bringing europe down to earth - Lund University Publications

270 Pages·2016·2.42 MB·English

Bringing Europe Down to Earth
Hellström, Anders
2006
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Citation for published version (APA):
Hellström, A. (2006). Bringing Europe Down to Earth. [Doctoral Thesis (monograph), Department of Political
Science]. Department of Political Science, Lund University.
Total number of authors:
1
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LUND UNIVERSITY
PO Box 117
221 00 Lund
[phone]
bringing europe down to earth
2
bringing europe down to earth
Anders Hellström
Lund Political Studies 144
Department of Political Science
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© Anders Hellström
ISBN 91-88306-64-X
Lund Political Studies 144
ISSN 0460-0037
Cover Design: Nils-Olof Önning, Magnus Torstensson, Livia
Sunesson & Robert Carreño.
Typography: Stefan Andersson & Anders Hellström.
Printed 2006 by print@soc, Lund.
Distribution:
Department of Political Science,
Lund University
Box 52
SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
email: [email protected]
http://www.svet.lu.se/lps/lps.html.
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CONTENTS
1. THE NEW EUROPE....................................................................15
THE NEW EUROPE.....................................................................................16
A SITE OF STRUGGLE............................................................................................17
AIM OF THE STUDY................................................................................................20
BRINGING EUROPE DOWN TO EARTH........................................................21
EU INTEGRATION AND EUROPEAN IDENTIFICATION.......................25
THE HORIZON OF EXPECTATIONS................................................................26
THE ART OF BRINGING EUROPE DOWN TO EARTH........................29
EUROPE AND THE NATIONS.............................................................................31
REAL EUROPEANS AND THE OTHERS..........................................................32
2. WHAT WE ARE............................................................................35
WHAT WE ARE.............................................................................................38
WHAT I AM..................................................................................................................38
WHAT I AM NOT.......................................................................................................42
INTERPELLATION AND IDENTIFICATION.................................................43
UNDER MY SKIN.......................................................................................................44
IDENTITY POLITICS..................................................................................47
SPEAKING FROM POSITIONS.............................................................................48
THE POLITICS OF IDENTITY...................................................................50
THERE IS NO CENTRE, AND YET THERE IS...............................................51
POLITICS AS THE PARTIAL FIXATION OF MEANING............................54
FROM A CONCEPTUAL LABYRINTH TO CONCEPTUAL
CLARIFICATIONS......................................................................................................55
EPILOGUE...................................................................................................................60
3. THE NEW EUROPEAN NATIONALISM.................................61
IN THE NAME OF EUROPE......................................................................64
THE EUROPEAN NATION....................................................................................66
THE NEW EUROPEAN NATIONALISM...........................................................68
ETHNIC AND CIVIC NATIONALISMS..............................................................71
COSMOPOLITAN NATIONALISM............................................................73
THE COSMOPOLITAN MAN.................................................................................75
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UNITY-IN-DIVERSITY................................................................................77
UNITY –THE DISTANT PAST...............................................................................78
UNITY - THE NEAR PAST AND ON TO THE FUTURE.............................79
DIVERSITY...................................................................................................................82
UNITY-IN-DIVERSITY.............................................................................................84
COSMOS IS WHY OUR NATIONALISM IS GOOD...................................85
CONSTITUTIONAL PATRIOTISM......................................................................87
EPILOGUE...................................................................................................................89
4. THE KING IS DEAD, LONG LIVE THE KING.......................91
THE NATION IS DEAD: LONG LIVE EUROPE.....................................94
THE SHOW MUST GO ON..........................................................................96
FEDERALISM BUT NO FEDERATION.............................................................97
FEDERATION THROUGH FUNCTIONALIST MEANS.............................99
THE STATE STRIKES BACK................................................................................101
TECHNOCRACY AS IDEOLOGY......................................................................102
THE FOUNDING FATHERS TODAY......................................................104
DEAD AND ALIVE.................................................................................................106
5. TEACHING EUROPEANS HOW TO BE EUROPEANS.......108
PRODUCING KNOWLEDGE OF EUROPE..............................................111
KNOWING EUROPE..............................................................................................112
THE QUESTION OF EUROPE ON DOMESTIC SCENES.........................112
THE CASE OF IRELAND...........................................................................115
DISAPPOINTMENT, BUT THERE IS NO TURNING BACK…...............117
THE TREATY OF NICE AS MORAL OBLIGATION...................................118
EUROPEAN PEOPLE WANT EUROPE...........................................................120
BEFORE JUNE 7.......................................................................................................122
AFTER JUNE 7...........................................................................................................124
LEARNING EUROPE.............................................................................................125
THE CASE OF SWEDEN............................................................................127
EUROLAND...............................................................................................................128
BEFORE SEPTEMBER 14......................................................................................130
MAIN TOPICS IN THE DEBATE.......................................................................131
AFTER SEPTEMBER 14..........................................................................................134
