Bones, Stones and Molecules: ''Out of Africa'' and Human Origins PDF
Preview Bones, Stones and Molecules: ''Out of Africa'' and Human Origins
Bones, Stones and Molecules “Out of Africa” and Human Origins Reconstruction of Paranthropus (Adapted from Matternes [Isaac & McCown,1976]) Bones, Stones and Molecules “Out of Africa” and Human Origins David W. Cameron Department of Anatomy and Histology The University of Sydney and Colin P. Groves School of Archaeology and Anthropology (Faculties) Australian National University Acquisition Editor:David Cella Project Manager:Troy Lilly Editorial Coordinator:Kelly Sonnack Marketing Manager:Linda Beattie Marketing Manager:Clare Fleming Cover Design:Cate Rickard Barr Interior Design:Julio Esperas Composition:Newgen Imaging Systems Interior Printer:The Maple-Vail Book Manufacturing Group Cover Printer:Phoenix Color Corporation Elsevier Academic Press 200 Wheeler Road,Burlington,MA 01803,USA 525 B Street,Suite 1900,San Diego,California 92101-4495,USA 84 Theobald’s Road,London WC1X 8RR,UK This book is printed on acid-free paper. Copyright ©2004,Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,electronic or mechanical,including photocopy,recording,or any information storage and retrieval system,without permission in writing from the publisher. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford,UK:phone:((cid:2)44) 1865 843830,fax:((cid:2)44) 1865 853333, e-mail:[email protected]. You may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevier homepage (http://elsevier.com),by selecting “Customer Support” and then “Obtaining Permissions.” Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Cameron,David W. Bones,stones and molecules:“Out of Africa”and human origins / David W. Cameron and Colin P. Groves. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-12-156933-0 (pbk. :alk. paper) 1. Paleoanthropology. 2. Human evolution. I. Groves,Colin P. II. Title. GN282.C36 2004 569.9—dc22 2003022774 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN:0-12-156933-0 For all information on all Academic Press publications visit our Web site at www.academicpressbooks.com Printed in the United States of America 04 05 06 07 08 09 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 David dedicates this book to Debbie and our little Cameron clan, Emma, Anita,and Lloyd Jr. Colin dedicates it to his long-suffering wife,the inspiration of the last thirty years,Phyll. v This Page Intentionally Left Blank C O N T E N T S Acknowledgments................................................................................................ix Preface..................................................................................................................xi 1. Introduction....................................................................................................1 Interlude 1:Creationism and Other Brainstorms..............................................29 2. Evolution of the Miocene Great Apes..........................................................35 3. The Later Miocene and Early Pliocene Hominids.......................................59 Interlude 2:The Importance of Being an Ape....................................................79 4. Our Kind of Hominins..................................................................................83 5. A Systematic Scheme for the Pliocene and Early Pleistocene Hominids.............................................................................105 Interlude 3:Of Men’s Beards and Peacock’s Tails..........................................151 6. The First African Exodus:The Emergence of Early Homo in Europe and Asia..................................................................................157 7. Human Evolution in the Middle Pleistocene..............................................181 Interlude 4:The Geography of Humanity........................................................201 8. “The Grisly Folk”:The Emergence of the Neanderthals............................207 9. The Second African Exodus:The Emergence of Modern Humans.....................................................................................233 10. The Emergence of Modern Humans in Asia and Australia........................251 Interlude 5:Milford Wolpoff in the Garden of Eden........................................275 vii viii Contents 11. Epilogue......................................................................................................279 Appendix:Detailed Description of Characters (DWC).....................................287 References.........................................................................................................345 Index..................................................................................................................395 AC K N OW L E D G M E N T S We want to thank all our colleagues, mentors, students, and friends who have contributed to our thought-processes on human evolution. Some are no longer with us: John Napier, Vratja Mazák, Peter Whybrow, Allan Wilson. Most are still around,and bickering in a very lively fashion:Peter Andrews,Debbie Argue,Ray Bernor,Peter Brown,David Bulbeck,Judith Caton, Ron Clarke, Denise Donlon, Peter Grubb, Vu The Long, Maciej Henneberg, Jacob Hogarth, Bill Howells, Jean-Jaques Hublin, Dan Lieberman, Theya Molson, Charles Oxnard, Rajeev Patnaik, David Pilbeam, Brett Still, Chris Stringer, Phillip Tobias, Alan Thorne, Peter Ungar,Alan Walker, Michael Westaway, Milford Wolpoff, Benard Wood, Wu Xinzhi. We also thank Troy Lilly and Kelly Sonnack at Elsevier, whose nurturing actions have been above and beyond the call of duty. We thank,but do not blame them. We finally thank each other,for putting up with each other’s foibles,pig-headedness and exasperating habits. ix
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