separate
Tines are usually evailable

Purchermor, ec ume in wal pref no aly eum fom
‘ pavely cometiuction sendin deco the fact that relatively longer
ans ean often be used on the power nes and bath utlices sce abe
in mary instances wo wee share and lighter poles thea wou:d be
oractcable in joint ase. Joint wee wich telephone ‘all cicuits or
vower sranenision nes Aas not, in general, bees found desieale
TTypee of conetraetion vary oo see ssl sevine reqicements An
inductive efecrs are sue il 5 Letmie aerenonmiesl ea eaery Ot
sch construction

Joint use of poles by power and telephone companies has siany
advantages, both (com the standpoine of the public ard from the
andpeiat of the wive using compenics, ‘This is especially tue ia
Dullt-up commits

TImportae problems brwighs abot by developments in practises,
pstievlarly inthe we of high vole distboun, remain to bes ved,
Cari talhereuce to yeumraly amped practons wit regant 1

legrancin, x reg: ctntrucion.inleton ad intive ple
‘lin i noteetry facade tat the advantages of joie uae can be
seeued

In consisting specie cases propesed fo: jit us, advisable that
all of ease tasorn he etdiod conpevatively fy the companies con
‘eunedl, to the end shat good service, ser antl ecomomy by eth cases
al uilcy may be pronased,

Itc important thor eversthing pratiraltle sould be dane to fst
tate jane uve siostruction an eaten is isefulss, ‘The Joint
Geveral Committee of the Nationa Hlsisie Light Awecalion aa
ull Telephone Systeme continuing its effort in this connection