Rice Botany and Agronomy Rice - Kühne 1 Botany -1 Family: Gramineae Subfamily Oryzoideae uniflorous spikelets, hermaphrodite flower (6 anther) Genus Oryza Species O. sativa L. SE-Asia, long ligule (8-20 mm) O. glaberrima Steud. West Africa, short ligule (3-6 mm) Rice - Kühne 2 Morphology Rice - Kühne 3 Rice - Kühne 4 Rice - Kühne 5 Origin and Distribution Rice - Kühne 6 Interspecies cross (by WARDA, 90s) NEw RIce for AfriCA Rice - Kühne 7 Botany- 2 cultivar groups Indica Japonica predominant tropical subtropics Long/thin grains Round to oval grains Length/width index >3 Length/width index 1-3 Shortday plants Daylength neutral to mild Rice - Kühne 8 World rice production in 1999/2000 - 2002/2003 (milled basis) “World paddy production 2008 could grow by about 2.3 percent reaching a new record level of 666 million tonnes (http://www.fao.org/newsroom/en/news/2008/1000835/index.html Country 1999/2000 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 China 138,936 131,536 124,320 123,200 India 89,700 84,871 91,600 80,000 Indonesia 33,445 32,548 32,422 32,500 Bangladesh 23,066 25,086 25,500 26,000 Vietnam 20,926 20,473 20,670 20,500 Thailand 16,500 16,901 16,500 16,500 Burma 9,860 10,771 10,440 10,440 Philippines 7,772 8,135 8,450 8,300 Japan 8,350 8,636 8,242 8,200 Brazil 7,768 7,062 7,480 7,600 United States 6,502 5,941 6,764 6,457 Korea, South 5,263 5,291 5,515 5,300 Egypt 3,787 3,965 3,575 3,800 Pakistan 5,156 4,700 3,740 3,500 EU 1,751 1,567 1,620 1,792 Taiwan 1,349 1,342 1,245 1,197 Australia 787 1,259 930 965 Others 28,282 27,270 27,575 28,156 WORLD TOTAL 409,200 397,354 396,588 384,407 Country 1999/2000 2000/1 2001/2 2002/3 Unit: thousand metric tons Source: USDA, Foreign Agricultural Services (FAS), Aug 2002 Rice - Kühne 9 Top ten producers world wide (80 % by top 7) http://www.rice-trade.com/articles/rice-production.html Preliminary figures for 2009/2010 based on FAO Country Rice Production China Mt: 166,417,000 (32.7%) India Mt: 132,013,000 (26.0%) Indonesia Mt: 52,078,832 (10.2%) Bangladesh Mt: 38,060,000 (7.5%) Vietnam Mt: 34,518,600 (6.8%) Thailand Mt: 27,000,000 (5.3%) Myanmar Mt: 24,640,000 (4.8%) Philippines Mt: 14,031,000 (2.8%) Brazil Mt: 10,198,900 (2.0%) Japan Mt: 9,740,000 (1.9%) Rice - Kühne 10
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