borland :: borland C++ :: Borland C++ for OS2 Version 1.5 Users Guide 1994

187 Pages·1994·7.2 MB·English

lor
OS/2®
User's Guide
Borland® C++
for OS/2®
Version 1.5
Redistributable files
You can redistribute the following files in accordance with the No Nonsense License
Statement:
• BIDS402.DLL • TCLASS2.DLL • C215.DLL
• BIDS402D2.DLL • C215MT.DLL • BPMCC.DLL
• LOCALE.BLL
Borland may have patents andbr pending patent applications covering subject matter in this
document. The furnishing of this document does not give you any license to these patents.
COPYRIGHT © 1987, 1994 by Borland International. All rights reserved. All Borland products
are trademarks or registered trademarks of Borland International, Inc. Other brand and
product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
Borland International, Inc.
100 Borland Way, Scotts Valley, CA 95066-3249
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
1E OR0294
9495969798-987654321
H1
Contents
Introduction 1 Default files
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 29
What's in Borland C++ Changing project files
0000000000000000000; 0 001 0 0 0 0 0 • 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 30
Hardware and software requirements Syntax highlighting
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 30
The Borland C++ implementation Configuring element colors
00000000000003 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 30
The Borland C++ package Some basic tasks
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 31
The User's Guide Compiling and linking programs
000000000000000000000000003 0000000000031
The Tools and Utilities Guide Making an application
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0000.0000000000000 31
The Programmer's Guide Building an application
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 31
The Library Reference Compiling a file
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 31
Typefaces and icons used in these books Linking a file
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32
Tools in your package Debugging an application
0000000000000000000000007 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32
Contacting Borland Preparing your application .
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32
Borland Assist plans Debugging environment
00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 33
Viewing data objects
Chapter 1 Installing Borland C++ 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 • 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 34
Controlling program execution
Using INSTALL 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 34
Running the ID0E 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Chapter 3 Menus and options reference
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 37
Opening the README file File menu
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 37
The HELPME!.DOC file New
00000000000000000000013 00000000000000000000000000000000000037
Customizing the IDE Open
00000000000000000000000014 0000000000000000000000000000000000037
Sample programs Using the File list box
00000000000000000000000000014 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38
Save
Chapter 2 IDE basics 00000000000000000000000000000000000038
15 Save As
Starting the IDE 00000000000000000000000000000000038
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 Save All
Startup options 00000000000000000000000000000000038
000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000000000000 17 Print
The Ib option 000000000000000000000000000000.0000039
0000000000000000000000000017 Exit
The 1m option 000000000000000000000000000000000000039
000000000000000000000000017 Closed File Listing
Exiting the IDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 39
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 Edit menu
IDE components 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 39
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 Undo
The menu bar and menus 0000000000000000000000000000000000041
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 Redo
Mouse shortcuts Cut 0 0 000000000000000000000000000000000041
Using the SpeedB0a0r0 00000000000000000000019 000000000000000000000000000000000000041
00000000000000000000019 Copy
Keyboard shortcuts 0000000000000000000000000000000000041
00000000000000000000021 Paste
Borland C++ windows 0000000000000000000000000000000000041
0000000000000000000023 Clear
Window management 0000000000000000000000000000000000041
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 25 Search menu
The status line 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41
000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 026 Find
Dialog boxes 00000000000000000000000000000000000041
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 Replace
Action buttons 00000000000000000000000000000000043
000000000000000000000000026 Search Again
Radio buttons and check boxes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 44
0000000000027 Go to Line Number
Input and list boxes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 44
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 27 Run menu
Configuration and project files 00000000000000000000000000000000044
00000000000000028 Run
The configuration file 00000000000000000000000000000000000044
00000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000 028 Using the same source code
Project files 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 44
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 28 Using modified source code
The project directory 0000000000000 44
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 29 Step Over
