Bothalia Volume 41

2011·14.3 MB·English

Bothalia
A JOURNAL OF BOTANICAL RESEARCH
Vol. 41,2 Oct. 2011
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AfricaandAnnalsofKirstenboschBotanicGardens. Seelistat
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BOTHALIA
• The Memoirsareindividualtreatisesusuallyofanecological
BothaliaisnamedinhonourofGeneral Louis Botha,first nature, butsometimesdealingwithtaxonomyoreconomic
PremierandMinisterofAgricultureoftheUnionofSouth botany. Published: Nos 1-63 (manyoutofprint). Discontin-
Africa. This housejournal ofSANBI, Pretoria, isdevotedto uedafterNo. 63.
the furtheranceofbotanical science. Themainfieldscovered • TheAnnalsareaseriesdevotedtothepublicationofmono-
aretaxonomy,ecology,anatomyandcytology.Twopartsof graphsandmajorworksonsouthernAfricanflora. Published:
thejournalandan indextocontents,authorsandsubjectsare Vols 14-19(earliervolspublishedassuppl.volstotheJour-
publishedannually. nalofSouthAfricanBotany). DiscontinuedafterVol. 19.
BothaliaContents: fivebookletscontaininga listofauthors
andtitles,andan indextotaxaandkeywords: a) tovols 1-20 FLOWERING PLANTSOFAFRICA(FPA)
(1921-1990);b)tovols21-25 (1991-1995);tovols26-30
(1996-2000);d)tovols31-37(2001-2007);tovols38^11 ThisserialpresentscolourplatesofAfricanplantswith
(2008-2011). accompanyingtext.Theplatesarepreparedmainlybythe
artistsatSANBI. Manybotanical artistshavecontributedtothe
series, suchasFayAnderson, PeterBally,Auriol Batten,Gillian
Condy, BettyConnell, StellaGower, RosemaryHolcroft,
FLORAOFSOUTHERNAFRICA(FS7I) Kathleen Lansdell,CythnaLetty(over700plates),Claire
AtaxonomictreatiseonthefloraoftheRepublicofSouth Linder-SmithandEllaphieWard-Hilhorst.TheEditorispleased
Africa,Lesotho, Swaziland,Namibiaand Botswana. Contains toreceivelivingplantsofgeneral interestorofeconomicvalue
forillustration.
descriptionsoffamilies,genera,species,infraspecifictaxa,
keystogeneraandspecies, synonymy, literatureand limited FromVol. 55,twentyplatesarepublishedatirregularintervals.
specimencitations,aswell astaxonomicandecological notes. An indextoVols 1-49 isavailable.
Projectdiscontinued. SeeplanofFSA atbackofbook.
FSA contributions 1-19appearinBothalia PALAEOFLORAOFSOUTHERNAFRICA
1:Aquifoliaceae. S.Andrews. 1994. Bothalia24: 163-166. ApalaeofloraonapatterncomparabletothatoftheFlora
2:Asphodelaceae/Aloaceae, 1029010Chortolirion. G.F. Smith. ofsouthernAfrica. Muchoftheinformation ispresentedin
1995. Bothalia25: 31-33. theformoftablesandphotographicplatesdepictingfossil
3:Asphodelaceae/Aloaceae, 1028010Poellnitzia. G.F. Smith populations.Nowavailable:
1995. Bothalia25: 35, 36. • MoltenoFormation(Triassic)Vol. 1. Introduction.Dicroidi-
4:Agavaceae. G.F. Smith & M. Mossmer. 1996.Bothalia26: um, 1983,byJ.M. & H.M.Anderson.
31-35.
65:: OBrucxhaicdeaacee.aeH:.FH.olGoltehnr.ix1.99K6..L.BoItmhamleilam2a6n:.3719—9460..Bothalia26: • MinogltDiecnrooiFdoirumrant),io1n98(3T,ribayssJic.)M.Vo&l.H2..MG.ymAnndoesrpseorn.ms(exclud-
25^10. • ProdromusofSouthAfrican Megafloras. DevoniantoLower
7: Verbenaceae: Vitex. C.L. Bredenkamp& D.J. Botha. 1996. Cretaceous, 1985,byJ.M. & H.M.Anderson. Obtainable
Bothalia26: 141-151. from:A.A. BalkemaMarketing, Box317,Claremont7735,
RSA.
