Brill’s Companion to Aphrodite

65 Pages·2010·0.93 MB·English

Brill’s Companion to Aphrodite
Editedby
Amy C. Smith and Sadie Pickup
LEIDEN•BOSTON
2010
Onthecover:AnAtticblack-figureamphora,featuringAphroditeandPoseidon,ca.520bc.
London,BritishMuseumB254.DrawingafterLenormant,deWitte,Élitedesmonuments
céramographiques.Matériauxpourl’histoiredesreligionsetdesmoeursdel’antiquité(Paris,
1844–1861),3,pl.15.
Thisbookisprintedonacid-freepaper.
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Brill'scompaniontoaphrodite/editedbyAmyC.Smith&SadiePickup.
p.cm.
EmergedfromaconferenceattheUniversityofReading,May8-10,2008.
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN978-90-04-18003-1(hardback:alk.paper)
1.Aphrodite(Greekdeity)–Congresses.I.Smith,AmyClaire,1966-II.Title.
BL820.V5B742010
292.2'114–dc22
2009052569
ISSN 1872-3357
ISBN 9789004180031
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CONTENTS
Acknowledgments..................................................... ix
Abbreviations .......................................................... xi
Listofillustrations..................................................... xiii
introduction
ChapterOne FlourishingAphrodite:AnOverview................ 3
VincianePirenne-Delforge(UniversityofLiège)
ChapterTwo BuddingAphrodite:IntotheFuture ................. 17
SadiePickup(UniversityofOxford)and
AmyC.Smith(UniversityofReading)
partone
aphrodite’s identity
ChapterThree Aphrodite:TheGoddessofAppearances........... 29
VeredLevKenaan(UniversityofHaifa)
ChapterFour Oquamtememorem,virgo?InterpretingVenusin
Aeneid.–................................................... 51
JamesBurbidge(UniversityofOxford)
ChapterFive AphroditeEnoplion ................................... 79
StephanieL.Budin(RutgersUniversity)
ChapterSix RethinkingAphroditeasaGoddessatWork.......... 113
GabriellaPironti(UniversityofNaples)
vi contents
parttwo
aphrodite’s companions andrelations
ChapterSeven TheSongofAresandAphrodite:Aˇsertuon
Skheria .............................................................. 133
AnnetteTeffeteller(ConcordiaUniversity,Montreal)
ChapterEight Father-DaughterDynamicsintheIliad:TheRole
ofAphroditeinDefiningZeus’Regime............................ 151
KassandraJackson(UniversityofChicago)
partthree
thespreadofaphrodite’s cults
ChapterNine ImagesofCypriotAphroditeinherSanctuaries
duringtheAgeoftheCity-Kingdoms.............................. 167
AnjaUlbrich(UniversityofOxford)
ChapterTen AphroditeontheAkropolis:EvidencefromAttic
Pottery............................................................... 195
ElisabettaPala(UniversityofCagliari)
ChapterEleven AphroditeandtheFleetinClassicalAthens ...... 217
ChryssanthiPapadopoulou(King’sCollege,UniversityofLondon)
ChapterTwelve EncounteringtheWorldofAphroditeonthe
WesternGreekMainland........................................... 235
AlexanderNagel(UniversityofMichigan)
ChapterThirteen TheArchitecturalSettingoftheKnidian
Aphrodite ........................................................... 251
SophieMontel(UniversityofParisOuestNanterre—LaDéfense)
ChapterFourteen InteractiveAphrodite:GreekResponsestothe
IdeaofAphroditeasAncestressoftheRomans ................... 269
JennyWallensten(SwedishInstitute,Athens)
contents vii
partfour
thereception ofthegoddess
ChapterFifteen AugustanAphrodites:TheAllureofGreekArt
inRomanVisualCulture ........................................... 287
RachelKousser(CityUniversityofNewYork,Brooklyn)
ChapterSixteen AphroditeandtheSpectacleofthe
AmphitheatreinRomanAfrica .................................... 307
MargheritaCarucci(HelsinkiCollegiumforAdvancedStudies)
ChapterSeventeen AphroditeinLateAntiqueandMedieval
Byzantium........................................................... 321
AnthousaPapagiannaki(UniversityofOxford)
ChapterEighteen AphroditeDeconstructed:Botticelli’sVenus
