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Breast Imaging: Diagnosis and Intervention PDF

453 Pages·2022·38.869 MB·English
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Medical Radiology · Diagnostic Imaging Series Editors: Hans-Ulrich Kauczor · Paul M. Parizel · Wilfred C.G. Peh Michael Fuchsjäger Elizabeth Morris Thomas Helbich   Editors Breast Imaging Diagnosis and Intervention Medical Radiology Diagnostic Imaging Series Editors Hans-Ulrich Kauczor Paul M. Parizel Wilfred C. G. Peh The book series Medical Radiology - Diagnostic Imaging provides accurate and up-to-date overviews about the latest advances in the rapidly evolving field of diagnostic imaging and interventional radiology. Each volume is conceived as a practical and clinically useful reference book and is developed under the direction of an experienced editor, who is a world-renowned specialist in the field. Book chapters are written by expert authors in the field and are richly illustrated with high quality figures, tables and graphs. Editors and authors are committed to provide detailed and coherent information in a readily accessible and easy-to-understand format, directly applicable to daily practice. Medical Radiology - Diagnostic Imaging covers all organ systems and addresses all modern imaging techniques and image-guided treatment modalities, as well as hot topics in management, workflow, and quality and safety issues in radiology and imaging. The judicious choice of relevant topics, the careful selection of expert editors and authors, and the emphasis on providing practically useful information, contribute to the wide appeal and ongoing success of the series. The series is indexed in Scopus. Michael Fuchsjäger Elizabeth Morris • Thomas Helbich Editors Breast Imaging Diagnosis and Intervention Editors Michael Fuchsjäger Elizabeth Morris Department of Radiology Department of Radiology Medical University of Graz University of California, Davis (UCD) Graz, Austria School of Medicine Sacramento, CA Thomas Helbich USA Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy Medical University of Vienna Vienna, Austria ISSN 0942-5373 ISSN 2197-4187 (electronic) Medical Radiology ISSN 2731-4677 ISSN 2731-4685 (electronic) Diagnostic Imaging ISBN 978-3-030-94917-4 ISBN 978-3-030-94918-1 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94918-1 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland To my parents Edith and Norbert, to my wife Nina and to my children Sophie, Maximilian, Livia, Alexander, Johannes and Laia, for their love and support; without you this wouldn’t have been possible. – Michael Fuchsjäger To my children who are my greatest joy... – EAM To my parents, Ilse and Rudolf, who inspired me and helped me live my dreams. To my wife, Angelika, who supports me endlessly and makes life rich in love. To my children, Matthaeus Elisa, Julian Augustus, and Klara Paulina, who make everything worthwhile. – Thomas Helbich Preface The book you are about to read is important, not only because breast cancer remains a major health problem globally—in Europe and in the USA every year 576,000 and 264,000 women are diagnosed with breast cancer, respec- tively—but also as it contains the most up-to-date information on breast imaging, screening, diagnosis, intervention and therapy. Advances in screen- ing, diagnosis and therapeutics happen at an accelerated pace. In order to keep up we need to have an open mind, and a nimble ability to adapt rapidly, a skill that is fortunately innate to radiologists. Through the imaging options available for women these days, not just mammography but also digital breast tomosynthesis, ultrasound, and breast MRI, the radiologist could improve the rate of successful treatments within cancer patients significantly, with an outcome not just for the lives of women but also for their families and society in general. By focusing on personal screening as an additional testing to the mam- mogram, we radiologists strive to lower the risk of each woman with breast cancer. Radiology sets new measures in this field, introducing quality stan- dards, reporting standards and now the implementation of artificial intelli- gence into the workflow and interpretations of mammograms. We no longer remain hidden behind our results; we have become the face of the breast care expert, doing biopsy procedures, discussing results and managing options with and for our patients. And we love being so close to our patients, being engaged in the whole diagnostic and therapeutic journey from detection at screening through diag- nostic imaging, image-guided biopsy, staging, minimally invasive treatment, treatment monitoring and follow-up. We are the gatekeepers in medicine who help start the process getting our patients to be good or at least better in the end. As a multi-discipline matter we spend a large amount of time talking and consulting with colleagues from Surgery, Gynaecology, Oncology, Pathology as well as Family Medicine, to take care of patients in the best possible way. All of this makes Breast Imaging the probably most exciting subspecialty and brings us even closer to our patients, involving us into the whole diagnos- tic and therapeutic journey. We are not just doctors, we are also advisers, carers and guides through a sometimes-difficult pathway which challenges us to find the best outcome for each woman. By reading this book you will come to an even better understanding of the multiple roles of the breast imager and the numerous aspects of breast imag- vii viii Preface ing from screening to minimally invasive therapy, including AI. Almost everything you need to know on breast imaging and breast intervention can be found in this book. All imaging techniques are brilliantly described from intermediate to expert knowledge. Furthermore, there is a focus on breast interventions with all guidance methods as well as image-guided minimally invasive therapy, a step into the future. Burning topics like breast density, the practical value of artificial intelligence or the most challenging histopatholo- gies with high-risk lesions and DCIS are given special attention. The highest standard, our maximum effort, the closest working together, the best findings, all come together for the one purpose we all serve, the well- being of the women who come to us for help. They are our focus and they are the reason this book is in your hands, to improve the rate of successful out- come within our breast cancer patients. Graz, Austria Michael Fuchsjäger Sacramento, CA, USA Elizabeth Morris Vienna, Austria Thomas Helbich Contents Mammography and Digital Breast Tomosynthesis: Technique . . . . . 1 Ioannis Sechopoulos Contrast-Enhanced Mammography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Anand Narayan and Maxine Jochelson Mammography Screening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Carin Meltzer and Per Skaane Stereotactic Guided Breast Interventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Daniela Bernardi and Vincenzo Sabatino How to Use Breast Ultrasound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 Boris Brkljačić, Gordana Ivanac, Michael Fuchsjäger, and Gabriel Adelsmayr Breast Ultrasound: Advanced Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Andy Evans Automated Breast Ultrasound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 Ritse M. Mann Ultrasound-Guided Interventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Eva Maria Fallenberg Breast MRI: Techniques and Indications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 Francesco Sardanelli, Luca A. Carbonaro, Simone Schiaffino, and Rubina M. Trimboli Abbreviated Breast MRI: Short and Sweet? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215 Michelle Zhang, Victoria L. Mango, and Elizabeth Morris Breast MRI: Multiparametric and Advanced Techniques . . . . . . . . . 231 Maria Adele Marino, Daly Avendano, Thomas Helbich, and Katja Pinker MRI-Guided Breast Interventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 Karim Rebeiz and Elizabeth Morris Imaging the Axilla . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271 Fleur Kilburn-Toppin ix x Contents Imaging of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287 Paola Clauser, Marianna Fanizza, and Pascal A. T. Baltzer Cystic and Complex Cystic and Solid Lesions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303 Panagiotis Kapetas and Thomas Helbich High-Risk Lesions of the Breast: Diagnosis and Management . . . . . . 337 Maria Adele Marino, Katja Pinker, and Thomas Helbich Minimal Invasive Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359 Gabriel Adelsmayr, Gisela Sponner, and Michael Fuchsjäger Post-therapy Evaluation (Including Breast Implants). . . . . . . . . . . . . 375 Silvia Pérez Rodrigo and Julia Camps-Herrero Impact and Assessment of Breast Density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419 Georg J. Wengert, Katja Pinker, and Thomas Helbich Artificial Intelligence in Breast Imaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435 Xin Wang, Nikita Moriakov, Yuan Gao, Tianyu Zhang, Luyi Han, and Ritse M. Mann

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