8: Ceratophyllaceae. C.M. Wilmot-Dear. 1997. Bothalia27:
125-128. • TowardsGondwanaAlive. Promotingbiodiversityandstem-
9: Onagraceae. P. Goldblatt& PH. Raven. 1997. Bothalia27: mingtheSixthExtinction, 1999,byJ.M.Anderson(ed.).
149-165. • Heydayofthegymnosperms: systematicsandbiodiversity
10: Trapaceae. B. Verdcourt. 1998. Bothalia28: 11-14. ofthe LateTriassic Moltenofructifications,2003,byJ.M.
11: Zingiberaceae. R.M. Smith. 1998. Bothalia28: 35-39. Anderson& H.M.Anderson. Strelitzia 15.
12: Plantaginaceae. H.F. Glen. 1998. Bothalia28: 151-157. • Briefhistoryofthegymnosperms: classification,biodiver-
13: Ulmaceae. C.M. Wilmot-Dear. 1999. Bothalia29: 239-247. sity,phytogeographyandecology,2007, byJ.M.Anderson,
14: Cannabaceae. C.M. Wilmot-Dear. 1999. Bothalia29: H.M.Anderson & C.J. Cleal. Strelitzia20.
249-252.
• Moltenoferns: LateTriassic biodiversity insouthernAfrica,
15: Piperaceae. K.L. Immelman. 2000. Bothalia30: 25-30. 2008, by H.M.Anderson&J.M.Anderson.Strelitzia21.
16: Sphenocleaceae. W.G. Welman. 2000. Bothalia30: 31-33.
17: C'asuarinaceae. C.M. Wilmot-Dear. 2000. Bothalia30:
143-146. SANBI BIODIVERSITYSERIES
18: Salicaceae5'. str. M. Jordaan. 2005. Bothalia35: 7-20. Aseriesofoccasional reportson projects,technologies,
19:Asteraceae:Anthemideae:Enmorphia. N. Swelankomo. workshops,symposiaandotheractivities inflated byorexecuted
2011. Bothalia41: 277-282. in partnershipwith SANBI. See listatbackofbook.
With compliments from
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hSANBI
at the National Herbarium Building. Pretoria
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BOTHALIA
A JOURNAL OF BOTANICAL RESEARCH
Volume 41,2
Scientific Editors: O.A. Leistner, G. Germishuizen
Technical Editor: B.A. Momberg
SANBI
BiodiversityforLife
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Editorial Board
D.F. Cutler Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK
B.J. Huntley SouthAfrican National Biodiversity Institute, CapeTown, RSA
P.H. Raven Missouri Botanical Garden, St Louis, USA
M.J.A. Werger University ofUtrecht, Utrecht,TheNetherlands
Acknowledgements to referees
Anderberg, DrA.A. Botanical Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Archer, MrsC. SouthAfricanNational Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, RSA.
Archer, Dr R. SouthAfricanNational BiodiversityInstitute, Pretoria, RSA.
Boatwright, DrJ.S. SouthAfricanNational Biodiversity Institute,CapeTown, RSA.
Bredenkamp, Prof. G.J. EcoAgent, P.O. Box25533, Monumentpark, 0105 Pretoria.
Browning, DrJ. Formerly: NatalUniversity Herbarium, PrivateBagX01,3209 Scottsville, RSA.
Bruyns, DrP. Department Mathematics,UniversityofCapeTown, RSA.
Burgoyne, Ms P. SouthAfricanNationalBiodiversityInstitute,Pretoria, RSA.
Burrows,J.E. Box 710, 1120 Lydenburg, RSA.
Chinnock, DrR.J. State Herbarium ofSouthAustralia,Adelaide,Australia.
Goldblatt, Dr P. Missouri Botanical Garden, St Louis,USA.
Grobler, MrsA. SouthAfricanNational Biodiversity Institute,Pretoria, RSA.