andMarsintheNationalGallery,London......................... 347
DavidBellingham(Sotheby’sInstituteofArt,London)
ChapterNineteen ReflectionsinaMirror:Bonnard’sAphrodite.. 375
AnnaGruetznerRobins(UniversityofReading)
Bibliography ........................................................... 387
PeriodizationofAntiquity............................................. 421
GeneralIndex.......................................................... 423
GeographicIndex...................................................... 433
IndexofPersonalNames .............................................. 437
Monumenta............................................................ 443
Testimonia ............................................................. 449
ABBREVIATIONS
AA ArchäologischerAnzeiger
ABV Beazley,JohnD.,AtticBlack-FigureVase-Painters(Oxford,)
AJA AmericanJournalofArchaeology
AM MitteilungendesDeutschenArchäologischenInstituts.Athenische
Abteilung
ARV2 Beazley,JohnD.,AtticRed-FigureVase-Painters,nded.(Oxford,
)
BAPD BeazleyArchivePotteryDatabase,OxfordUniversity
www.beazley.ox.ac.uk/databases/pottery.htm
! "
BCH BulletindeCorrespondenceHellénique
BSA AnnualoftheBritishSchoolatAthens
CHD Güterbock,HansG.,HarryA.Hoffner,Jr.,andTheoP.J.vanden
Hout,eds.,TheHittiteDictionaryoftheOrientalInstituteofthe
UniversityofChicago(Chicago,–)
CIG CorpusInscriptionumGraecarum(–)
CQ ClassicalQuarterly
CVA CorpusVasorumAntiquorum
FHG Müller,C.,FragmentaHistoricorumGraecorum(–)
IG InscriptionesGraecae(–)
IGRom. InscriptionesGraecaeadresRomanaspertinentes(–)
JHS JournalofHellenicStudies
JRA JournalofRomanArchaeology
LIMC LexiconIconographicumMythologiaeClassicae(Zurich,–)
OCD Hornblower,Simon,andAnthonySpawforth,eds.,TheOxford
ClassicalDictionary,rded.(Oxford,)
RDAC ReportoftheDepartmentofAntiquitues,Cyprus
SEG SupplementumepigraphicumGraecum(Amsterdam,–)
TAPA TransactionsandProceedingsoftheAmericanPhilogicalAssociation
AbbreviationsofprimarysourcesfollowthosegiveninOCD.
ILLUSTRATIONS
. TerracottafromSalamis,Cyprus,fourthcenturybc.London,British
Museum,A.PhotographbyThomasKiely©TheTrusteesofthe
BritishMuseum.
. DrawingofbronzefigurineexcavatedatSparta,fourth–thirdcenturies
bc.DrawingbyPaulC.Butler,afterSolima,“Era,ArtemideeAfrodite,”
fig.,usedwithkindpermission.
. MarblestatuefromEpidauros,Roman.Athens,NationalArchaeological
Museum,NM.Photo:Alinari/ArtResource,NewYork.
. GelonGem,Hellenistic(ca.bc).MuseumofFineArts,Boston,
..Photograph©MuseumofFineArts,Boston.
. Atticblack-figuredinosbyLydos,mid-sixthcenturybc.Drawingby
PaulC.Butler,usedwithkindpermission.
. BronzefigurinefrombuildinggammaatGravisca.Tarquinia,Museo
Archeologico,/.DrawingbyPaulC.Butler,usedwithkind
permission.
. BronzefigurinefrombuildinggammaatGravisca.Tarquinia,Museo
Archeologico,/.DrawingbyPaulC.Butler,usedwithkind
permission.
. CoinofOctavian.FromForumAncientCoins,
www.forumancientcoins.com,usedwithkindpermission.
. Bronzemirrorback,Roman.Berlin,StaatlicheMuseen.Imageafter
Flemberg,VenusArmata,fig..
. PlasmaintagliodepictingVenusVictrix,firstcenturyad.Beazley
Archive(formerlyMarlboroughCollection).BeazleyArchive,
OxfordUniversity,www.beazley.ox.ac.uk/gems.PhotographbyClaudia
Wagner,usedwithkindpermission.
. MarblesculptureofArmedAphrodite,Roman.PafosDistrictMuseum,
FR/.Permissiontopublishthisphotographhasbeengivenby
kindcourtesyoftheDirectoroftheDepartmentofAntiquities,Republic
ofCyprus.
. MarblesculptureofVenusVictrix,secondcenturyad.Paris,Louvre
Museum,MA.Photo:RéuniondesMuséesNationaux/Art
Resource/NewYork.
. AnAtticblack-figureamphora,featuringAphroditeandPoseidon,
ca.bc.London,BritishMuseumB.DrawingafterLenormant,de
Witte,Élitedesmonumentscéramographiques.Matériauxpourl’histoire
desreligionsetdesmoeursdel’antiquité(Paris,–),,pl..
xiv illustrations
. MapofCypruswithallcity-kingdomsandothercultplacesmentioned
inthetext.DrawingAnjaUlbrich.
