Brothers in Arms : The Rise and Fall of the title: Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1945-1963 Cold War International History Project Series author: Westad, Odd Arne. publisher: Stanford University Press isbn10 | asin: 0804734844 print isbn13: 9780804734844 ebook isbn13: 9780585062839 language: English Soviet Union--Foreign relations--China, subject China--Foreign relations--Soviet Union. publication date: 1998 lcc: DK68.7.C5B75 1998eb ddc: 327.51047 Soviet Union--Foreign relations--China, subject: China--Foreign relations--Soviet Union. Page i Brothers in Arms Page ii Cold War International History Project Series James G. Hershberg series editor Page iii Brothers in Arms The Rise and Fall of the Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1945-1963 edited by Odd Arne Westad Woodrow Wilson Center Press Washington, D.C. Stanford University Press Stanford, California Page iv EDITORIAL OFFICES: The Woodrow Wilson Center Press One Woodrow Wilson Plaza 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20523 Telephone 202-691-4010 ORDER FROM: Stanford University Press CUP Distribution Center 110 Midland Avenue Port Chester, N.Y. 10573-4930 © 1998 by the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 2 4 6 8 9 7 5 3 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Brothers in arms: the rise and fall of the Sino-Soviet alliance, 1945-1963 / edited by Odd Arne Westad. p. cm. (Cold War International History Project series) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8007-3484-4 (cloth: alk. paper) ISBN 0-8007-3485-2 (pbk.: alk. paper) 1. Soviet UnionForeign relationsChina. 2. ChinaForeign relationsSoviet Union. I. Westad, Odd Arne. II. Series. DK68.7.C5B75 1998 327.51047dc21 98-42422 CIP Page v Contents Series Preface ix James G. Hershberg Preface xvii Odd Arne Westad Introduction 1 Odd Arne Westad 1. The Origins of the Sino-Soviet Alliance 47 Niu Jun 2. Stalin, Mac, and the End of the Korean War 90 Kathryn Weathersby 3. Soviet Advisors In China In the 1950s 117 Deborah A. Kaple 4. Sino-Soviet Military Cooperation 141 Sergei Goncharenko 5. The Sino-Soviet Alliance and the United States 165 Odd Arne Westad 6. Sino-Soviet Economic Cooperation 189 Shu Guang Zhang 7. Nikita Khrushchev and Sino-Soviet Relations 226 Constantine Pleshakov 8. Chinese Politics and the Collapse of the Sino-Soviet 246 Alliance Chen Jian and Yang Kuisong Appendix: Some Documents on Sino-Soviet Relations, 295 1948 to 1963 Contributors 391 Index 393 Page vii The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Board of Trustees Joseph H. Flom, Chair. Joseph A. Cad, Jr., Vice Chair. Ex Officio Members: Secretary of State, Secretary of Health and Human Services, Secretary of Education, Chair of the National Endowment for the Humanities, Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, Librarian of Congress, Director of the U.S. Information Agency, Archivist of the United States. Private Citizen Members: James A. Baker III, Steven Alan Bennett, Daniel L. Doctoroff, Jean L. Hennessey, Eli Jacobs, Daniel L. Lamaute, Paul Hae Park, S. Dillon Ripley. Designated Appointee of the President: Samuel R. Berger. The Center is the living memorial of the United States of America to the nation's twenty-eighth president, Woodrow Wilson. The Congress established the Woodrow Wilson Center in 1968 as an international institute for advanced study, "symbolizing and strengthening the fruitful relationship between the world of learning and the world of public affairs." The Center opened in 1970 under its own board of trustees. In all its activities, the Woodrow Wilson Center is a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization, supported financially by annual appropriations from the Congress and by the contributions of foundations, corporations, and individuals. Woodrow Wilson Center Press The Woodrow Wilson Center Press publishes books written in substantial part at the Center or otherwise prepared under its sponsorship by Fellows, Guest Scholars, staff members, and other program participants. Conclusions or opinions expressed in Center publications and programs are those of the authors and speakers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Center staff, fellows, trustees, advisory groups, or any individuals or organizations that provide financial support to the Center.