Hoare, D. David HoareConsultingcc. Private BagX025,Lynnwood Ridge, Pretoria, RSA.
Jacobsen, DrN. P.O. Box671,6560Wilderness, RSA.
Koekemoer, Ms M. SouthAfricanNational BiodiversityInstitute, Pretoria, RSA.
Magee, DrA.R. SouthAfricanNational Biodiversity Institute,CapeTown, RSA.
Mannheimer, DrC. P.O. Box 193, Windhoek,Namibia.
Manning, DrJ.C. SouthAfricanNational BiodiversityInstitute,CapeTown,RSA.
Meerow, DrA.W. National Gennplasm Repository, Miami,USA.
Meve, DrU. UniversityofBayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
Muasya, DrM. UniversityofCapeTown, 7700 Rondebosch,CapeTown, RSA.
Nordenstam, Prof. R.B. NaturhistoriskaRiksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Oliver, DrE.G.H. DepartmentofBotany& Zoology, UniversityofStellenbosch, RSA.
Retief, DrE. SouthAfricanNational Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, RSA.
Roux, DrJ.P. SouthAfrican National Biodiversity Institute, CapeTown,RSA.
Rutherford, Dr M.C. SouthAfricanNational Biodiversity Institute,CapeTown, RSA.
Schrire, DrB. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK.
Schutte-Vlok, DrA.L. CapeNature, Private BagX658, 6620Oudtshoorn, RSA.
Smithies, Mrs S.J. SouthAfricanNational BiodiversityInstitute, Pretoria, RSA.
Snijman, DrD. SouthAfricanNational Biodiversity Institute, CapeTown, RSA.
Stewart, DrG. NewZealand Research Centre forUrban Ecology,Christchurch,NewZealand.
Thulin, Dr M.L. DepartmentofSystematic Botany, UniversityofUppsala, Uppsala, Sweden.
Van Jaarsveld, E.J. SouthAfricanNational Biodiversity Institute,CapeTown, RSA.
Vlok,J. RegalisEnvironmental Services, P.O. Box 1512,Oudtshoorn, WesternCape, RSA.
Whitehouse, DrC.M. The Royal Horticultural SocietyGarden,Wisley,Woking, Surrey, England, UK.
Williams, DrN. Dept Resource Management& Geography, UniversityofMelbourne, Richmond,Victoria,
Australia.
Winter, P.J.D. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, RSA.
Dateofpublication ofBothalia41,1: 3 May 201 1
CONTENTS
Bothalia 41,2
1. Ornithoglossumpulchrum (Colchicaceae: Colchiceae), a new species from southern Namibia. D.A. SNIJ-
MAN, B.NORDENSTAM andC. MANNHEIMER 231
2. Maireana brevifolia (Chenopodiaceae: Camphorosmeae), a new naturalized alien plant species in South
Africa. L. MUCINAand D.A. SNIJMAN 235
3. Taxonomic revision ofthe genus Thereianthus (Iridaceae: Crocoideae). J.C. MANNINGand P. GOLD-
BLATT 239
4. Romuleapilosa and R. quartzicola (Iridaceae: Crocoideae), two new species from the southern African
winterrainfallregion,withnomenclaturalcorrectionsincludingnewnamesforR. amoena R. neg-
