Brill’sCompaniontoCassiusDio Brill’s Companions to Classical Studies Thetitlespublishedinthisseriesarelistedatbrill.com/bccs Brill’s Companion to Cassius Dio Editedby JesperMajbomMadsen AndrewG.Scott leiden | boston Coverillustration:Carnelianringstoneca.208–209A.D.PortraitsofSeptimiusSeverus,JuliaDomna, CaracallaandGeta.TheMetFifthAvenue.PublicDomain. TheLibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataisavailableonlineathttps://catalog.loc.gov lcrecordavailableathttp://lccn.loc.gov/2022045517 TypefacefortheLatin,Greek,andCyrillicscripts:“Brill”.Seeanddownload:brill.com/brill‑typeface. issn1872-3357 isbn978-90-04-52417-0(hardback) isbn978-90-04-52418-7(e-book) Copyright2023byJesperMajbomMadsenandAndrewG.Scott.PublishedbyKoninklijkeBrillnv,Leiden, TheNetherlands. KoninklijkeBrillnvincorporatestheimprintsBrill,BrillNijhoff,BrillHotei,BrillSchöningh,BrillFink, Brillmentis,Vandenhoeck&Ruprecht,Böhlau,V&RunipressandWageningenAcademic. KoninklijkeBrillnvreservestherighttoprotectthispublicationagainstunauthorizeduse.Requestsfor re-useand/ortranslationsmustbeaddressedtoKoninklijkeBrillnvviabrill.comorcopyright.com. Thisbookisprintedonacid-freepaperandproducedinasustainablemanner. Contents NotesonContributors ix Introduction:ReviewingCassiusDio 1 JesperMajbomMadsenandAndrewG.Scott part 1 CassiusDio,GreekIntellectualandRomanPolitician 1 CassiusDio’sBithynianBackground 21 TønnesBekker-Nielsen 2 CassiusDio’sGreekandRomanIdentity 48 SulochanaR.Asirvatham 3 CassiusDioandGreco-RomanHistoriography 69 LukePitcher 4 TheSenator’sStory 88 CaillanDavenport part 2 TextandReception 5 FromDeconstructiontoReconstruction:CassiusDio’sRomanHistoryin WesternEurope,1421–1750 109 ChristopherT.Mallan 6 CassiusDioinGibbon 132 JosiahOsgood 7 ASurveyofRecentScholarshiponCassiusDio 154 AdamM.Kemezis vi contents part 3 ChronologicalSurveys 8 TheLostBooksofCassiusDio’sRomanHistory(1–35) 201 ChristopherBaron 9 CassiusDioandtheLastDecad(e)softheRomanRepublic: UnderstandingtheCollapseoftheRepublicanRegime(Books 21–50) 223 EstelleBertrand 10 TheAlmostFlawlessPrinceps:CassiusDio’sIdealizedPortraitof Octavian/Augustus 246 JesperMajbomMadsen 11 CassiusDioandtheJulio-Claudians:FearandLoathingintheEarly Principate 276 EleanorCowan 12 CassiusDioandtheEmperors:FromtheFlavianstothe Antonines 302 AntonioPistellato 13 CassiusDioandtheAgeofIronandRust 324 AndrewG.Scott part 4 KeyThemes 14 TheRepublicanSpeeches 351 MarianneCoudry 15 TheAgrippa-MaecenasDebate 371 ChristopherBurden-Strevens 16 “ToBuryCaesar”:ThePoeticsandPolemicsofFuneraryOratoryin CassiusDio 406 RogerRees contents vii 17 Women,Politics,andMoralityinCassiusDio’sRomanHistory 427 CaitlinC.Gillespie 18 CassiusDioonCivilWar:BetweenHistoryandTheory 453 CarstenH.Lange IndexLocorum 479 GeneralIndex 500 Notes on Contributors SulochanaAsirvatham isProfessorofClassicsandGeneralHumanitiesatMontclairStateUniversity. HermainresearchinterestsincludethereceptionofAlexandertheGreatand theMacedoniansinimperialGreekliteratureandintheAlexander-Romance tradition,GreekandRomanidentity,andancienthistoryandhistoriography. She is the co-editor of Between Magic and Religion: Interdisciplinary Stud- ies in Ancient Mediterranean Religion and Society (2001) and The Courts of PhilipIIandAlexandertheGreat:MonarchyandPowerinAncientMacedonia (2022). ChristopherBaron is an Associate Professor of Classics at the University of Notre Dame (South Bend,IN,USA).HespecializesinGreekandRomanhistoriographyandGreek history,especiallyintheHellenisticandImperialages.Hispublicationsinclude Timaeus of Tauromenium and Hellenistic Historiography (Cambridge, 2013); CassiusDioandtheLateRomanRepublic,co-editedwithJosiahOsgood(Brill, 2019); The Herodotus Encyclopedia (Wiley, 2021); and numerous articles and chapters.HisnextbookwillinvestigatetheGreekhistoriansundertheRoman Empire, including their place in the Greek historiographical tradition, their attitudetoRomanpower,andtheirrelationshipwiththeSecondSophistic. TønnesBekker-Nielsen wasborninCopenhagenin1955andstudiedhistoryandarthistoryattheUni- versityofAarhus,graduatingin1981,earninghisPh.D.in1987andthehigher degree in 2003. From 1985 to 2000 he was CEO of Aarhus University Press andfrom1992to1997servedaspresidentof theInternationalAssociationof Scholarly Publishers. He left publishing in 2000 to take up a position at the UniversityofSouthernDenmark,wherehetaughtancienthistoryandepigra- phyuntilhisretirementin2022anddirectedtheresearchproject“WhereEast meetsWest:Urbanisation,provincialisationandculturalinteractioninRoman Anatolia”(2012–2015).Hehaswrittenoreditedanumberof booksincluding TheGeographyof Power (Oxford1988),TheRoadsof AncientCyprus(Copen- hagen2003),UrbanLifeandLocalPoliticsinRomanBithynia:TheSmallWorld of DionChrysostomos(Aarhus2008)andTheInlandSeas:TowardsanEcohis- tory of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea (Stuttgart 2016). Currently he is writingamonographonthehistoryof ancientNeoklaudiopolis(present-day VezirköprüinnorthernTurkey). x notes on contributors ChristopherBurden-Strevens (Ph.D. 2015, University of Glasgow) is Lecturer in Roman History at the Uni- versityofKent.HehaspublishedextensivelyonCassiusDio,includinga2020 monograph (Cassius Dio’s Speeches and the Collapse of the Roman Republic, Brill: Leiden & Boston), two edited volumes (most recently Cassius Dio and thePrincipate,EdizioniCa’Foscari:Venice2021,withJesperMadsen&Anto- nioPistellato),andnumerousshorterstudies.Moregenerallyheisinterestedin allaspectsofthepoliticsoftheLateRepublic,especiallyrhetoricandpolitical leadership,onwhichhehasjustpublishedathirdcollectivework(Leadership andPoliticalInitiativeinLateRepublican&EarlyImperialRome,Brill:Leiden& Boston2022,withDr.RomanFrolov).Heiscurrentlyworkingonanewproject onthereceptionandmemoryoftheRomanRepublicintheFrenchEnlighten- mentandRevolution. MarianneCoudry (Emeritus Professor of Roman History, Université de Haute-Alsace, FR) is a specialistof theRomanSenateof theMid-andLateRepublic,andmoregen- erally of the political culture and society of the Roman Republic. Her thesis about decision-making in the Republican Senate was re-edited in 2020, and a collection of papers written between 1982 and 2019, and updated, Senatus. Treizeétudes,waspublishedin2021(Steiner,Stuttgart).Shehaswrittenonsev- eralRomanlawsfortheLEPORdatabase(http://www.cn‑telma.fr/lepor/)and isalsoengagedinGreekandRomanhistoriography,mostlywithCassiusDio. Sheistheauthor,withGuyLachenaud,oftheedition-translation-commentary of Cassius Dio’s Roman History, books 36–37 and books 38-39-40 in the Col- lection des Universités de France, Paris (2014 and 2011), and she gave sev- eralcontributionsinacollectivevolumeissuedinBordeauxin2016:Cassius Dion:Nouvelleslectures,V.Fromentinetal.(eds).Sheparticipatedinthreeof Brill’scollectionof volumesaboutCassiusDio:CassiusDio,GreekIntellectual andRomanPolitician,2016;CassiusDio’sForgottenHistoryof EarlyRome.The RomanHistory,Books1–21,2019,andCassiusDioandtheLateRomanRepublic, 2019. EleanorCowan isanancienthistorianintheDepartmentof ClassicsandAncientHistoryat theUniversityofSydney.Herresearchconcentratesoncommunitiesinconflict andpost-conflict,onthehistoryof ideas,theintersectionof lawandpolitics andonClassicalhistoriography.ShehaspublishedwidelyontheLateRoman Republic and Early Imperial Rome. Recent publications include “Contesting Clementia.TherhetoricofseveritasinTiberianRomebeforeandafterthetrial