. Goddesswithupliftedarms,fromPalaepaphos.BritishMuseum,
London,.–..ImageafterKarageorghis,TheCoroplasticArtof
AncientCyprus,,pl..,courtesyoftheBritishMuseum,London.
. Astartefigurine,fromAmathous.BritishMuseum,London,.–
..ImageafterKarageorghis,TheCoroplasticArtofAncientCyprus,,
pl..,courtesyoftheBritishMuseum,London.
. DeaTyriagravida,fromperhapsKition.LouvreMuseum,Paris.
DrawingfromGeorgesPerrotandCharlesChipiez,Histoiredel’art
dansl’antiquité,(Paris,),p.fig..
. KourotrophosfromKition.ArchaeologicalDistrictMuseumof
Larnaca,Kition/,AreaII/.ImageafterKarageorghis,
TheCoroplasticArtofAncientCyprus,,pl..,courtesyofthe
DepartmentofAntiquities,Cyprus.
. Goddesswithvegetalcrown,fromIdalion.BerlinMuseums,
Antiquarium(),inv.M.J.,(intheyear).Image
fromOhnefalsch-Richter,Kypros,dieBibelundHomer,pl...
. Hathor-capital,fromKition.LouvreMuseum,Paris:Department
ofOrientalAntiquities,AM.ImageafterHermary,“Unnouveau
chapiteauHathorique,”p.fig..
. Goddesswithlionsandturretedcrown,fromAchna.Presentlocation
unknown.DrawingfromOhnefalsch-Richter,Kypros,dieBibelund
Homer,pl...
. AphroditewithvegetalKalathosandEros,fromGolgoi.NewYork,
MetropolitanMuseumofArt,TheCesnolaCollection,Purchasedby
subscription,–(..).Image©MetropolitanMuseum
ofArt.
. AphroditewithErosandHimeros,onanAtticblack-figurepinax
fragment,ca.bc.Athens,NationalArchaeologicalMuseum,Akr.
.PhotocourtesyNationalArchaeologicalMuseum,Athens.
. ProcessionofgodsonanAtticblack-figurekantharosfragment,
ca.bc.Athens.NationalArchaeologicalMuseum,Akr..Photo
courtesyNationalArchaeologicalMuseum,Athens.
. ErosandAphrodite(?)onanAtticblack-figurekantharos(?)
fragmentfromNaukratis,ca.–bc.London,BritishMuseum
..(B.).Photo©TheTrusteesoftheBritishMuseum.
. AduelbetweenAineiasandAchilles,onanAtticblack-figureamphora
fragment,ca.–bc.Athens,NationalArchaeologicalMuseum
Akr..DrawingafterGraefandLanglotz,DieAntikenVasen,,
pl...
. AphroditeandtheArrephoroi(?),onanAtticred-figurehydria
fragment,attributedtotheKleophonPainter,ca.–bc.Tübingen,
Universität,InstitutfürKlassischeArchäologieE,ca.–bc.
CourtesyInstitutfürKlassischeArchäologie,Tübingen.
. MapshowingAphrodite’sshrinesontheAkropolisanditsslopes,after
Travlos,Bildexikon,fig..
illustrations xv
. MapofthePiraeuspeninsulawithmarkedpointsdiscussedinthis
chapter.MapbyCixxdesign,afterGarland,ThePiraeus,fig..
. BirthofAphroditefromthesea,onanAtticred-figurepyxisattributed
totheWeddingPainter,ca.–bc.NewYork,TheMetropolitan
MuseumofArt,FletcherFund,(..a,b).Image©The
MetropolitanMuseumofArt.
. AnodosofAphroditefromtheearth,onanAtticred-figureskyphos
attributedtothePenthesileaPainter,ca.bc.MuseumofFineArts,
Boston,HenryLilliePierceFund,..Photograph©Museum
ofFineArts,Boston.
. Aphroditeridingaswanoverthesea,onanAtticred-figurelekythos,
ca.bc.Oxford,AshmoleanMuseum,AN..ImagebyCixx
design,afterJ.ArthurR.Munro,“ExcavationsinCyprus:ThirdSeason’s
Work—polistesChrysochou,”JHS(),pl..
. Aphroditeridingashell,onanAtticred-figurebellkrater,ca.–
bc,acquiredinLaurionin.Dresden,StaatlicheKunstsammlungen,
AlbertinumZV.Imagereproducedwiththekindestpermissionof
theStaatlicheKunstsammlungenDresden.