lectaandR. roseavar. reflexa. J.C. MANNING, P. GOLDBLATTandA.D. HARROWER, 269
5.FSA contributions 19:Asteraceae:Anthemideae:Eumorphia. N. SWELANKOMO 277
X
6. Review ofthe genus Xenoscapa (Iridaceae: Crocoideae), including grandiflora a new species from
southernNamibia. J.C. MANNINGand P. GOLDBLATT , 283
7.NotesonAfricanplants:
Aizoaceae.NewcombinationsinAntimimaand Octopoma(Ruschioideae). C. KLAK 292
Alliaceae. MicromorphologyandcytologyofPrototulbaghiasiebertii,withnotesonitstaxonomic
significance. C.G. VOSA, S.J. SIEBERTandA.E.VANWYK 311
Amaryllidaceae.Ammocharis deserticola(Amaryllideae), a new species from Namibia and a key
tospeciesofthegenus. D.A. SNIJMAN and H. KOLBERG 308
Apocynaceae (Asclepiadoideae-Ceropegieae). First records of Orbea cooperi in Gauteng and
MpumalangaProvinces,FSA region. S.P. BESTERandS.M. BERRUTI 295
Asteraceae.Lachnospermumneglectum(Asteroideae:Gnaphalieae),anewandoverlookedspecies
fromtheWorcesterValley,WesternCape. J.C. MANNING andP. GOLDBLATT 304
Asteraceae. Biyomorphe and Dolichothrix (Gnaphalieae-Relhaniinae): taxonomy and nomencla-
ture. M. KOEKEMOER 324
Cyperaceae. New names and newcombinations in Cyperus forsouthernAfrica. C.ARCHER and
P. GOETGHEBEUR 300
Fabaceae. A new species ofXiphotheca from the Western Cape, South Africa. A.L. SCHUTTE-
VLOK 298
Fabaceae.AnewspeciesofRhvnchosiafromthenorthernprovincesofSouthAfrica. G.GERMIS-
HUIZEN 319
Hyacinthaceae.Albucagariepensis(Ornithogaloideae),anewspeciesofA. subgen.Namibiogalum
from Gordonia, SouthAfrica, andA.prasinatransferred to Ornithogalum. J.C. MANNING
and P. GOLDBLATT 314
Hyacinthaceae. Ornithogalum lebaense transferred to Albuca. J.C. MANNING and P. GOLD-
BLATT 297
Iridaceae. Gladiolus diluvialis (Crocoideae), a replacement name for the illegitimate homonym
G. halophilus. J.C. MANNING andP. GOLDBLATT 324
Lycopodiophyta: Selaginellaceae.Selaginellanivea,anewlycophyterecordforSouthAfrica,with
notesonitshabitat.A.W. KLOPPER and R.R. KLOPPER 321
Nyctaginaceae. Notes on Commicarpus in southern Africa, including a new record for Namibia.
M. STRUWIG, S.J. SIEBERTand E.S. KLAASSEN 289
Scrophulariaceae.Anticharisjuncea,anoverlooked recordforSouthAfrica,withnoteson itstype
localitiesandflowermorphology. H.M. STEYN 301
Vitaceae.AnewandanoverlookedrecordofCyphostemmainAngola.F.DESOUSA,E.FIGUEIRE-
DOandG.F. SMITH 294
8.PhytosociologicaldescriptionofnoritekoppiesintheRustenburgarea,North-WestProvinceandrefinement
ofthe distribution oftheNorite Koppies Bushveld on the national vegetation classification mapof