CONSEQUENCES....................................................................................................135
COMMUNICATING EUROPE.............................................................................136
THE CASE OF FRANCE............................................................................137
BEFORE MAY 29......................................................................................................139
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EUROPE NEEDS FRANCE NEEDS EUROPE...............................................139
WE DO WANT EUROPE… A DIFFERENT EUROPE................................142
AFTER MAY 29.........................................................................................................144
THE HEART VOTING AGAINST THE BODY..............................................145
THERE IS NO PLAN B...........................................................................................148
EXPLAINING EUROPE.........................................................................................150
KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION IN EUROPEAN INTEGRATION.......153
6. EUROPE IN PERIL....................................................................157
WHAT WE ARE AFRAID OF......................................................................160
FOCUS OF THE CHAPTER..................................................................................160
A GENUINE AREA OF FREEDOM, SECURITY AND JUSTICE.............162
SECURITY AND CULTURE......................................................................163
WE WOULD START WITH CULTURE.............................................................165
IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION AND CONSTITUTIVE THREATS..........168
FROM TAMPERE TO LAEKEN................................................................170
THE TAMPERE MILESTONES...........................................................................171
THE MISSING LINK...............................................................................................173
FROM LAEKEN TO BRUSSELS................................................................176
WE HAVE TO STAY TOGETHER......................................................................180
NEITHER GOD NOR GLOBALISATION................................................182
WELCOME IN EUROPE........................................................................................184
7. BRUSSELS AND POPULISM....................................................187
WE ARE NOT LIKE THEM.......................................................................190
RACISM DISCLAIMED...........................................................................................191
ELITE CONSENSUS...................................................................................193
INSECURITY AND INDIFFERENCE...............................................................195
ANTI-EUROPE..........................................................................................................197
POPULAR CONSENSUS............................................................................200
IMMIGRATION IS DANGEROUS........................................................................................201
THE PATRIA IS SET UNDER THREAT..............................................................................202
FRIENDS OF THE PEOPLE...................................................................................................203
THE FOURTH WAY..................................................................................................................206
MUTUAL DEPENDENCY.........................................................................207
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8. CONSENSUS IS DANGEROUS................................................210
WE DO NOT KNOW AND YET WE DO....................................................211
GOOD AND BAD EUROPEANS................................................................214
WANTED IN EUROPE...........................................................................................219
EXPERIENCES AND EXPECTATIONS..................................................224
FROM CHANCE TO DESTINY TO POLITICS..............................................227
WE ARE THE GOOD GUYS................................................................................228
REFERENCES................................................................................230
BOOKS, ANTHOLOGY CHAPTER AND ARTICLES.................................231
SPEECHES AND OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS...................................................247
OTHER MATERIAL.................................................................................................253
Lund Political Studies...................................................................................255
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FÖRORD
Jag och mina vänner hade temafest i Malmö. Varje rum hade ett eget tema
med anpassad musik och temaspecifika inredningsdetaljer. Sovrummet blev
till körsbärsdalen, vardagsrummet förvandlades till ”stora dans” och vad
som egentligen hände i “rum revolution” har jag fortfarande inte riktigt fått
klarhet i. Köket gjordes om till “salong spisdunk” och föga förvånande
spelades där allt annat än mingelvänlig musik. På så vis kunde vi undvika
“köksfestscenariet”, vilket innebär att flertalet gäster flyr högtalarnas
pockande på uppmärksamhet för att istället flockas och svettas i ett trångt
och illaluktande kök. Kanske vill jag med detta förord just mana till dans,
en förhoppning om att du som läsare emellanåt studsar ut från köket och in
i körsbärsdalen eller var du nu önskar bege dig. De flesta kapitel kan läsas
relativt självständigt från varandra och om du så önskar slipper du ta reda
på vad som egentligen hände i “rum revolution”.
Nu har vi klarat av momentet ”smålustig inledning” och säkert är
några av er ivriga att finna just ert namn i den tackkavalkad som brukar
finns i dessa, avhandlingens mest lästa, sidor. Vi får väl se. Jag vill inleda
med att uppmärksamma Krisberedskapsmyndigheten (KBM), Svenska
nätverket för Europaforskning i Statsvetenskap, Crafoordska stiftelsen,
Stiftelsen Lars Hiertas minnesfond, samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten och
statsvetenskapliga institutionen vid Lunds Universitet. Tack vare finansiella
förstärkningar från nämnda bidragsgivare har jag fått möjlighet att resa på
konferenser, införskaffa litteratur och andra faciliteter som underlättat
tillvaron som doktorand. Ibland måste man jobba för sin lön. Tack till
Gunilla Jarlbro och Ole Elgström för er förmåga att ordna extraknäck, och
tack till Marja Åkerström som tillsammans med mig hetsade fram en
ambitiös medierapport om Sveriges ordförandeskapsperiod i EU. En annan
kategori som förtjänar ett kollektivt tack är de tidsskrifter (European
Societies, European Legacy och Geografiska Annaler, series B) och
antologiredaktörer som givit mig tillstånd att återanvända visst material i
denna bok. Intellektuell stimulans och kloka kommentarer har jag fått på
diverse konferenser i allt från Mexico City till Loka Brunn. Tack alla
medverkande. Lorenza Sebesta ska ha ett särskild tack för att hon tog emot
mig som gästlärare vid Punto Europa i Forlí.
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