Bothalia Volume 28

176 Pages·1998·14.6 MB·English

Bothalia
A JOURNAL OF BOTANICAL RESEARCH
Vol. 28,2 October 1998
TECHNICALPUBLICATIONS OFTHE NATIONALBOTANICALINSTITUTE,
PRETORIA
Obtainable from the National Botanical Institute, Private Bag X101, Pretoria 0001, Republic of
SouthAfrica.Acatalogue ofall available publications will be issued on request.
BOTHALIA
Bothalia is named in honourofGeneral Louis Botha, firstPremierand MinisterofAgriculture of
theUnionofSouthAfrica.ThishousejournaloftheNationalBotanicalInstitute,Pretoria,isdevot-
ed to the furtherance ofbotanical science. The main fields covered are taxonomy, ecology, anato-
my and cytology. Two parts ofthejournal and an index tocontents, authors and subjects are pub-
lished annually.
Two booklets ofthe contents (a) toVols 1-20and (b) toVols 21-25, are available.
STRELITZIA
Aseriesofoccasional publications on southernAfrican floraandvegetation, replacingMemoirsof
the BotanicalSurveyofSouthAfrica andAnnalsofKirstenbosch Botanic Gardens.
MEMOIRS OFTHE BOTANICALSURVEYOFSOUTHAFRICA
The memoirs are individual treatises usually ofan ecological nature, but sometimes dealing with
taxonomy oreconomicbotany. Published: Nos 1-63 (manyoutofprint).DiscontinuedafterNo. 63.
ANNALS OFKIRSTENBOSCH BOTANIC GARDENS
A series devoted to the publication ofmonographs and major works on southern African flora.
Published: Vols 14-19 (earlier volumes published as Supplementary volumes to the Journal of
SouthAfrican Botany). Discontinued afterVol. 19.
FLOWERING PLANTS OFAFRICA(FPA)
ThisserialpresentscolourplatesofAfricanplantswithaccompanyingtext.Theplatesareprepared
mainly by the artists at the National Botanical Institute. Many well known botanical artists have
contributed to the series, such as CythnaLetty (over700 plates), Kathleen Lansdell, StellaGower,
Betty Connell, Peter Bally, FayAnderson, Ellaphie Ward-Hilhorst and Gillian Condy. The Editor
is pleased to receive livingplants ofgeneral interestorofeconomic value for illustration.
From Vol. 55, twenty plates are published at irregular intervals.
An index to Vols 1-49 is available.
FLORAOFSOUTHERNAFRICA(FSA)
A taxonomic treatise on the flora of the Republic ofSouth Africa, Lesotho, Swaziland, Namibia
and Botswana. The FSA contains descriptions offamilies, genera, species, infraspecific taxa, keys
to genera and species, synonymy, literature and limited specimen citations, as well as taxonomic
and ecological notes.
Contributions to the FSA also appear in Bothalia.
PALAEOFLORAOFSOUTHERNAFRICA
A palaeoflora on a pattern comparable to that ofthe Flora ofsouthernAfrica. Much ofthe infor-
mation ispresented in theformoftablesandphotographicplatesdepicting fossilpopulations. Now
available:
MoltenoFormation (Triassic)Vol. I. Introduction. Dicroidium, byJ.M. & H.M.Anderson.
MoltenoFormation(Triassic)Vol.2.Gymnosperms(excludingDicroidium),byJ.M.&H.M.
Anderson.
Prodromus ofSouth African Megafloras. Devonian to Lower Cretaceous, by J.M. & H.M.
Anderson.Obtainablefrom:A.A.BalkemaMarketing,Box317,Claremont7735,RSA.
BOTHALIA
AJOURNAL OF BOTANICAL RESEARCH
Volume 28,2
Scientific Editor: G. Germishuizen
Technical Editor: B.A. Momberg
NATIONAL
nasionale
Botanical botan
instituut
INSTITUTE P^e'^Tg -
X101
1938-})- a?