SouthAfrica.A.J.H. LAMPRECHT, S.S. CILLIERS,A.R. GOTZEandM.J. DUTOIT 327
9. TheextendedoccurrenceofMaputalandWoodyGrassland furthersouth in KwaZulu-Natal, SouthAfrica.
S.J. SIEBERT, F. SIEBERTand M.J. DUTOIT 341
10. Floristic analysis ofdomestic gardens in the Tlokwe City Municipality, South Africa. C.S. LUBBE,
S.J. SIEBERTand S.S. CILLIERS 351
11. Miscellaneousnotes:
Tribute to Beverley Momberg, technical editor in the publications section ofthe South African
National BiodiversityInstitute. G.F. SMITH 363
12. Obituary: FranzSebastian Muller(1913-2010). G.F. SMITH and E. FIGUEIREDO 365
13. SouthAfricanNational Biodiversity Institute: publications 1 January 2010 to 31 December2010. Com-
piler:Y. STEENKAMP 369
14. GuideforauthorstoBothalia 377
, , , ,
New combinations, names, sections, series, species and statuses in Bothalia 41,2 (2011)
Albuca gariepensisJ.C.Manning& Goldblattsp. nov.,315
Albucalebaensis (VanJaarsv.)J.C.Manning& Goldblatt comb, nov.,297
AmmocharisdeserticolaSnijman& Kolberg,sp. nov., 308
Antimima paripetala (L.Bolus) Klak comb.nov.,293
BracteolatusJ.C.Manning& Goldblatt ser. nov., 254
Brevibracteae Goldblatt&J.C.Manning,sect, nov.,246
Cyperus atriceps (Kiik.) C.Archer& Goetgh.,comb. & stat. nov.,300
Cyperus austro-afrieanus C.Archer& Goetgh.,nom. nov., 300
Cyperusdecurvatus (C.B.Clarke) C.Archer& Goetgh.,comb. & stat. nov.,300
Cyperus palmatus (Lye) C.Archer& Goetgh.,comb. & stat. nov., 300
Cyperus uitenhagensis (Steud.) C.Archer& Goetgh.,comb, nov.,301
Gladiolusdiluvialis Goldblatt&J.C.Manning,nom. nov., 324
Lachnospermum neglectumSchltr. exJ.C.Manning& Goldblatt,sp. nov., 304
Octopoma nanum (L.Bolus)Klak,comb, nov.,293
Ornithoglossum pulchrumSnijman, B.Nord. & Mannheimer,sp. nov.,231
Rhynchosiacoddii Germish., sp. nov., 319
RomuleapilosaJ.C.Manning& Goldblatt, sp. nov., 269
RomuleaquartzicolaJ.C.Manning& Goldblatt, sp. nov.,272
Romulea roseavar. muirii (N.E.Br.)J.C. Manning& Goldblatt comb, etstat. nov.,275
Thereianthus bulbiferus Goldblatt&J.C.Manning,sp. nov.,254
Thereianthuselandsmontanus Goldblatt&J.C.Manning, sp. nov.,263
ThereianthusintermediusJ.C.Manning& Goldblatt, nom. etstat. nov.,247
Xenoscapagrandiflora Goldblatt&J.C.Manning, sp. nov.,284
Xiphotheca rosmarinifoliaA.L.Schutte, sp. nov., 298
IV
Bothalia41,2:231-233(2011)
Ornithoglossum pulchrum (Colchicaceae: Colchiceae), a new species
from southern Namibia
D.A. SNIJMAN*, B. NORDENSTAM** andC. MANNHEIMER***
Keywords:Colchicaceae,Colchiceae,newspecies,OrnithoglossumSalisb.,southernNamibia,taxonomy
ABSTRACT
Wedescribeanew speciesinthesub-Saharangenus OrnithoglossumSalisb. fromsouthernNamibia. Ornithoglossum
pulchrumfromnearAus,isremarkableinhavingbrighttodarkpinkflowers,afeaturepreviouslyunknown inthegenus.
Theperigoneisalmostconcolorousapartfromacontrasting,paleyellownectaryregion,narrowlyoutlinedwithdarkerred,
nearthebaseofeachtepal. Theundulateleavestogetherwiththe longfilaments,which arenearlyas longasthetepals,
suggestarelationshipwithO.undulatum,awidespreadspeciesinthewesternpartsofsouthernAfrica,andO.zeyherifrom
NamaqualandandthenorthwesternCape.
INTRODUCTION deep pink to crimson and almost concolorous except for
a pale yellow patch towards the base ofeach tepal. Due
Ornithoglossum Salisb. is a small, sub-Saharan genus to theirundulate leaves, the plants were initially thought
in the family Colchicaceae (Nordenstam 1998). All to be O. undulatum (Mannheimer et al. 2008), a spe-
but one ofthe eight species recognized by Nordenstam cies that has been recorded previously from southern
(1982) are concentrated in the western halfofsouthern Namibia (Nordenstam 1982). Subsequent examination
Africa, mostly in the winterrainfall region. Only O. vul- of these specimens, however, has revealed further dis-
gare B.Nord. is found in southern Africa’s eastern parts tinguishing characters, which together with the unique
and as farnorth as EastAfrica. Previouslythe genus was flower colour, justify the description ofthe plants as a
placed in the tribe Iphigenieae (Buxbaum 1936), but in newspeciesofOrnithoglossum.
a new classification, based on an analysis ofmolecular
data ofthe family, the genus now falls within the tribe Ornithoglossum pulchrum Snijman, B.Nord. &
Colchiceae, together with Colchicum L., Gloriosa L., Mannheimer sp. nov.