Desktop files 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 45
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 29
Trace Into ............................... 45 Arrange Icons ............................ 53
Run To Cursor ........................... 45 Close All ................................ 53
Reset .................................... 45 Open Windows Listing ................... 53
Run Arguments .......................... 45 Help menu ................................ 54
Compile menu ............................. 46 Contents ................................ 55
Compile ................................. 46 Index ................................... 55
Make ................................... 46 Topic Search ............................. 56
Link .................................... 46 Essentials ............................... 56
Build All ................................ 46 Language Reference ...................... 56
Break ................................... 47 Error Messages .......................... 56
Debug menu ............................... 47 Tasks ................................... 56
Breakpoints .............................. 48 Menus .................................. 56
Messagepoints ........................... 48 Keyboard ............................... 56
Datapoints ............................... 48 Using Help .............................. 56
Exceptionpoints .......................... 48 About Borland C++ ....................... 57
Source .................................. 48
Chapter 4 Settings notebook 59
Disassembly ............................. 48
Using the Settings notebook ................. 59
Variable ................................. 48
Getting around .......................... 59
Call Stack ................................ 48
Organization ............................ 60
Watch ................................... 49
Changing and saving settings .............. 62
Evaluator ................................ 49
Compiler section ........................... 62
Inspector ................................ 49
Code Generation Options ................. 63
Thread .................................. 49
C++ Options ............................. 65
Memory ................................. 49
Optimizations ........................... 67
Registers ................................ 49
Source Options ........................... 68
Numeric Processor ....................... 49
Messages ................................ 69
Heap .................................... 49
Names .................................. 70
Hide Windows ........................... 49
Make section .............................. 70
Show Windows .......................... 49
Target section .............................. 71
Tools menu ................................ 50
Linker section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
View Transcript .......................... 50
Link Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Previous Error ........................... 50
Link Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Next Error ............................... 50
Link Warnings ........................... 74
Remove Messages ........................ 50
Librarian section ........................... 74
Transfer items ............................ 50
Debugger Options section ................... 75
Project menu ............................... 51
Debugger Options ........................ 75
Open Project ............................. 51
Disassembly View Local Options ... : ....... 77
Close Project ............................. 51
Variables View Local Options .............. 78
View Project ............................. 51
Call Stack View Local Options ............. 79
View Settings ............................ 51
Watch View Local Options ................ 79
Add Item ................................ 51
Evaluator View Local Options ............. 80
Delete Item .............................. 52
Inspector View Local Options .............. 80
Local Options ............................ 52
Memory View Local Options .............. 80
Include Files ............................. 52
Register View Local Options ............... 81
Generate Makefile ........................ 52
File And Numeric View Local Options ...... 82
Save .................................... 53
Directories section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Window menu ............................. 53
Environment section ........................ 83
Tile ..................................... 53
Preferences .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Cascade ................................. 53
Desktop ................................. 85 Appendix A The optimizer 129
Editor ................................... 85 What is optimization? ...................... 129
Fonts .................................... 87 When should you use the optimizer? .... 129
Syntax Hilite ............................. 88 Optimization options ...................... 129
Transfer section ............................ 89 A closer look at the Borland C++ optimizer. 131
Global register allocation ............... 131
Chapter 5 Managing multi-file projects 93
Globaloptimizations .................. 131
Sampling the Project Manager ................ 94
Common sub expression elimination ..... 131
Error tracking .............................. 96
Loop invariant code motion ............ 132
Stopping a make ......................... 97
Copy propagation ..................... 132
Syntax errors in multiple source files ........ 97
Induction variable analysis and strength
Saving or deleting messages ............... 98
reduction ............................. 133
Autodependency checking ................. 98
Linear function test replacement ........ 133