^pnyaatsak X 101 pRETOR,
2CussoniaAvenue, Brummena, Pretoria
Private Bag XI01, Pretoria0001
ISSN 0006 8241
October 1998
Editorial Board
D.F. Cutler Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK
B.J. Huntley National Botanical Institute, CapeTown, RSA
P.H. Raven Missouri Botanical Garden, StLouis, USA
J.P. Rourke Compton Herbarium, NBI, CapeTown, RSA
M.J. Werger University ofUtrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
CONTENTS
Volume 28,2
New species and combinations in Bothalia 28,? (1998)
1. Five new species ofLachenalia (Hyacinthaceae) from arid areas ofNamibiaand SouthAfrica. G.D.
DUNCAN
131
2. Arevision ofLachenalia (Hyacinthaceae) in the Eastern Cape, SouthAfrica. A.P. DOLD and
P.B. PHILLIPSON 141
3. FSA contributions 12: Plantaginaceae. H.F. GLEN 151
4. Studies in the liverwort genus Fossombronia (Metzgeriales) from southern Africa. 6. New spe-
cies from Lesotho, Swaziland and Mpumalangaand newrecords from Lesotho. S.M. PEROLD 159
5. The genusEchiutn (Boraginaceae)in southernAfrica. E. RETIEFandA.E.VANWYK 167
6. Arevision ofLedebouria (Hyacinthaceae) in SouthAfrica. 2. Two new species,L. crispa andL.par-
vifolia, andL. macowaniire-instated. S. VENTER andT.J. EDWARDS 179
7. Notes onAfrican plants:
Acanthaceae/Orchidaceae. Newrecords from KwaZulu-Natal, SouthAfrica. T.J. EDWARDS
and E. HARRISON 187
Amaryllidaceae:Amaryllideae.AnewspeciesofAmaryllisfromthe Richtersveld, SouthAfrica.
D.A. SNIJMAN and G. WILLIAMSON 192
Asteraceae. Key tothe species ofthe genus Hertia in southernAfrica. P.P.J. HERMAN 192
Cyperaceae. Coleochloasetifera newtothe floraofKwaZulu-Natal. C. ARCHER 190
Metzgeriales-Fossombroniaceae. Fossombronia occidento-africana: is itconspecific with
F. indical S.M. PEROLD ' 183
8. Areconnaissance survey ofthe vegetation ofthe NorthLuangwaNational Park, Zambia. P.P. SMITH 197
9. Wetlandplantcommunities in the Potchefstroom MunicipalArea, North-West, SouthAfrica. S.S.
CILLIERS. L.L. SCHOEMANand G.J. BREDENKAMP 213
10. Cytogenetic studies in the genus Pentaschistis(Poaceae:Arundinoideae). K.C. KLOPPER, J.J. SPIES
and B. VISSER 231
11. Obituaries:
David SpencerHardy (1931-1998). H.F. GLEN 239
Barend Petrus Barkhuizen (1921-1995): amateurbotanist, succulentplantspecialistandedu-
cator. G.F. SMITH andE.M.A. STEYN 243
Mary Elizabeth Connell (1917-1997). D.J.B. KILLICK 245
12. National Botanical Institute, SouthAfrica: administration and research staff22 May 1998, publica-
tions 1 April 1997-31 March 1998. Compiler: B.A. MOMBERG 249
13. Guide forauthors to Bothalia 261
14. The history ofthe Botanical Research Institute 1903-1989. DENISEFOURIE 271
,
New species and combinations in Bothalia 28,2 (1998)
Amaryllis paradisicolaSnijman, sp. nov., 193
FossombroniaangulifoliaPerold sp. nov., 159
,
Fossombroniaswaziensis Perold sp. nov., 162
Lachenalia attenuata W.F.BarkerexG.D.Duncan, sp. nov., 132
Lachenalia doleritica G.D.Duncan, sp. nov., 134
Lachenalia lactosa G.D.Duncan, sp. nov., 135
Lachenalia leipoldtii G.D.Duncan, sp. nov., 137
Lachenalia nutans G.D.Duncan, sp. nov., 131
LedebouriacrispaS.Venter, sp. nov., 179
Ledebouria macowanii (Baker) S.Venter, comb, nov., 181
LedebouriaparvifoliaS.Venter, sp. nov., 180
IV
Bothalia28,2: 131-139(1998)
Five new species of Lachenalia (Hyacinthaceae) from arid areas of
Namibia and South Africa
G.D, DUNCAN*
Keywords:Hyacinthaceae,Lachenalia,Namibia,newspecies.SouthAfrica
ABSTRACT
Five new species ofLachenalia are described: L. nutans G.D.Duncan from southwestern Namibia, L. attenuata
W.F.BarkerexG.D.DuncanfromtheRoggeveldPlateau,LittleKarooandsouthernCape;L. doleriticaG.D.Duncanfrom
the Bokkeveld Plateau; L. lactosa G.D.Duncan from the Lowland Fynbos ofthe Hermanus District, and L. leipoldtii
G.D.DuncanfromtheOlifantsRiverValleyandLittleKaroo.