Hexacyrtis DinterandSandersonia Hook. (Vinnersten & ,
Manning2007). Cormus ovoideus, brevilobus. Caulis simplex gracilis
ad ± 110 mm altus. Folia 4—7, lanceolata margine con-
Considering its small size, the genus shows remark- spicue crispato-undulato. Racemus 3-10-florus ad40-80
able diversity in floral morphology. The perianth is mm longus. Perianthium actinomorphum, segmen-
actinomorphic or zygomorphic in form and coloured tis 27-32 x 4-5 mm, roseis vel rubineis, luteolis prope
cream to attractive yellow, green, brown or purple, basim. Nectarii margo simplex. Filamenta plerumque
sometimes almost black, and often bicoloured. In spe- longitudine tepala aequantia. Antherae 2.5 x 0.5 mm.
cies such as Ornithoglossum undulatum Sweet, the Styli±25 mm longi.
flowers are large, showy and sweetly scented, but in O. —
parviflorum B.Nord. they are small, inconspicuous, dull TYPE. Namibia: 2616 (Aus): riverbed, western
andunscented(Manningetal. 2002). Othervariablefea- extentofAustown lands, 1 386 m, (-CA), 22 Jun. 2005,
tures are the shape ofthe nectaries on the basal part of C.A. MannheimerCM2710(WIND, holo.).
the tepals and the length and thickness ofthe filaments.
Several micromorphological differences in the pollen Glabrous, cormous herb. Corm ovoid,±45 x 30 mm,
and seeds also help to distinguish groups ofspecies. All shallowly bilobed at base with lobes directed down-
the species arereportedtobehighlytoxictostockdueto wards, interiorfirm, whitish; tunics leatmhemry, darkbrown,
their colchicine-type alkaloids, which accounts for their extended into a slender neck up to 80 long, sheath-
common name ‘slangkop’ (Watt & Breyer-Brandwijk ing subterranean portion of stem, inner tunics rust-col-
1962). oured. Cataphyll apparently absent. Stem erect, simple,
subterranean part slender, up to ± 110 mm long, as long
While collecting material for a photographic guide to as leafy aerial portion, terminated by a bracteate, race-
the wildflowers ofthe southern Namib, the third author mose inflorescence. Leaves alternate, 4-7, lanceolate
found an unusual population ofOrnithoglossum nearthe from sheathing base, recurved, 10-180 x 8-15 mm.
small town ofAus, Namibia, in which the flowers were broadest at base, tapering distally to a narrow, mucro-
nate tip, ± conduplicate, glaucous, margins undulate,
*PriCvoamteptBoangXH7er,b7a7r3i5umC,aSpoeuTtohwAnf.riEc-amnaiNla:[email protected], orfatceenmec,ri4sp0e-d8.0Inmflmorelsocnegnceanad ccolmupsatecrte,d 3a-m10o-nfglowueprpeedr
**SwedishMuseumofNatural History,Box50007,SE-10405Stock- leaves; bracts leaf-like, narrowly lanceolate, succes-
h*o*l*m,P.SO.weBdoexn.193,Windhoek,Namibia.E-mail:[email protected]. sively smaller acropetally, 30-50 x 4-6 mm, as long as
or slightly longer than pedicels, glaucous tinged pink-
na.
MS.received:2011-03-15. ish, margins plane. Flowers suberect to spreading on
——
232 Bothalia41,2(2011)
FIGURE 1. Ornithoglossum pitl-
chrum. A, plant in habitat
showing sheathing, undulate
leaves and compact inflores-
cence; B, detail ofcampanu-
late flowershowing long sta-
mens and six large, concave
nectaries each with a simple
margin near base of tepals.
Photographs:C.Mannheimer.
erecto-patent pedicels 20-35 mm long, actinomorphic, Distributionandecology. Ornithoglossumpulchrum is
± widely campanulate, ± 40 mm diam.; tepals equally currently known fromjust one locality in the pro-Namib,
spreading, 27-32 x 4-5 mm, claw tubular-flattened, a broad, undulating plain in southernNamibia (Figure 3).