Using different file translators ................ 99
Loop compaction ...................... 134
Overriding libraries ........................ 101
Dead storage elimination ............... 135
More Project Manager features .............. 101
Pointer aliasing ....................... 135
Looking at files in a project ............... 103
Code size versus speed optimizations .... 136
Chapter 6 Command-line compiler 105 Intrinsic function inlining .............. 136
Running BCC ........................... 105 Register parameter passing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Using the options ........................ 105 Parameter rules ....................... 138
Option precedence rules ................ 106 Floating-point registers ................ 138
Syntax and file names .................... 109 Function naming ...................... 139
Response files ........................... 110
Appendix B Editor reference 141
Configuration files ....................... 110
Block commands ........................ 144
Option precedence rules ................ 111
Other editing commands ................. 145
Compiler options .......................... 111
Macro definitions ........................ 112 Appendix C Precompiled headers 147
Code-generation options ................. 113 How they work ........................... 147
The -v and -vi options ................. 115 Drawbacks ............................. 148
Optimization options .................... 116 Using precompiled headers ................. 148
Source code options ...................... 116 Setting file names ....................... 148
Error-reporting options .................. 117 Establishing identity ..................... 148
Segment-naming control ................. 119 Optimizing precompiled headers . . . . . . . . . . 149
Compilation control options .............. 120
Appendix 0 Using the Browser 151
C++ virtual tables ....................... 121
Browsing through your code ................ 151
C++ member pointers .................... 122
Browsing through objects ................ 153
Template generation options .............. 123
Filters ................................ 154
Exception handling/RTTI ................ 124
Viewing declarations of listed symbols . . . 155
Linker options ............................ 124
Environment options ....................... 125 Browsing through global symbols ......... 155
Browsing symbols in your code ........... 155
Include file and library directories ......... 125
File-search algorithms .................... 126 Index 157
An annotated example ................. 127
iii
Tables
2.1 General hot keys ........................ 22 A.1 Optimization options summary ......... 130
2.2 Menu hot keys .......................... 22 A.2 Parameter types and possible
2.3 Editing hot keys ........................ 23 registers used ......................... 138
2.4 Online Help hot keys .................... 23 B.1 Editing commands ..................... 141
2.5 Debugging/Running hot keys ............ 23 B.2 Block commands in depth .............. 144
2.6 Manipulating windows .................. 25 B.3 Borland-style block commands .... . . . . . . 145
3.1 Search-string wildcards .................. 42 B.4 Other editor commands in depth ........ 145
6.1 Command-line options summary ........ 106 D.1 Letter symbols in the Browser ........... 154
iv
Figures
D.l Buttons on the Browser SpeedBar ........ 152 D.3 Viewing the details of an object ......... 154
D.2 Viewing the object hierarchy of an
application ........................... 153
v
vi
Introduction
Borland C++ is a professional optimizing compiler for C++ and C develop
ers. It's powerful, fast, and efficient. With Borland C++, you can create
practically any OS/2 or Presentation Manager application.
Because C++ is an object-oriented programming (OOP) language, it gives
you the advantages of advanced design methodology and labor-saving
features. It's the next step in the natural evolution of C. And because it's
portable, you can easily transfer application programs written in C++ from
one system to another. You can use C++ for almost any programming task
on any platform.
What's in Borland C++
Chapter 1 tells you Borland C++ includes the latest features programmers have asked for:
how to install Borland
C++. This .. C and C++: Borland C++ offers you the full power of C and C++ pro-
Introduction tells you gramming, with a complete implementation of the AT&T v. 3.0 ,
where you can find
specification as well as a 100% ANSI C compiler. Borland C++ for OS/2
out more about each
feature. also provides a number of useful C++ class libraries, plus the a complete
implementation of templates and exception handling, which allow
efficient collection classes to be built using parameterized types.
• Global optimization: a full suite of state-of-the-art optimizations gives
you complete control over code generation, so you can program in the
style you find most convenient, yet still produce small, fast, highly
efficient code.
• Faster compilation speed: Precompiled headers significantly shorten
recompilation time. Optimizations are also performed at high speed, so
you don't have to wait for high quality code.
• Programmer's Platform: Borland C++ for OS/2 comes with an improved
version of the Programmer's Platform, Borland's open-architecture
integrated development environment (IDE) that gives you access to a full
range of programming tools and utilities, including
• A multi-file editor featuring an industry-standard Common User
Access (CUA) interface .
• Turbo Editor Macro Language (TEML) and the Turbo Editor Macro
Compiler (TEMC), which provide the ability to create and use a
customized editor interface.
Introduction