INTRODUCTION ly nodding or cernuous, white with yellowish green or
brownishgreengibbosities;perianthtubewhite, 3-4mm
This is the third in a series ofpapers on new species long; outertepals oblong, 4-6x2.5 mm, white withyel-
ooffLWa.cFh.enBaalrikae,ra(nBdarskeerrves19a7s8,a c1o9n7t9i,nu1a9t8io3nao&ftbh,e1w9o8r4k, lgroeweinsihshgrzeoenneoart bbarsoew;niinsnhergtreepeanlsginbabrorsoiwtileys,spaatnhdulpaatlee,
1987, 1989)andthepresentauthor(Duncan 1987, 1988a 4-6x 1.0-1.5mm, white withpale greenishyellow zone
& b, 1989a & b, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997a & b) nearapex. Stamenswell exsertedbeyond tip ofperianth,
towards arevision ofthe genus. declinate; filaments white, 6-10 mm long; anthers yel-
low. Ovary obovoid, pale green, 2-3 mm long; style
Lachenalia nutans G.D.Duncan, sp. nov. L. white, 7-9 mm long, protruding well beyond stamens as
anguineaeSweetaffinispropterfloressimilarescampan- ovary enlarges. Capsule obovoid, 4-6 x 4 mm. Seed
ulatos albos tumoribus flavo-virentibus vel brunneo- black,glossywithgranulatedtesta, 1.5mmlong,globose
virentibus, sed floribus distincte nutantibus staminibus with small ridged arillode 0.3 mm long and distinct
declinatis folioque lanceolato vel late lanceolato pagina decurrent keel. Flowering time-: July to August. Figures
inferiore glaucamargine atromarronino basi subterranea 1A; 2 & 3.
amplectenti differt.
— Etymology: named L. nutans to describe the distinctly
TYPE. Southwestern Namibia, 2715 (Bogenfels): nodding flowers.
2.5 kmNEofSchlafkuppe, onsandy gravelflats,(-BD),
21-7-1986. N.J. van Berkel563 (NBG, holo.!).
Diagnosticcharacters
Deciduous, winter-growing geophyte 35-110 mm
high. Bulbsubglobose, 10-20mmdiam.,white withthin L. nutansischaracterisedbyadense,racemoseinflor-
layer ofreddish brown, membranous outer scales. Leaf escence of distinctly nodding, oblong-campanulate
solitary, lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, 30-60 x flowers with the innertepals as long as, or very slightly
4-20 mm, erect or suberect, upper surface unmarked, longer than the outer tepals. The declinate stamens are
very well exserted and the upper part of the peduncle
darkgreen withdepressedlongitudinal veins, lowersur-
faceglaucous,unmarkedorbarredwithdarkgreentrans- and the lower part ofthe rachis is slightly to conspicu-
ously swollen. The plant has a solitary, lanceolate or
verse bands, margin dark maroon; clasping base white,
subterranean, 20-55 mm long. Inflorescence racemose, broadly lanceolate leafwith adarkgreen uppersurface,
dense, 40-55 mm long with a very short sterile tip; aglaucouslowersurfaceandawhite, deep subterranean
peduncle erect, 25^40 mm long, sturdy, pale green, clasping base.
mottled with dull purplish red spots, slightly to conspic-
uously swollen towards apex, and at base of inflores- L. nutans is related to L. anguinea Sweet which
cence; rachis 35-45 mm long, pale green in lower half, occurs in deep red sand from the Richtersveld as far
south as the Piketberg District. L. anguinea has similar
with dull purplish red spots, shading to white in upper
campanulate white flowers with yellowish green or
half, with sporadic, much paler spots, slightly to con-
brownish green gibbosities and well exserted white sta-
spicuously swollen in lower half; pedicels erect to
suberect during flowering, bending downwards during mens. It differs, however, in being a larger plant with
fruiting, white, 2-5 mm long; bracts white, cup-like at much smaller, patent flowers produced on very long
base of inflorescence, becoming lanceolate above, pedicels, and its long, arcuate, deeply canaliculate, flac-
1.0-1.5mmlong. Flowersoblong-campanulate,distinct- cid leaf. The seeds ofL. anguinea also differ from those
ofL. nutansin havingavery small, almost obsolete, ter-
minal ridged arillode, whereas the seeds of L. nutans
haveagranulatedtestaandadistinctdecurrentkeel.The
* National Botanical Institute, Kirstenbosch, Private Bag X7, 7735
Claremont,CapeTown. two species are also separated geographically, L. nutans
MS.received: 1997-11-14. being known onlyfrom southwestern Namibia.