± 4.0 x 1.5 mm, blade lanceolate, faintly 7-9-veined, The species has been recorded in ephemeral watercourses
slightly canaliculate, bright to dark pink, with a pale fromtheuplandsnearAus,which hejustbelowtheinland
yreedl,lobwecnoemcitnargyparleegriownitnharargoew;lynecotuatrlyinecdoncwaivteh,dwairdkee-r einsccaoraprmseentgr,avaetl,apcplroosxeitmoatgenleyiss1 o3u8t0crmo.psTohfethpelaNnatsmagqruoaw
mouthed, ventral margin simple. Stamens slightly Metamorphic Complex. Lying on the border ofthe win-
fsmipmlriefaoldroimnngg,b;uutfniislflaoimgrehmntltlyysdtsathrriakcikgpehitnn,ekd;slaiinngthhtpelrryosxcioumbralvloendgh,adlif2s,.t5a2llx5y-,02.±85 taevreraangdinsgu8m5memrmrapienrfalylearz.onMeos,stAurasinhafasllbsiimnodlaatle srauimnfmaellr,
mm, slightly curved, dull yellow. Ovaryoblong-globose, (JanuarytoApril) with asecond, lowerpeakinJune(Pal-
5.0 x 3.5 mm, dark pink; styles free from base, spread- lett 1995). Precipitation also occurs in the form ofocca-
ing, straight proximally, slightly curved distally, ± 25 sional fog which moves in from the coast, as well as rare
mm long, dark pink; stigma capitate, minutely papillate. snowfalls. Winds in the region are a powerful climatic
Capsule elliptical-oblong, shortly and bluntly lobed, 7 force which can severely limit plant growth. Like most
x 4 mm (when immature but not known when mature), otherOrnithoglossumspeciesfrom southernAfrica’swin-
erect, coriaceous. Seeds unknown. Flowering time: June terrainfall region, O. pulchrum flowers in winter, usually
toearlyAug. Figures 1;2. frommidtolateJuneintoAugust.
FIGURE 2. Ornithoglossum pul-
chrum.A,typespecimen,Mann-
heimer CM2710 (WIND); B,
specimen on left shows shal-
lowly bilobed corm, specimen
on rightshows undulate, crisp-
ulate-edged leaves and young,
upright capsules, Mannheimer
CM4004a(WIND). Scale bars:
A,B, 100mm.
Bothalia41,2(2011) 233
with any other species from southern Namibia even in
the early fruiting stages, since its withered tepals remain
evenly spread around the developing suberect to spread-
ingcapsule, unlike thoseofO. undulatum which are dis-
tinctly reflexed from a markedly down-turned capsule.
Both O. zeyheri and O. undulatum share a simple-mar-
gined nectary with O. pulchrum, although this feature is
variable in O. undulatum, sometimes taking the form of
anentireorbifid lobe.
Ornithoglossum pulchrum has only been collected
twice so far, once when in flower and again in the early
stages offruiting. As yet, mature fruits and seeds are not
availableforcomparisonwithotherspecies.
Species from other families that are narrowly endemic
to the Aus area are Moraea graniticola Goldblatt (Iri-
daceae) and Oxalis ausensis R.Knuth. (Oxalidaceae),
both geophytic herbs, and the succulent shrub Juttadin-
teria ausensis (L.Bolus) Schwantes (Aizoaceae). M. gra-
niticola andJ. ausensis flower only afterwinter rain and
when temperatures begin to rise. O. ausensis is one of
four autumn-flowering Oxalis species in the vicinity of
Aus.
— Otherspecimenseen
FIGURE3. KnowndistributionofOrnithoglossumpulchrum. —
NAMIBIA. 2616 (Aus): Austown lands, (-CA), 11 Sept. 2008,
C.A.MannheimerCM4004a(WIND).
