Table Of Content

Braunwald's Heart Disease A TEXTBOOK OF CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE ELEVENTH EDITION Edited by DOUGLAS P. ZIPES, MD Distinguished Professor Division of Cardiology and the Krannert Institute of Cardiology Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, Indiana PETER LIBBY, MD Mallinckrodt Professor of Medicine Harvard Medical School Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston, Massachusetts ROBERT O. BONOW, MD Max and Lilly Goldberg Distinguished Professor of Cardiology Vice Chairman, Department of Medicine Director, Center for Cardiac Innovation Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago, Illinois DOUGLAS L. MANN, MD Lewin Chair and Professor of Medicine, Cell Biology, and Physiology Chief, Division of Cardiology Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis Cardiologist-in-Chief Barnes-Jewish Hospital St. Louis, Missouri GORDON F. TOMASELLI, MD Michel Mirowski MD Professor of Cardiology Professor of Medicine Chief, Division of Cardiology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Founding Editor and Online Editor EUGENE BRAUNWALD, MD, MD(Hon), ScD(Hon), FRCP Distinguished Hersey Professor of Medicine Harvard Medical School Chairman, TIMI Study Group Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston, Massachusetts Table of Contents Instructions for online access Cover image Title Page Copyright Dedication Acknowledgments Contributors Preface Preface to the First Edition Video Contents Volume 1 Part I Fundamentals of Cardiovascular Disease 1 Global Burden of Cardiovascular Disease Shifting Burden Epidemiologic Transitions Current Variations in the Global Burden Risk Factors Economic Burden Cost-Effective Solutions Summary and Conclusion References 2 Ethics in Cardiovascular Medicine Informed Consent and Decision Aids Clinical Ethical Judgments of Futility Conflicts of Interest and Disclosure Public Reporting Social Media and Mobile Health Genetics Transplantation Conclusion References 3 Clinical Decision Making in Cardiology Clinical Reasoning Diagnostic Decisions Therapeutic Decisions Changing Clinical Practice Based on New Findings Shared Decision Making Monitoring the Quality of Clinical Decisions Conclusion References 4 Measuring and Improving Quality of Care Defining Quality of Care Measuring Health Care Quality and Uses of Quality Measurements Improving Quality of Care Conclusion Classic References References 5 Critical Evaluation of Clinical Trials Constructing the Research Question Clinical Trial Design Key Issues Measures and Detection of Treatment Effect Future Perspectives References Part II Genetics and Personalized Medicine 6 Personalized and Precision Cardiovascular Medicine The Core Concepts of Personalized and Precision Medicine Genetics Genomics and Functional Genomics Drug Responses and Pharmacogenetics Missing Data: What Is Needed for Precision Integrating Discovery and Care Barriers to Precision Medicine Future Perspectives References 7 Principles of Cardiovascular Genetics Inherited Basis for the Variation in Risk for Cardiovascular Disease A Brief Primer on Molecular Biology Modes of Inheritance Approaches to Discovering the Inherited Basis for Cardiovascular Disease Illustrative Examples Clinical Application of Genetic Findings Future Perspectives References 8 Drug Therapeutics and Personalized Medicine Risk Versus Benefit of Drug Therapy Optimizing Drug Doses Future Perspectives References 9 Biomarkers and Use in Precision Medicine Overview of Biomarkers Proteomics and Metabolomics Clinical Measures of Biomarker Performance Conclusion References References Part III Evaluation of The Patient 10 History and Physical Examination The History The General Physical Examination The Cardiovascular Examination Integrated, Evidence-Based Approach to Specific Cardiac Disorders Future Perspectives Acknowledgments References References 11 Anesthesia and Noncardiac Surgery in Patients with Heart Disease Assessment of Risk Valvular Heart Disease (see also Part VIII) Congenital Heart Disease in Adults (see also Chapter 75) Arrhythmias (see Part V) The Decision to Undergo Diagnostic Testing Tests to Improve Identification and Definition of Cardiovascular Disease Overview of Anesthesia for Cardiac Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery Postoperative Management Surveillance and Implications of Perioperative Cardiac Complications Strategies to Reduce the Cardiac Risk Associated With Noncardiac Surgery Conclusion References 12 Electrocardiography The Normal Electrocardiogram The Abnormal Electrocardiogram Clinical Issues in Electrocardiographic Interpretation Future Perspectives Electrocardiography References References 13 Exercise Electrocardiographic Testing Exercise Physiology Technical Components of Exercise Testing Exercise Testing in Coronary Artery Disease Exercise Testing in Nonatherosclerotic Heart Disease Additional Uses for Exercise Testing Acknowledgment References 14 Echocardiography Principles of Ultrasound and Instrumentation The Standard Adult Transthoracic Echocardiographic Examination Transesophageal Echocardiography Three-Dimensional Echocardiography Contrast Echocardiography Myocardial Infarction Cardiomyopathies Stress Echocardiography Valvular Heart Disease (See Chapters 67 Through 72) Pericardial Disease Diseases of the Aorta Infective Endocarditis Pulmonary Hypertension Cardiac Masses Adult Congenital Heart Disease Cardiac Procedures and Future Directions Echocardiography References References 15 The Chest Radiograph in Cardiovascular Disease Overview Approach to Evaluation of a Chest Radiograph Specific Cardiovascular Diseases Conclusion Classic References References 16 Nuclear Cardiology Technical Aspects of Image Acquisition, Display, and Interpretation Myocardial Blood Flow, Myocardial Metabolism, and Ventricular Function Disease Detection, Risk Stratification, and Clinical Decision Making Molecular Imaging of the Cardiovascular System Classic References References 17 Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Basic Principles of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Patient Safety Application in Specific Disorders and Conditions Novel CMR Imaging Techniques Future Perspectives References