ebook img

British Cyprus and the Long Great War, 1914-1925: Empire, Loyalties and Democratic Deficit PDF

257 Pages·2019·10.113 MB·English
Save to my drive
Quick download
Download
Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.

Preview British Cyprus and the Long Great War, 1914-1925: Empire, Loyalties and Democratic Deficit

British Cyprus and the Long Great War, – 1914 1925 MostoftheCypriotpopulation,especiallythelowerclasses,remainedloyalto theBritishcauseduringtheGreatWarandtheislandcontributedsignificantly totheFirstWorldWar,withmenandmaterials.TheBritishacknowledgedthis yet failed to institute political and economic reforms once thewarended. The obsession of Greek Cypriot elites with enosis (union with Greece), which only increased after the war, and the British dismissal ofincreasing the role of Cypriots in government, bringing the Christian and Muslim communities closer,andexpandingfranchisetoallclassesandsexes,ledtoseriousproblems down the line, not least the development of a democratic deficit. Andrekos Varnavastudiestheeventsandtheimpactofthiscrucialperiod. Andrekos Varnava is an Associate Professor in Imperial History at Flinders University, Adelaide and an Honorary Professor at De Montfort University, Leicester. Routledge Studies in First World War History Series Editor: John Bourne The University of Birmingham, UK TheFirstWorldWarisasubjectofperennialinteresttohistoriansandisoften regarded as awatershed event, marking the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the ‘modern’ industrial world. The sheer scale of the conflict and massive loss of life means that it is constantly being assessed and reassessed to examine its lastingmilitary,political, sociological, industrial,cul- tural and economic impact. Reflecting the latest international scholarly research, the Routledge Studies in First World War History series provides a unique platform for the publication of monographs on all aspects of the GreatWar.Whilstthemainthrustoftheseriesisonthemilitaryaspectsofthe conflict, other related areas (including cultural, visual, literary, political and social) are also addressed. Books published are aimed primarily at a post- graduate academic audience, furthering exciting recent interpretations of the war, whilst still being accessible enough to appeal to a wider audience of educatedlayreaders. Also in this series British Cyprus and the Long Great War, 1914–1925: Empire, Loyalties and Democratic Deficit Andrekos Varnava Veterans of the First World War: Ex-Servicemen and Ex-Servicewomen in Post-War Britain and Ireland Edited by David Swift and Oliver Wilkinson Burying America’s World War Dead Tracy Fisher Policing the Home Front, 1914–1918 Mary Fraser The Great War in the Middle East: A Clash of Empires Edited by Robert Johnson and James E. Kitchen www.routledge.com/history/series/WWI British Cyprus and the Long – Great War, 1914 1925 Empire, Loyalties and Democratic fi De cit Andrekos Varnava Firstpublished2020 byRoutledge 2ParkSquare,MiltonPark,Abingdon,OxonOX144RN andbyRoutledge 711ThirdAvenue,NewYork,NY10017 RoutledgeisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroup,aninformabusiness ©2020AndrekosVarnava TherightofAndrekosVarnavatobeidentifiedasauthorofthis workhasbeenassertedbyhiminaccordancewithSections77and 78oftheCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereprintedor reproducedorutilisedinanyformorbyanyelectronic,mechanical, orothermeans,nowknownorhereafterinvented,including