Diagnosis and relationships Ornithoglossum pul-
:
chrwn is distinguished by its flowers, which are suberect
to spreading in a compact raceme that barely exceeds the ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
leaves, and in which the ± filiform filaments are almost
as long as the tepals. The flowers are easily distinguish- We are grateful to Christine Swiegers and Telane
able from those ofother Ornithoglossum species by their Greyling who assisted in the field and Michelle Smith
bright to dark pink colour (47C, 48C in R.H.S Colour who prepared the figures. We thank both the Namibian
Chart 1966). This colouring is almost unbroken apart MinistryofEnvironmentandTourism forgrantingacol-
from a pale yellow patch, narrowly outlined with dark lecting permit to the National Botanical Research Insti-
red, nearthe base ofeach tepal in the region ofthe nec- tute, Windhoek, and the Curatorofthe National Herbar-
tary. O.pulchrum shares the character ofundulate, crisp- ium. Windhoek for the loan ofmaterial to the Compton
ulate-edged leaves with four other taxa in the genus, viz. Herbarium,Claremont,CapeTown.
O. undulatum,O.gracileB.Nord. andO.zeyheriB.Nord..
and also O. parviflorum var. namaquense B.Nord. Com-
pared with the floral characters, however, this veg- REFERENCES
etative feature is ofless taxonomic importance, as quite
plane-edged leaves are known in some populations of BUXBAUM, F. 1936. Die Entwicklungslinien der Liliodeae. I. Die
Wurmbaeoideae.BotanischesArchiv38:213-293.
O. undulatum (Nordenstam 1979, 1982). Nevertheless, MANNHEIMER, C„ MAGGS-KOLLING, G., KOLBERG, H. &
the undulate leaves together with the long filaments, RUGHEIMER, S. 2008. Wildflowers ofthe southern Namib.
which nearly equal the length of the tepals, suggest Macmillan,Namibia.
a relationship with both O. undulatum a widespread MANNING, J., GOLDBLATT, P. & SNIJMAN, D. 2002. The color
species in the western parts ofsouthern,Africa, and O. encyclopedia ofCape bulbs. TimberPress, Oregon and Cam-
bridge.
zeyheri which is confined to Namaqualand between the NORDENSTAM,B. 1979.Ornithoglossumundulatum.TheFlowering
Steinkopf region and the lower Olifants River Valley. PlantsofAfrica45:t. 1799.
O. undulatum differs from O. pulchrum in its markedly NORDENSTAM,B. 1982.AmonographofthegenusOrnithoglossum
asymmetric flowers in which one or two tepals point (Liliaceae).OperaBotanica64: 1-51.
downwards and the other tepals flare upwards at anthe- NORDEaNnSdTgeAnMe,raBo.f1v9a9s8c.ulCaorlcplhainctasc,eaveo.l.I3n.KF.loKwuebirtiznkgi,plaTnhtes,fammiolnioe-s
sis. These are slightly smallerthan those ofO. pulchrum cotyledons, Lilianae (except Orchidaceae). Springer-Verlag,
(16-30 x 2-5 mm vs 27-32 x 4-5 mm) and are bicol- Berlin.
oured, white in the centre with reddish purple tips. In PALLETT,J. 1995.TheSperrgebietNamibia’sleastknownwilderness.
contrast, the flowers ofO. pulchrum are actinomorphic A1ninesnovuitrho-nwmeesnttearlnpNraofmiilbeiao.ftNhAeMSpDerErBgebDiietamoornDdiCaomroponrdatAiroena,
and campanulate, features that are shared with O. zey- Windhoek.
heri. Unlike O. pulchrum, however, this species has few R.H.S.COLOURCFtART. 1966.TireRoyalHorticulturalSociety,Lon-
and inconspicuousflowers which are typically produced don.
in May, with tepals that are short and narrow (12-15 VINNERSTEN,A.&MANNING,J.2007.AnewclassificationofCol-
x 1-3 mm) and coloured pale greenish with a purplish WATT,chJi.cMa.ce&ae.BTRaExoYnER56-:B1R7A1-N1D78W.IJK, M.G. 1962. The medicinal
tinge towards the base and tip. The regularsymmetry of andpoisonousplantsofsouthernandeasternAfrica.Livingston,
the flowers of O. pulchrum prevent possible confusion Edinburgh.
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