132 Bothalia28,2(1998)
—
FIGURE 1. A,Lachenalianutans, VanBerkel563; B,L.attenuata,Saunderss.n.',C,L. doleritica,Mannings.n. Scalebars: 10mm.
Distribution andhabitat cellis multo brevioribus folioque conduplicato sine setis
vel papillis et basi folii non distincte dilatatadiffert.
Lachenalia nutans is known from two collections —
made in southwestern Namibia. In August 1929, Dinter TYPE. Western Cape, 3319 (Worcester): Keisie-
collectedmaterialofLachenaliaklinghardtianaDinterat berg,MontaguDist., (-DB),Sept. 1946, G.J. Lewis2431
Haalenberg which was deposited at B, K and PRE (SAM, holo!).
{Dinter6666).However,oneofthetwoherbariumsheets
ofthis collection housed atB is in fact notL. klinghard- Deciduous, winter-growing geophyte 65-220 mm
tiana but represents the first collection of Lachenalia high. Bulb globose, 8-10 mm diam., white with hard,
nutans.Thespecimensofthe latterspecies are in afruit- dark brown outer tunics. Leafsolitary, linear, attenuate,
ing stage and the collectingdate is given as 31stAugust conduplicate, clasping base of peduncle up to 50 mm
1929, whereas the collecting date given for the other long,palegreenshadingtoyellowishgreen inupperhalf,
sheet correctly identified as L. klinghardtiana is 30th with short, darker green bands on lower surface, upper
August. Fifty-seven years later, MrsN.J. Van Berkel col- surface unmarked, spreading to suberect, 35-140 x
lected (lowering material ofL. nutans further south at a 7-10mm,claspingbasemarked withmagentabandsjust
locality northeast of Schlafkuppe (Figure 4), which is below ground level, shading to brownishpurple and pale
now the type material ofthe species. Plants grow singly green at, and just above ground level, respectively.
or in groups on sandy gravel flats in full sun. The typi- Inflorescencesubspicateorracemose, fewtomany-flow-
callydeep-seatedbulbsprobablyonlygrowandflowerif ered, very lax, 20-60 mm long, with very short sterile
there has been sufficientseasonal rainfall. tip; peduncleerect tosuberect, very slender, 35-200mm
long, very pale green in lower half and mottled with
Materialexamined brownish purple blotches, shading to yellowish green or
brownish purple in upperhalf, with orwithoutbrownish
2D1i-n7tNe-rA19M686I66,B6IV(aABn)..B—e22r76k11e55l(5B6(oL3gued(nefNreBiltGsz))).::2.H5aaklmenNbeErgo,fS(c-hDlAaf)k,up3p1e-,8(--1B9D2)9,, ppuurrppllee,bslhoatdchiensg;troacphailse hbelauveilayt ampoetxt,le2d0-wi6t0hmbmrowlnoinsgh;
pedicelswhiteorbrownishpurple,spreadingorsuberect,
1-3 mm long; bracts ovate to obovate, 1-3 x 1-3 mm.
Lachenaliaattenuata W.F.BarkerexG.D.Duncan, Flowers patent to slightly cernuous, oblong to oblong-
sp. nov. L. hirtae (Thunb.) Thunb. affinis propter flores campanulate, pale blue and greenish yellow with pur-
similarespallideazureosoblongosvel oblongo-campanu- plish brown markings; perianth tube pale blue, 2 mm
latos segmentis interiores perianthii viridi-flavis tumor- long; outer tepals oblong, 6-7 x 3-4 mm, pale blue at
ibus purpureo-brunneis staminibusque inclusis, sed pedi- base, shading to dull purplish brown at lips, with dull
Bothalia28,2(1998) 133
—
FIGURE 2. Sheet of Lachenalia
nutans, Dinter 6666 (B),
material collected on 31-8-
1929.