photocopyingandrecording,orinanyinformationstorageor retrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublishers. Trademarknotice:Productorcorporatenamesmaybetrademarks orregisteredtrademarks,andareusedonlyforidentificationand explanationwithoutintenttoinfringe. BritishLibraryCataloguing-in-PublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Names:Varnava,Andrekos,author. Title:BritishCyprusandthelongGreatWar,1914-1925:empire, loyaltiesanddemocraticdeficit/AndrekosVarnava. Description:Abingdon,Oxon;NewYork,NY:Routledge,2019.| Series:RoutledgestudiesinFirstWorldWarhistory|Includes bibliographicalreferencesandindex. Identifiers:LCCN2019008075|ISBN9781138698321(hardback)| ISBN9781315519418(ebook)|ISBN9781315519401(adobe)|ISBN 9781315519395(mobi)|ISBN9781315519388(epub) Subjects:LCSH:Cyprus–History–Britishrule,1878-1960.|World War,1914-1918–Cyprus.|Cyprus–Foreignrelations–GreatBritain.| GreatBritain–Foreignrelations–Cyprus. Classification:LCCDS54.8.V3652019|DDC940.3/5693–dc23 LCrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/2019008075 ISBN:978-1-138-69832-1(hbk) ISBN:978-1-315-51941-8(ebk) TypesetinTimesNewRoman byIntegraSoftwareServicesPvt.Ltd. I wanted to dedicate this book to my wonderful wife, Helen Komodromou-Varnava. Thanks for your support and patience. Contents Listoffigures viii Listoftables ix Acknowledgements x Listofabbreviations xii Introduction 1 1 BritishCyprus,1878–1915:Theinconsequentialpossession 14 2 Eliteloyalties:Enosis,theGreekschismandthe wareffort 36 3 Middleclassloyalties:Militaryintelligenceand thewareffort 61 4 Lowerclassloyalties:Cypriotsatwar 95 5 Refugeesandsettlers:Inclusivityandexclusivity 121 6 ‘RememberHeligoland’:RetainingCyprusagainstthe enosispolicy 155 7 Colonialism,enosisanddemocraticdeficit,1921–25 185 Conclusion 218 SelectedBibliography 222 Index 235 Figures 1.1 TheLocationofCyprus.Source:©DrAndrekosVarnava,2007. 15 1.2 MapofCyprus.Source:©AndrekosVarnava,2005. 15 2.1 PortraitofArchbishopKyrillosIIIattheArchbishopricin Nicosia.Source:Archbishopric,Nicosia.CourtesyoftheHoly Archbishopric,Nicosia,Cyprus. 39 3.1 CapturedGermanaerialphotoofFamagusta.Source:SA1/1147/ 1918.CourtesyoftheCypriotStateArchives. 68 3.2 MapofPOWCamp.Source:SA1/1147/1918:Courtesyofthe CypriotStateArchives. 73 3.3 PhotoofSnuffBox,‘TurkishPrisonersCyprus1917’.Source: ©AssociateProfessorAndrekosVarnava,2019. 73 3.4 PhotoofPOWCampandPrivateHenryMillerSmith, RoyalScots.Source:©NeilSmith,2019. 78 3.5 PhotoofColonelE.A.Howe,withPrivateHenryMillerSmith, RoyalScots,andothermen.Source:©NeilSmith,2019. 79 4.1 Cypriotmuleteers1917,PhotoI.Source:CanonFrank Newham’strunk.CourtesyoftheOfficeoftheSecretaryofthe BoardofGovernors,NicosiaEnglishSchool. 98 4.2 Cypriotmuleteers1917,PhotoII.Source:CanonFrank Newham’strunk.CourtesyoftheOfficeoftheSecretaryofthe BoardofGovernors,NicosiaEnglishSchool. 98 4.3 Muleteersenlisting,withCanonNewmanandZaptiehs.Source: CanonFrankNewham’strunk.CourtesyoftheOfficeofthe SecretaryoftheBoardofGovernors,NicosiaEnglishSchool. 99 7.1 SirMalcolmStevenson,HighCommissionerandGovernorof Cyprus(1919–26).Source:NationalPortraitGallery. 187 Tables 1.1 ReligiousDistributionofPopulation1881–1921 21 1.2 EmploymentandUnemploymentnumbers,1891–1921 24 1.3 MainOccupations1891–1921 25 5.1 NumberofrefugeesarrivingfromMersina,7–21 November1921 138 5.2 RefugeeArrivalsfortheyearto27November1921 142

See more

The list of books you might like

Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.