. FigurineexcavatedincultdepositnearStratosin.Arta,
ArchaeologicalMuseum,inv..Photo:author.
. Schematicdrawingofthefigurineshowninfigure.Drawing:author.
. ThewesternGreekmainlandandadjacentareaswiththesites
mentionedinthischapter:Leukas,Aktion,Kassope,Ambrakia,Stratos,
Phystion,Naupaktos,Kalydon.Photo:FranziskaLangandAlexander
Nagel.
. VenusColonnastatue,RomanImperialperiod,madeaftertheKnidian
Aphrodite(.mhighwithouttheplinth).Rome,VaticanMuseum,
MuseoPioClementinono..Photo:G.Becatti.
. Sketchesofnichesandshelterswithbackandsidewalls.Drawing:
C.Amourette.
. Illustrationofthedifferencesbetweenamonopterosandatholos.
Drawing:C.Amourette.
. Thesecond-centurybctholosinKnidos.Photo:AmyC.Smith.
. Thesecond-centuryadroundstructureofthenymphaeuminHadrian’s
VillaatTivoli.PhotocourtesyA.Pollini.
. PlanoftheroundbuildinginHadrian’sVillaatTivoli,afterOrtolani,Il
padiglione,fig..
. PlanofthetholosinKnidos,afterBankel,“Knidos,”fig..
. DenariusofJuliusCaesarshowingVenusGenetrixonthereverse,bc.
PhotocourtesyAmericanNumismaticSociety.
. Julio-ClaudianreliefshowingpedimentalstatuesfromtheTemple
ofMarsUltor.VillaMedici,Rome,ca.ad–.Photocourtesy
ForschungsarchivfürAntikePlastik,Cologne.
xvi illustrations
. Julio-ClaudianreliefshowingcultstatuesfromtheTempleofMars
Ultor,ca.ad–.ArchaeologicalMuseum,Carthage.Photocourtesy
ForschungsarchivfürAntikePlastik,Cologne.
. SculpturalgroupofMarsandVenuswithportraitheads,Ostia,Late
Antonine(ca.ad).Rome,MuseodelleTerme.Photoafter
G.Moretti,“Ostia,”NotiziedegliScavi,,pl..
. FrescoedwallofcubiculumB,fromtheVillaFarnesina,Augustan
(ca.–bc).DetailshowingAphroditewithPeithoandEros.Rome,
MuseoNazionaleRomano(PalazzoMassimoalleTerme).Photo
courtesyScala/ArtResource,NYART.
. FrescoedwallofcubiculumB,fromtheVillaFarnesina,Augustan
(ca.–bc).DetailshowingnymphnursingtheyoungDionysos.
Rome,MuseoNazionaleRomano(PalazzoMassimoalleTerme).Photo
byLucianoRomano,courtesyScala/ArtResource,NYART.
. MosaicfromThuburboMaius,illustratingVenusandthespectaclesof
theamphitheatre.Firsthalfofthirdcentury.MuséeNationalduBardo,
Tunis.Photo:MatthewNicholls.
. MosaicfromMactar,MaisondeVénusbasin,showingVenus,adjusting
hersandal,withErotes.Firsthalfofthethirdcentury.Museumof
Mactar.Photo:author.
. PhotomontagebyRenéMagrittepublishedinthelastissueofLa
Révolutionsurréaliste(no.,December).Photoshowing
menaroundanakedwoman.©ADAGP,Paris,andDACS,London
.
. ProjectaCasketfromtheEsquilineTreasure,latefourthcentury.
London,BritishMuseum.–..Photo©TrusteesoftheBritish
Museum.
. SilverstatuetteofAphroditefromKaiseraugst,–.Augst,
Römermuseum..Photo©AugustaRaurica,Switzerland.
. SilvergiltstatuetteofAphroditefromAntioch,fourthcentury.Antakya,
HatayArchaeologicalMuseum.PhotocourtesyofMarliaMundell
Mango.
. BonecarvingofAphroditecoveringherpudendawithashell,secondor
thirdcentury.Athens,BenakiMuseum.Photo©BenakiMuseum,
Athens.
. Circularpyxis,fifthtosixthcentury.Baltimore,WaltersArtMuseum
..Photo©TheWaltersArtMuseum,Baltimore.
. TheVeroliCasket,tenthcentury.London,VictoriaandAlbertMuseum
–.Photo©V&AImages/VictoriaandAlbertMuseum,
London.
. Aphroditeandlover,detailfromtheVeroliCasket,tenthcentury.
London,VictoriaandAlbertMuseum–.Photo©V&A
Images/VictoriaandAlbertMuseum,London.