purplish brown gibbosities; inner tepals protruding well ous, oblong or oblong-campanulate flowers with the
beyond outer tepals, obovate, dull white at base shading innertepalsprotrudingwellbeyondthe outer. The decli-
to greenish yellow at apex, with distinctbrownish green nate stamens are included or very slightly exserted, and
keels, 6-7 x 4-5 mm, upper two inner tepals overlap- the plant has a single linear, attenuate, conduplicate leaf
ping.Stamensdeclinate, includedorveryslightlyexsert- with an unmarked upper surface, the lower surface
ed; filaments white, 6-7 mm long; anthers maroon prior marked with short green bands, and the clasping leaf
to anthesis, yellow at anthesis, and black after anthesis. base marked with brownish purple bands above ground
Ovaryovoid, pale green, 3-4x3 mm; stylewhite, 7mm level, and withmagentabands below ground level.
long, protruding beyond stamens as ovary enlarges.
Capsuleovoid,6-7x5-6mm.Seedglobose, 1 mmlong, L. attenuataisrelatedtoL. hirta(Thunb.)Thunb. var.
dull black, with a ribbed arillode 0.7 mm long. hirta which has similar oblong or oblong-campanulate
Flowering time:Augustto September. Figures IB; 5. pale blue flowers with greenish yellow inner tepals and
included orslightly exsertedstamens, andasingle linear
Etymology: named L. attenuata by W.F. Barker to de- leaf with brownish purple and magenta bands on the
scribethe gradually taperingleaf. clasping leaf base. L. hirta differs in having very long
pedicels and acanaliculate leafwith distinctbristles and
Diagnostic characters papillae on the lower surface and margins. The seeds of
L. hirtadifferinhavinganalmostobsolete,terminalaril-
L. attenuata is characterised by a subspicate orrace- lode, and afinely nettedtesta. The distribution ranges of
mose, very lax inflorescence ofpatent or slightly cernu- the two species do not overlap, L. hirta occurring from
134 Bothalia28,2(1998)
HKBMtnatHCSEtAlST*t)\iW\M
—
— FIGURE5. HolotypeofLachenaliuattenuata,Lewis2431.
FIGURE3. HolotypeofLachenaliunutans, VanBerkel563.
Namaqualand southwardstoMalmesbury, andL. attenu- pkonoorwlyncoflrloecmtedt,hrbeuet fraeicrleyntwicdoelslpercetaiodnsspemciaeds.eItoins atlhsoe
ataoccurringon theRoggeveldPlateau, theLittle Karoo
Roggeveld Plateau, and a furtherthree records from the
and the southern Cape.
Little Karoo (Figure 4). It grows in montane habitats
Distribution andhabitat fwahceirnge,itsiesasuosnuaallllyy emnociostu,ntewerleld-dgrraoiwniendglsoiangmlyy cinlasyoustohi-l
amongstrocks.
L. attenuata was first collected by Dr J. Muir in
August 1933 in the Riversdale District of the southern Materialexamined
Cape, and represents the most easterly record of this
NORTHERN CAPE.—3220 (Sutherland): Farm Agterkop,
Gannaga Pass, (-AA), Sept. 1996, Saunders s.n. sub NBG755601
(NBG); mountain S of Voelfontein farmhouse, (-AD), Sept. 1981,
Snijman 515(NBG); FarmJakhals Valley, VerlatekloofPass, (-DA),
Sept 1986,Cloete&Haselau238(NBG).
WESTERNCAPE.—3319(Worcester):HexRiverPass,Wofsum-
mit, (-BD), Sept. 1974, Nordenstam & Lundgren 2059 (NBG);
Rabiesberg,NEofNuy,(-DA),Sept. 1935,Lewis & Esterhuysens.n.
subBOL21949(BOL);Keisieberg,MontaguDist.,(-DB),Sept. 1946,
Lewis2431 (SAM); 3421 (Riversdale): RiversdaleDist.,(-AB),Aug.
1933,Muir4886(K).
Lachenalia doleritica G.D.Duncan, sp. nov. L.
neilii W.F.Barker ex G.D.Duncan affinis propter inflo-
rescentiamsimilaremmultifloramfloribusvirellisoblon-
go-campanulatis patentibus vel suberectis tumoribus
atroviridis vel brunneis, folios plerumque immaculatos
venislongiludinalibusdistinctedepressis,sedstaminibus
FIGURE4.—Distr.ibutionofLachenaliunutans.A;L.attenuata,•;L. inclusis foliisque ovatis arcuatis non glaucis, bulbo sine
doleritica, annulo bulbillorum basi differt.